# OASIS OpenDocument Essentials Using OASIS OpenDocument XML- P2

Chia sẻ: Thanh Cong | Ngày: | Loại File: PDF | Số trang:98

0
43
lượt xem
4

## OASIS OpenDocument Essentials Using OASIS OpenDocument XML- P2

Mô tả tài liệu

Tham khảo tài liệu 'oasis opendocument essentials using oasis opendocument xml- p2', công nghệ thông tin, quản trị web phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả

Chủ đề:

Bình luận(0)

Lưu

## Nội dung Text: OASIS OpenDocument Essentials Using OASIS OpenDocument XML- P2

6. Chapter 5. Spreadsheets Fractions Fractions are also variants of plain numbers. Their element contains a element that has these attributes: number:min-integer-digits (number of digits in the whole number part), number:min-numerator-digits, and number:min-denominator- digits. Example 5.6, “Fraction Style for Format # ??/??” shows a style for a fraction with an optional whole number part and at least two digits in the numerator and denominator. Example 5.6. Fraction Style for Format # ??/?? Percentages A percentage is represented in much the same way as a plain number; the only differences are that • The enclosing element is instead of . • The enclosed style is followed by a element with a percent sign as its content. Example 5.7, “Percent Style for Format #,##0.00%” shows a percentage with two digits to the right of the decimal, at least one to the left, and a grouping symbol. Example 5.7. Percent Style for Format #,##0.00% % Currency Styles Currency styles are similar to number styles. Specifying a currency always creates two styles: one for negative values, and one for positive values. Example 5.8, “Currency in Format -$#,##0.00” shows the XML for a currency format of US Dollars with two digits after the decimal point, a minimum of one digit before the decimal, and a thousands separator. 98 OASIS OpenDocument Essentials 7. Spreadsheet Information in content.xml Example 5.8. Currency in Format -$#,##0.00 $- $   The formatting for positive values appears first, contained in a element.  The ’s content is the dollar sign. The number:language and number:country allow a program to distinguish the US dollar from the New Zealand dollar or Mexican new peso symbol, which look the same but have different countries and/or languages.  The number portion of the display uses the same element that we have already described[6].  For negative values, the minus sign precedes the currency symbol.  As in Example 5.4, “Number Style for format -#,##0.00 with Negative Values in Red”, a is used to choose whether to use the negative number format or the positive number format. The appearance of elements mirrors the order in which the text appears. Example 5.9, “Currency Format for Greek Drachma” shows the negative number portion of the XML for the Greek drachma. In this format, the value is shown in red, the minus sign appears first, then the number, then a blank and the letters “Δρχ.” (We are showing only the negative number specification.) [6] If you want to have a replacement for the decimal part of the number (as in 15.--), you add number:decimal-replacement="--" to the element. Using OASIS OpenDocument XML 99 8. Chapter 5. Spreadsheets Example 5.9. Currency Format for Greek Drachma - Δρχ Date and Time Styles OpenDocument applications support a large number of different formats for dates and times. Rather than explain each one in detail, it’s easier to simply compose the style you want out of parts. For dates, the enclosing element is a element, with the usual style:name attribute. The number:automatic-order attribute is used to automatically order data to match the default order for the language and country of the data. You may also set the number:format-source to fixed, to let the application determine the value of “short” and “long” representations of months, days, etc. If the value is language, then those values are taken from the language and country set in the style. Within the element are the following elements, with their significant attributes: Gives the year in two-digit form; the year 2003 appears as 03. If number:style="long" then the year appears as four digits. If number:textual="true" then the month appears as an abbreviated name; otherwise a number without a leading zero. To get the full name of the month or the month number with a leading zero, set number:style="long". The day of the week as an abbreviated name; to see the full name, use number:style="long". The day of the month as a number without a leading zero; to see leading zeros, use number:style="long". 100 OASIS OpenDocument Essentials 9. Spreadsheet Information in content.xml Which quarter of the year; in U.S. English, a date in October appears as Q4. If number:style="long", then it appears as 4th quarter. Displays which week of the year this date occurs in; thus January 1st displays as 1 and December 31st displays as 52 (or, in OpenOffice.org’s case, as 1 if there are 53 weeks in the year, as there are in 2003!) Example 5.10, “Date Styles” shows three date styles. The first will display the fourth day of the seventh month of 2005 as Monday, July 4, 2005; the second will display it as 07/04/05, and the third as 3rd Quarter 05. Example 5.10. Date Styles , , / / Time values are represented by the element. Its sub- elements are: Shows the number of hours; if you want leading zeros on hours less than ten, set number:style="long". If a duration is more than 24 hours, it will be displayed mod 24. If you do not want this to happen, then set number:truncate-on-overflow="false" on the element. Displays the number of minutes without a leading zero; if you want two digits, set number:style="long". Using OASIS OpenDocument XML 101 10. Chapter 5. Spreadsheets Displays the number of seconds without a leading zero; if you want two digits, set number:style="long". If you wish to see decimal fractions of a second, then add a number:decimal-places attribute whose value is the number of decimal places you want. This empty element inserts the appropriate am or pm (in the selected locale). Example 5.11, “Time Style” shows the style required to display a time in the format 09:02:34 AM Example 5.11. Time Style : : Note A element may also specify hours, minutes, and seconds. Internationalizing Number Styles An OpenDocument-compatible application gets its cues for displaying numbers from the current language setting. You may set the display of a number to a specific language and country by adding the number:language and number:country attributes to a element. Thus, to make a date display in Korean format, you would start the specification as follows: 년 월 일 102 OASIS OpenDocument Essentials 11. Spreadsheet Information in content.xml Cell Styles Finally, each different style of cell has its own element. If the cell contains text, then it will contain a element that describes its border, background color, font, alignment, etc. If it contains a number, then the style contains a reference to one of the previously established number styles. Example 5.12, “Style for a Numeric Cell” shows the XML for the cell containing the time style shown in Example 5.11, “Time Style”. Example 5.12. Style for a Numeric Cell Table Content Let us now turn our attention to the table content, which is contained in content.xml, inside the element. Each sheet is stored as a separate . Its table:name attribute is the name that will appear on the spreadsheet tab, and the table:style-name attribute refers to a table style as described in the section called “Styles for the Sheet as a Whole”. Columns and Rows The element contains a series of elements to describe each of the columns in the table. These each have a table:style-name attribute whose value refers to a with that name. If several consecutive columns all have the same style, then a table:number-columns-repeated attribute tells how many times it is repeated. A hidden column will have its table:visibility attribute set to collapse. Example 5.13, “Table Columns in a Spreadsheet” shows the XML for the columns of a table with eight columns. The second and last columns have the same style, and there are three identical columns before the last one. Example 5.13. Table Columns in a Spreadsheet Using OASIS OpenDocument XML 103 12. Chapter 5. Spreadsheets The column specifications are followed by the elements. These also have a table:style-name attribute referring to a with a style:family="table-row". If the row is duplicated, then the table:number-rows-repeated gives the repetition count. A hidden row has table:visibility set to collapse. String Content Table Cells Within the table row are the entries. If the cell contains a string, then the cell will contain a child element that contains the text, as in the following example: Federico Gutierrez Numeric Content in Table Cells Cells that contain numbers also contain a that shows the display form of the value. The actual value is stored in the element with two attributes: office:value-type and office:value. These are related as described in Table 5.1, “office:value-type and office:value”. Table 5.1. office:value-type and office:value office:value- office:value type Used for pure numbers, fractions, and scientific notation. The value is stored float without a decimal point if the value is an integer; otherwise . is used as the decimal point. percentage A display value of 45.6% is stored as 0.456. The value is stored using . as a decimal point, with no currency symbol. There currency is an additional table:currency attribute that contains an abbreviation such as USD or GRD. The value is stored in a office:date-value attribute rather than a office:value. If it contains a simple date, it is stored in the form yyyy- date mm-dd; if there is both a day and a time, it is stored in the form yyyy-mm- ddThh:mm:ss. The value is stored in a office:time-value attribute rather than a time office:value. The value is stored in the form PThhHmmMss,ffffS (where ffff is the fractional part of a second). Note The content of the element is provided as a convenience for programs that wish to harvest the displayed values. OpenOffice.org will display cell contents based upon the office:value and office:value-type only, ignoring the content of the cell’s . 104 OASIS OpenDocument Essentials 13. Table Content Putting it all Together Figure 5.3, “Spreadsheet Showing Various Data Types” shows a simple spreadsheet with the default language set to Dutch (Netherlands). Figure 5.3. Spreadsheet Showing Various Data Types Showing you the actual XML would be more confusing than illuminating. Instead, we’ve boiled down the linkage to Figure 5.4, “Spreadsheet Showing Number Style Linkages”, starting at a table cell. Figure 5.4. Spreadsheet Showing Number Style Linkages • If you have a table:style-name, then that’s the style for that cell. • If you don’t have a table:style-name, then the column this cell is in leads you indirectly to the style via its corresponding . • In either case, you end up at a element whose style:data-style-name attribute leads you to … • A that tells you how the cell should be formatted. Using OASIS OpenDocument XML 105 14. Chapter 5. Spreadsheets Formula Content in Table Cells Formula cells contain a table:formula attribute. Within the table:formula attribute, references to individual cells or cell ranges are enclosed in square brackets. Relative cell names are expressed in the form sheetname.cellname. Thus, a reference to cell A3 in the current spreadsheet will appear as [.A3], and a reference to cell G17 in a spreadsheet named Sheet2 will appear as [Sheet2.G17]. The range of cells from G3 to K7 in the current spreadsheet appear as [.G3:.K7]. Absolute cell names simply have the preceding on them, much as you would enter them in OpenOffice.org. Thus, an absolute reference to cell C4 in the current spreadsheet would be written as [.$C$4]. Depending upon the return type of the formula, the table cell will contain appropriate office:value and office:value-type attributes. Example 5.14, “Return Types from Formulas” shows the result of three formulas; the first returns a simple number, the second returns a string showing roman numerals, and the third produces a time value from the contents of three cells. Example 5.14. Return Types from Formulas 137 CVII 10:05:48 AM According to the specification, an OpenDocument-compatible application should depend only upon the formula to generate its display. A program could generate a spreadsheet that would display identically to the preceding example when opened in OpenOffice.org, using only the information shown in Example 5.15, “Minimal Formulas”. Example 5.15. Minimal Formulas 106 OASIS OpenDocument Essentials