Các di tích thờ thánh Không Lộ ở Nam Định và Thái Bình

CAC Dl TICH T H 6 THANH KHONG LO<br /> 6 NAM DiNH VA THAI BINH<br /> •<br /> <br /> L E T H I T H U HA*<br /> <br /> T<br /> <br /> ren nen t a n g k i n h te ndng nghiep<br /> <br /> cd n i m sinh, n i m mi't k h i c n h a u .<br /> <br /> lfla nfldc, ngfldi Viet (nhi't l i ngfldi<br /> <br /> Nhdm thfl hai cho r i n g Dfldng Khdng<br /> Ld v i Nguyen M i n h Khdng chi l i rapt.<br /> <br /> Viet d B i c bd) cd mdt ddi sd'ng v i n hda t i m<br /> linh k h i phong p h u v i d i e s i e . Trong he<br /> thd'ng t h a n linh m i hp p h u n g thd ed cae<br /> a n h hflng dan tdc, cd eie n h a n vat cd<br /> ngudn gd'c tfl tfl nhien va cung khdng ft<br /> cic a n h hflng van hda. Dd l i nhflng n h a n<br /> v i t dfldc ngfldi dan "sang tao" ra tfl nhflng<br /> truyen thuyet, h u y e n thoai v i ca tfl tieu<br /> sfl eua eie n h a n v i t ljch sfl dfldc lap ghep,<br /> chap ndi vdi n h a u . T h i n h Dfldng Khdng<br /> Ld cd le cung l i mdt trong sd' dd. Nghien<br /> cflu ve t h i n h Khdng Lp trong ddi sd'ng v i n<br /> hda eua eU d i n duyen hai B i c Bp, ngUdi<br /> viet da ed djp khao s i t rapt so' tinh duyen<br /> hai, trong dd cd N a m Djnh va Thai Binh.<br /> Qua trinh khao sat da giflp chflng tdi cd<br /> mdt c i i nhin cd b a n ve t h a n h Khdng Ld v i<br /> he thd'ng di tieh thd N g i i .<br /> <br /> Tuy nhien, qua khao s i t tfl phfldng<br /> dien tin ngfldng va v i n hda tin ngfldng,<br /> xua't p h a t tfl t a m thflc dan gian, dan cfl tai<br /> nhflng ndi thd n g i i khdng ed sfl p h a n biet<br /> gifla hai vj thien sfl. Dieu nay the Men ri't<br /> rd qua c i c t r u y e n t h u y e t dUde lUu truyen<br /> treng d a n gian va he thd'ng sac phong cdn<br /> luu gifl tai c i c di tich. H a u b e t c i c di tieh<br /> dfldc gidi thieu trong b i i viet deu cd s i c<br /> phong de rd vj t h i n h dfldc thd ed dao p h i p<br /> l i Khdng Lp thien sfl, mac dfl truyen<br /> thuyet cd the neu ten la Khdng Ld thien<br /> sfl N g u y i n<br /> <br /> Minh<br /> <br /> Khdng h a y<br /> <br /> Dfldng<br /> <br /> Khdng Ld. Ngay ngdi chfla ldn nhfl chfla<br /> Keo - T h i i Binh, hay chfla Cd Le - Nam<br /> Djnh, thi ben canh cae t i i lieu cho r i n g vj<br /> t h i n h td eua chfla l i thien sfl Dfldng<br /> <br /> Tfl trfldc tdi nay khi nghien cflu ve cic<br /> <br /> Khdng Lp cflng v i n cd nhflng tai lieu chep<br /> <br /> vj t h i n h trong t a m thflc d i n gian c i c n h i<br /> <br /> rang vj t h i n h td la thien sfl N g u y i n Minh<br /> <br /> nghien cflu chia t h a n h hai q u a n diem<br /> <br /> Khdng. Vi vay, t i c gia b i i viet bfldc dau<br /> <br /> k h i c n h a u ve hai vi thien sU thdi Ly la<br /> <br /> lfla chpn eac di tich.cd he thd'ng s i c phong<br /> <br /> DUdng Khdng Lp va N g u y i n Minh Khdng.<br /> <br /> neu rd 'vj t h i n h dfldc thd la Khdng Ld dai<br /> <br /> Nhdm thfl nha't eho r a n g Dfldng Khdng<br /> <br /> p h i p thien sfl qua khao s i t d hai t i n h<br /> <br /> Lp v i Nguyin M i n h Khdng l i hai thien sU<br /> <br /> T h i i Binh, N a m Djnh de gidi thieu trong<br /> <br /> Le Thi Thu Ha, NCS TrUdng Dai hoc Van'hoa Ha Noi<br /> <br /> Le Thi Tlm Hd - Cae di tieh thd thdnh Khong Lo a Nam Dinh vd Thai Binh<br /> <br /> 63<br /> <br /> cdng lao eua t h a n h Khdng Ld, xui't p h i t<br /> <br /> bai viet n i y .<br /> Theo t u lieu tai cic di tfch n i y , DUdng<br /> <br /> tfl long ngfldng mp v i y thflc tdn vinh<br /> <br /> Khdng Ld l i mot n h a n v i t ed nMeu g i n bd<br /> <br /> nhflng ngfldi cd cdng vdi d i n vdi nfldc,<br /> <br /> vdi cic iTnh vUe eua ddi sd'ng. Ve tdn giio,<br /> <br /> ngfldi ddi sau d i x i y dflng cae cdng t r i n h<br /> <br /> n g i i la mot vj thien sU cd nhieu cdng lao<br /> <br /> kien true de thd Ngai.<br /> <br /> xay dUng kien true P h i t giao va p h a t<br /> <br /> Khao s i t bfldc dau he thd'ng di tieh ljch<br /> <br /> trien dao P h a t . Vdi cdng ddng cU d i n vung<br /> <br /> sfl- v i n hda tren dja b a n tinh Nam Djnh<br /> <br /> duyen bai ndi chung va hai t i n h T h i i<br /> <br /> v i Thai Binh cho tha'y, cd tdi 28 cdng trinh<br /> <br /> Binh, Nam Djnh ndi rieng, ngai cd cdng<br /> <br /> dfldc x i y dflng de thd p h u n g Dudng Khdng<br /> <br /> lao tren nhieu ITnh vUc nhU: quai de l i n<br /> <br /> Ld (16 ngdi chfla, 4 ngdi den v i 7 ngdi<br /> <br /> bien, diet trfl thuy q u i i , khai k h i n di't<br /> <br /> dinh). Trong so' dd cd nhflng cum di tich<br /> <br /> hoang, day d i n trdng lua nfldc, d i n h b i t<br /> <br /> gdm ca dinh-den-ehua nhfl l i n g La Van<br /> <br /> e i , chfla benh cho dan, l i dng td cua nghe<br /> <br /> (huyen Quynh Phu, t i n h T h i i Binh), hoac<br /> <br /> dflc ddng, chfla khdi b e n h cho vua Ly<br /> <br /> den - chua hay dinh - chfla nhfl d lang<br /> <br /> Nhan Tdng (1072-1128)<br /> <br /> Lfldng H a n (huyen Trflc Ninh, tinh Nam<br /> <br /> De ghi nhd<br /> <br /> BANG 1: DANH MUC CAC NGOI CHUA THO DtTC THANH KHONG LO<br /> STT<br /> <br /> TEN DI TICH<br /> <br /> DIA DIEM PHAN BO<br /> <br /> 1.<br /> <br /> Chiia E>ia Linh<br /> <br /> Xa Quynh Minh, huyen Quynh Phu, t i n h Thai Binh<br /> <br /> 2.<br /> <br /> Chua Keo<br /> <br /> Xa Duy Nhat, huyen Via Thfl, t i n h Thai Binh<br /> <br /> 3.<br /> <br /> Chiia A m<br /> <br /> Xa Vu Tay, huyen Kie'n Xfldng, Tinb Thai Binh<br /> <br /> 4.<br /> <br /> Chua Bdn<br /> <br /> Xa Hdng Chau, huyen Dong Hflng, t i n h Thai Binh<br /> <br /> 5.<br /> <br /> Chua Ndi<br /> <br /> Xa Vii Tay, huyen Kie'n Xudng, tinh Thai Binh<br /> <br /> 6.<br /> <br /> Chiia Vi Khe<br /> <br /> Xa Dien Xa, huyen N a m Trflc, tinh N a m Ehnh<br /> <br /> 7.<br /> <br /> Chiia Keo<br /> <br /> Xa Xuan Hdng, huyen Xuan TrUdng, t i n h N a m E)jnh<br /> <br /> 8.<br /> <br /> Chua Co L i<br /> <br /> Xa N a m Trflc, huyen Trflc M n h , t i n h N a m Djnh<br /> <br /> 9.<br /> <br /> Chua Ndi<br /> <br /> Xa N a m Thanh, huyen N a m Trflc, t i n h N a m Djnh<br /> <br /> 10. Chua Tay Lac<br /> <br /> Xa Ddng Sdn, huyen N a m Trflc, t i n h N a m Dinh<br /> <br /> Chiia Lfldng H a n<br /> <br /> Xa Viet Hung, huyen Trflc Ninh, tinh N a m Djnh<br /> <br /> 12. Chiia T h a n h A m<br /> <br /> Xa N a m Toan, huyen N a m Trflc, t i n h N a m Djnh<br /> <br /> 13. Chua N a m H a<br /> <br /> Xa Tan Thinh, huyen N a m Trflc, tinh N a m E>jnh<br /> <br /> 14. Chiia NghTa Xa<br /> <br /> Xa Xuan Ninh, huyen Xuan TrUdng, t i n h N a m Djnh<br /> <br /> 15. Chiia Kim Quat<br /> <br /> Xa Trflc Tuan, huyen TrUc M n h , t i n h N a m Djnh<br /> <br /> 16. Chua La V a n<br /> <br /> Xa Quynh Hdng, huyen Quynh Phu, Thai Binh<br /> <br /> IL<br /> <br /> 64<br /> <br /> Nghien eifu Dong Nam A 2/2011<br /> BANG 2: DANH MUC CAC NGOI DEN THO DtTC THANH KHONG LO<br /> TAI THAI BINH VA NAM DINH<br /> <br /> STT<br /> <br /> TEN DI TICH<br /> <br /> DIA D I E M P H A N BO<br /> <br /> 1.<br /> <br /> Den Ngu<br /> <br /> Xa Diep Ndng, huyen H u n g Ha, Thai Binh<br /> <br /> 2.<br /> <br /> Den Long Khe<br /> <br /> Xa Quynh Thp, huyen Quynh Phu, Thai Binh<br /> <br /> 3.<br /> <br /> Den LUdng H a n<br /> <br /> Xa Viet Hung, huyen TrUc M n h , t i n h N a m D i n h<br /> <br /> 4.<br /> <br /> Den La V a n<br /> <br /> Xa Quynh Hdng, huyen Quynh Phu, Thai Binh<br /> <br /> BANG 3: DANH MUC CAC NGOI DINH T H d DU'C THANH KHONG LO<br /> TAI THAI BINH VA NAM DINH<br /> STT<br /> <br /> T E N DI T i C H<br /> <br /> DiA D I e M P H A N Bo<br /> <br /> 1.<br /> <br /> Efinh Etta Linh<br /> <br /> Xa Quynh Minh, huyen Quynh Phu, t i n h Thai Binh<br /> <br /> 2.<br /> <br /> EfinhLaiTn<br /> <br /> Xa Vu Tay, huyen Kie'n XUdng tinh Thai Binh<br /> <br /> 3.<br /> <br /> EfinhNoi<br /> <br /> Xa Vii Tay, huyen Kie'n Xfldng, tinh Thai Binh<br /> <br /> 4.<br /> <br /> Efinh Ddng Tri<br /> <br /> Xa Vu Dong, huyen Kieh Xfldng, t i n h Thai Binh<br /> <br /> 5.<br /> <br /> EXiihLa Van<br /> <br /> Xa Quynh Hdng, huyen Quynh Phu, tiiih Thai Binh<br /> <br /> 6.<br /> <br /> Efinh Cd Hfldng<br /> <br /> Xa Yen Phfldng, huyen y Yen, t i n h N a m Djnh<br /> <br /> 7.<br /> <br /> Efinh P h u Tho<br /> <br /> Xa Tan Thanh, huyen y Yen, t i n h N a m Djnh<br /> <br /> Djnh) v i l i n g Noi (huyen Kien Xudng,<br /> tinh Thai Binh)... De tien cho viec theo doi,<br /> chflng tdi da lap bang theo tflng loai.<br /> Qua bang tdng hdp tren chd thi'y, mat<br /> dp p h a n bd' c i c cdng trinh thd p h u n g<br /> t h a n h Khdng Lp d N a m Djnh va Thai<br /> Binh ed sfl k h i c n h a u . Ngay trong dja b a n<br /> ciia tflng tinh cic di tich n i y ehi t i p t r u n g<br /> d rapt so' huyen. TrUdng hdp nhU b tinh<br /> T h i i Binh cic di tich t i p t r u n g nhieu d<br /> cic huyen Quynh P h u v i Kien XUdng. d<br /> tinh Nam Dinh c i c di tich t i p t r u n g nhieu<br /> tai huyen N a m TrUe v i Trflc Ninh. Neu<br /> nhin n h i n sfl p h i n bd' cic di tieh d nhflng<br /> huyen thupc hai tinh da neu ra tren day<br /> <br /> qua b a n dd h i n h chinh cd the n h i n djnh<br /> r i n g , dd la vung khdng gian tfldng ddi<br /> rpng ldn, la reo di't d i cd thdi ky can ke<br /> bien, c i c huyen cua tinh ket ndi vdi n h a u<br /> tao t h a n h mpt vdng eung lien h o i n ve#<br /> phfldng dien h i n h chinh bdi trong ljch sfl<br /> vung di't T h i i Binh Men nay vd'n la rapt<br /> p h a n cfla tinh N a m Djnh. Ve phfldng dien<br /> v i n hda g i n vdi n h i n v i t dfldc thd trong<br /> cic di tich, day chinh la ndi tu h a n h v i la<br /> que hfldng eua t h i n h Khdng Lp. H a u bet<br /> cic di tieh deu n i m canh c i c eon sdng ldn<br /> nhfl sdng Hdng, sdng T h i i Binh, sdng T r i<br /> Ly, dflng nhfl n h i n djnh cua GS Ngd Dflc<br /> Thjnh :"Tinh chi't chung, cd b a n nhi't cfla<br /> ddng b i n g sdng Hdng la t i n b chi't mdt<br /> <br /> Le Thi Tlm Hd - Cae di tieh thd thdnh Khong Lg d Nam Dinh vd Thdi Binh<br /> c h i u thd lan bien do sdng Hdng nhieu<br /> nfldc, nhieu p h u sa khien cho nen v i n hda<br /> l i u ddi cfla ddng b i n g sdng Hdng lai cd sfl<br /> p h i n hda da dang tfl ndi n i y den ndi<br /> khic" [Vu Tu Lap (ehu bien), V i n hda va<br /> cU d i n ddng bang sdng Hdng, Nxb KHXH,<br /> 1991, tr. 97] Tren thUe te, ngoii c i c dja<br /> danh tren, viee p h u n g thd t h i n h Khdng<br /> Lp cdn ed a n h hUdng d mpt so' cic vung<br /> k h i c nhU: Hiep Hda (Bic Giang), Ninh<br /> Giang, Pha Lai (Hai DUdng), Gia Lam,<br /> Hoii Dflc ( H i Ndi)<br /> Nhin ehung, cic di<br /> tich deu p h u n g thd dflc t h a n h Khdng Lp<br /> nhflng d tflng loai di tich lai cd sfl khac<br /> nhau. d eac ngdi chfla cd chflc n i n g thd<br /> P h i t , ddng thdi cdn thd t h i n h Khdng Lp<br /> vdi tfl cich l i mdt thien sfl va trong nhflng<br /> trfldng hdp e i biet, N g i i cdn la ngfldi dflng<br /> ra xay dflng eae ngdi chfla. d cac ngdi den,<br /> ngfldi d i n thd n g i i vdi tfl c i e h nhfl l i mpt<br /> vj t h i n h , nhflng trong mdt so' trfldng hdp<br /> nhfl d den Ldng Khe, den Ddng Tri (Thii<br /> Binh) cdn phdi thd t h e m dflc t h i n h T r a n<br /> Hflng Dao, a n h h u n g dan toe Ly Thudng<br /> Kiet... Cdn trong c i c ngdi dinh, ngUdi d i n<br /> thd thd n g i i vdi tU each l i mpt vj T h a n h<br /> h o i n g cua l i n g , trong mpt so' trUdng hdp<br /> ed cic di tich n g i i dUde phdi thd cflng vdi<br /> cic vj T h i n h h o i n g l i n g da dfldc thd trfldc<br /> dd nhfl di tich dinh Cd Hfldng (Nam Djnh)<br /> thd t h i n h h o i n g Td'ng Dai T h i n h v i<br /> t h i n h Khdng Ld; dinh Ddng Tri (Thii<br /> Binh) thd Ddng Hai dai vfldng, N a m Hai<br /> dai vfldng va t h a n h Khdng Ld...<br /> Sfl Men dien ciia c i c di tieh thd t h i n h<br /> Khdng Lp hien nay tfl gdc dp kien trflc ed<br /> the n h a n thi'y mdt so' d i e diem cd ban sau<br /> d i y : cic di tich chfla trong tdng so' 16 cdng<br /> t r i n h kie'n true hien tdn ed t h e chia l i m ba<br /> <br /> 65<br /> <br /> loai, loai chfla ldn thudc dang chua cd bd'<br /> cue "npi cdng ngoai qud'c", dd l i nhflng<br /> chua cd sd lUdng nhieu gian (tram gian).<br /> Tieu bieu cho dang nay l i chfla Keo (Thii<br /> Binh), chfla Keo, chfla Co Le (Nam Djnh).<br /> C i c ngdi chfla dang " t r i m gian" n i y ed<br /> mpt so'die diem nhU: trong bd'cuc chfla ed<br /> 2 ldp edng, edng phia n g o i i la dang nghi<br /> mdn vdi tU c i c h l i edng cua den thd<br /> t h i n h , nghi mdn cdn dUdc gpi la dinh<br /> (dflng), bdi h a n g n i m v i o n g i y hpi khi<br /> kieu t h i n h dUde rUdc tfl eung t h i n h r a<br /> ngoii se dflng lai d day de ngfldi dan lam<br /> le. Sau nghi mdn l i T a m q u a n - mpt ddn<br /> nguyen kien true gan vdi ngdi chfla v i<br /> mang y nghia triet hpc P h i t giao cao sieu.<br /> Trong chfla ed k h u thd P h i t va thd t h i n h<br /> rieng. Ndi thd T h i n h cdn gpi l i<br /> <br /> dien<br /> <br /> t h i n h . Trung t a m cfla dien t h i n h l i ndi<br /> d i t tUdng t h a n h . Tudng thUdng dUde d i t<br /> trong mdt k h i m gd d h i u eung, chi cd<br /> khudn m a t tUdng dUdc tao h i n h tUdng ddi<br /> h o i n ehinh edn tay chan va ngUdi (nha't la<br /> ddi c h i n ) chua tao ro h i n h dang, v i n chi<br /> la mpt khuc gd (lien q u a n den c i u chuyen<br /> tae d chfla Keo - T h i i Binh). Ngoii ra,<br /> trong tdng the kien trflc cdn ed hai day<br /> n h i dpc la ta vu, hflu vu. He thd'ng c i c di<br /> vat trong chfla the hien ro t i n h chi't rieng<br /> ciia mpt ngdi chfla thd t h a n h nhfl ngai<br /> thd, k h i m thd, tfldng t h i n h , kieu rUde,<br /> b i t biiu, Id bp, nhi't la he thd'ng s i c phong<br /> - loai di vat khdng thi'y xui't Men trong<br /> c i c dang chfla k h i c . Dien h i n h nhfl khu<br /> thd t h i n h (chfla Keo - T h i i Binh) cflng ed<br /> bd'cuc nhfl khu thd P h i t bao gdm tien b i i ,<br /> d'ng mud'ng v i h i u cung tao t h i n h kieu<br /> chfl "cdng". Cac ci'u kien kien true (cot, x i ,<br /> rudng<br /> <br /> ) deu ldn hdn k h u thd P h i t . Nghe<br /> <br /> 66<br /> t h u i t t r a n g trf tren kien true cung dfldc<br /> quan t a m hdn (trfldng hdp dien thd t h i n h<br /> d chfla Ked - N a m Djnh). Phia trfldc cum<br /> kie'n true chfl ceng/khu thd t h i n h edn cd<br /> tda kien trflc gpi la tda g i i roi (d chfla Keo<br /> - T h i i Binh). D i y l i edng t r i n h d i e biet ca<br /> ve ten gpi v i chflc nang. Tda n h a n i y ed<br /> 05 gian, hai m a t trfldc sau de trd'ng tao sfl<br /> thdng t h o i n g . Thflc te cdng t r i n h kien<br /> trflc n i y dfldc dflng l i m ndi le te t h a n h<br /> trong djp l i hpi. Trong trfldng hdp d c i c<br /> ngdi chfla khdng cd g i i roi thi viee tien<br /> h i n h te t h i n h dfldc thflc Men d phfa trfldc<br /> s i n chfla bang viec dflng m i i ehe de lam<br /> ndi te t h i n h (trfldng hdp nhfl d chfla Co Le<br /> <br /> Nghien eifu Dong<br /> <br /> NaniA2/201J_<br /> <br /> mud'ng, so' lUdng tUdng ft chi gdm cd 4 ldp<br /> tupng, tren cung la ba pho tUdng T a m the,<br /> tiep de'n l i bp Di D i t a m tdn, rdi tfldng<br /> Quan Am c h u a n de va eudi cflng l i tfldng<br /> Thich Ca sd sinh. Tda h i u cung dfldc d a n h<br /> rieng de thd t h i n h v i cflng la ndi thflc<br /> Men nghi le te t h i n h v i o djp l i hpi. Tfldng<br /> t h i n h dfldc d i t d t r u n g t a m eua tda h i u<br /> eung, dfldc tao h i n h dfldi dang mpt ngfldi<br /> lam nghe c h i i Ifldi, m i n h t r a n ddng khd' cd<br /> rapt dai ao v i t cheo qua vai the Men t h i n<br /> the cfldng t r i n g , khde m a n h , tfldng ngdi<br /> t r e n ngai thd hai c h i n budng thdng khdng<br /> di giay, hai tay d i t flp t r e n dau gdi<br /> <br /> Dang nhflng chfla nhd, dien h i n h nhfl<br /> chfla Kim Q u i t , chfla T h a n h Am (Nam<br /> O nhflng ngdi chfla ed quy md vfla, d i e Djnh) khdng thi'y xui't hien nghi mdn m i<br /> biet i i tdng the kien true den - chfla chi ed t a m q u a n dfldc xay dflng k h i ddn<br /> Lfldng H i n , den thd t h i n h tpa lac d phfa gian. N g d i i ra, trdng chfla khdng cd<br /> trfldc. Den cd bd'cuc chfl "nhi't", phfa trfldc nhflng ddn nguyen kien trflc d a n h rieng<br /> cd nghi mdn dfldc xay dflng be the, phfa eho thd P h i t cung nhfl thd t h i n h , vi vay<br /> sau den la chfla Lfldng Han. Tfldng t r u y e n viee b i i tri P h i t dien d day cung ed sfl<br /> ngdi chfla trfldc day ri't ldn do chfnh k h i c biet vdi dang kie'n trflc chfla ldn da<br /> T h i n h Khdng Ld x i y dflng vao n i m 1042 neu d tren, viec s i p d i t tfldng thd thfldng<br /> v i cd thdi gian tu tai d i y . Sau khi vien dfldc bd' tri nhfl sau: d gian t r u n g t i m l i<br /> tjch, ngfldi dan mdi l i p den thd ngai d d i n h rieng de b i i trf he thd'ng tfldng P h i t ,<br /> phfa trfldc chfla. Cung chfnh vi vay, d ben t r i i P h a t dien l i b a n thd dflc t h i n h<br /> chfla Lfldng H i n khdng ed tfldng thd cua (trfldng hdp chfla T h a n h Am), d mdt dang<br /> t h i n h nhfl d cac ngdi chfla k h i c . N g i n chfla loai nhd k h i c viec b i i trf tUdng thd<br /> each gifla den v i chfla phfa sau l i cdng lai cd sU k h i c biet, t r e n cflng eua P h i t<br /> t a m quan kiem gic chudng ciia chfla.<br /> dien l i ba pho T a m the, phfa dfldi l i tfldng<br /> eiia dflc t h i n h (trfldng hdp chfla Kim<br /> Chfla Npi thupc dang chfla cd kie'n trflc<br /> Quit).<br /> khdng ldn, bd' cue theo kieu chfl "cdng"<br /> gdm tien dfldng, thieu hfldng va thfldng<br /> Diem khac biet cua nhflng ngdi chfla<br /> dien, phfa trfldc cum kien true chfl edng l i thd T h i n h n i y so vdi cae ngdi chfla k h i c<br /> edng t a m quan, n h i n vao kieu d i n g eua l i , cho dfl ed quy md ldn hay nhd thi h i n g<br /> cdng t a m q u a n ed dang the gan vdi nghi n a m deu td chflc le hpi tfldng niem dflc<br /> mdn hdn la t a m quan d eac ngdi chfla t h a n h . Le hdi dUdc td chflc vao mot ngav<br /> k h i c . Tfldng P h i t dUde b i i tri d tea d'ng n i o dd nhu: n g i y hda, ngay dflc t h i n h<br /> - Nam Djnh).<br /> <br />