Đặc điểm nhân khẩu – điều trị, bệnh kèm và các yếu tố lâm sàng ở bệnh nhân đái tháo đường típ 2 đang sử dụng metformin tại Bệnh viện Đại học Y Dược Thái Bình giai đoạn 2024–2025

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) represents a growing global health challenge, particularly in developing countries like Vietnam. Metformin is widely recognized as a first-line therapeutic agent for T2DM due to its efficacy in glycemic control and potential cardiovascular benefits. However, the effectiveness and real-world application of Metformin are influenced by various factors, including patient demographics, comorbidities, treatment adherence, and local clinical practices. Understanding these specific characteristics within regional contexts is crucial for optimizing treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes. This study therefore aims to describe the demographic characteristics, treatment patterns, associated comorbidities, and key clinical factors in T2DM patients utilizing Metformin at Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital.

Medical professionals, endocrinologists, general practitioners, and researchers involved in diabetes care, particularly in Vietnam and similar developing regions, as well as healthcare policymakers.

This cross-sectional descriptive study investigated the clinical characteristics, comorbidities, and current treatment regimens among 400 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) receiving Metformin therapy at Thai Binh University Hospital between June 2024 and May 2025. Data encompassing demographics, disease characteristics, medication usage, and lifestyle factors were collected and analyzed. The findings indicate that the study population was predominantly elderly, with a mean age of 68.4 years, and comprised 51.2% females. A striking observation was the high prevalence of chronic comorbidities, particularly dyslipidemia (94.1%) and hypertension (61.8%), underscoring the significant disease burden in this patient group in Thai Binh. Most patients (70.0%) had been on Metformin for over five years, with a substantial proportion (68.2%) receiving a daily dose exceeding 1500 mg. Combination therapy was widely adopted (87.5%), with Sulfonylurea being the most frequently co-administered drug (90.9%), while newer agents like SGLT2 inhibitors were less common. High rates of adherence to diet (91.0%) and exercise (89.0%) were also noted. The study concludes that T2DM patients treated with Metformin at Thai Binh University Hospital are typically older and present with multiple chronic comorbidities, particularly dyslipidemia and hypertension. The prevailing treatment regimen involves high-dose Metformin combined with Sulfonylurea, which highlights a potential gap between current local practice and international guidelines that prioritize cardiovascular and renal protective drugs for high-risk patients. These findings emphasize the critical need for comprehensive management beyond glycemic control, focusing on associated comorbidities to improve long-term outcomes for this vulnerable population.