CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY – ADVANCES IN NONINVASIVE IMAGING APPROACH FOR EVALUATION OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

One of the key decisions in achieving successful freezing of tissue-engineered products is the choice of cryoprotectant. Cryoprotectants minimize damage caused by ice crystal formation and should induce an amorphous state, rather than ice crystals during the cooling and warming phases. Although the use of cryoprotectants is mandatory, currently available reagents are cytotoxic to some extent. Since tissue-engineered products are larger than isolated cells, longer incubation times with cryoprotectant are necessary which may result in a lower survival rate. On the other hand, short incubation times may not allow enough cryoprotectant to penetrate relatively thick tissue-engineered products and cause ice crystallization and cell death in internal layers. The...