Mô hình hành vi thông tin

MO HINH HANH VI THONG TIN<br /> ThS. Bui Ha PhuUng<br /> Khoa Thtf vien • Thdng tin hoc, Oai hpe KHXH&NV Tp. HCM<br /> Tdm tdt<br /> <br /> Hanh vitiidngtin^ mgt phin nginh tivng linh vifc khoa hgc Ihdngtinva la mgt linh vyc lien nginh<br /> v& nhteu quan di&n khac nhau r^ift^ly<br /> hgc nhantiiij/c,hinh vi tn chut, truyen thdng, triit hgc, nhin<br /> chiing hgc, s'nh hgc vi bi& hgc tiSi hoa, bong do co khoa hgctitUv^n- thdngtin.Bat wS gftjjtiii$umd<br /> so md hinh hanh vi tiidng tin tir mgt so quan di&n ti^ dn khac nhau. Y nghia cua nghOn aiU md hi<br /> hanh vi thdngtintrong ho^ adng thUviin - thdng tin.<br /> Tif khoi: Thtf vign, hanh vi thdng tin, md hinh, ngudi dung tin.<br /> NoSiatX:<br /> <br /> Hanh vitiidngtinla mgt phin nginh tiong linh vyt khoa hpc Uidngtinvi la mdt Ifnh viiC HSn ngan<br /> v& nhiiu quan a&n khac nhau nhu tim ly hgc nh$n tiidt, hinh vltS chtit, tiuyen tiidng, bi^ hgc, nhan<br /> diiing hoc, ^nh hgc vi triS hgctienhoi, trong dd cd Idioa hoctiiiTvien - thdngtin.Bii vi& gidi thi$u md<br /> so md tnnh hanh vi tiidng tint^mgtsS quan di&n ti^ cin khac nhau. 9 ngha cua nghiin citu md hlnh<br /> hinh vltiidngtintrong hoat dgng thu vi^ • thdng bn.<br /> Keywords: Ubraries, informatian behaviour, models, information users.<br /> <br /> N<br /> <br /> gdy nay, hdnh vi ttidng ttn (HVTT) Id mpt<br /> phdn ngdnh bong linh vyt khoa hpc thdng<br /> tin va Id mpt Iinh vyc lign ngdnh vdi nhieu<br /> quan dilm khdc nhau nhtf tdm ly hpc nhdn thut,<br /> hanh vi tddiiit, buygnttidng,bilt hpc^ nhdn chiing<br /> hpc, sinh hpc vd tria hpe tien hod, trong dd c6<br /> khoa hpcttitfvign -ttidngtin.Thudt ngff HVTT xua<br /> hign ttf nhung ndm 1990 v * nguon goc khdi nigm<br /> nhu du tin, stf dyng ttidng tin da cd tii" nhuhg<br /> ndm 1960 [1]. Nhieu nhd nghUn aiu v^ HVTT da<br /> tip ttung ttf dinh hudng hgttiongd&i djnh h u ^<br /> ngudi dCingtin(NDT). Trong nhQng ndm 1970, cdc<br /> nghign aiu bdt ddu nhSn mgnh d€n yeu ^ c d nhdn<br /> nhtf ngudi tim kiem vd stf dung thdng tin.<br /> HVTT la thudt ngff diing d l md td cddi thtfc<br /> con ngudi bftjng tdc vdi ttiong ttn, ttf each con<br /> ngudi Bm kiem, khaittidc,dipn lpc, stf dyng, dila<br /> s l vd tdi tgo ttiflng Hn. HVTT la toan bd hdnh vi<br /> con ngutfi liin quan d&i thdng tin, bao gom hdnh<br /> vi ttiy ddng vd vd y nhy ngSu nhign g^pttidngtin,<br /> ding nhtf hanh vi aS mye (Ttch ma khdng IHn quan<br /> d&i tim kiSn, nhtf chii ddng ttanh ttidng tin [2].<br /> <br /> HVTT cd t h l cd y ttitfc hay tiem ttitfc, bilu hi§n<br /> hay tiem In, ty nguyen hay bSt bupc, Id hdnh vi<br /> ed t h l dan xen vdl cdc hogt dpng hdng ngay ciia<br /> mSi ngtfdi. Nhtf v|y, HVTT Id mdt ttiu§t ngff vdi<br /> nghta rdng bao triim cac khia cgnh khdc nhau ciia<br /> hdnh vl con ngudi lien quan din thdng tin.<br /> Md hinh hdnh vi thong tin<br /> HVTT la m$t ITnh vyc nghign CIJ\J bong khoa<br /> hpc ttitf vign - ttidng tin, nghign eutf todn bd hdnh<br /> vi cua con ngtfdi liin quan den ttidng tin, bao gSm<br /> diii dpng vd bj ddng, bang ttidi tinh thiSn biaj hign<br /> ben ngodi hay tiem In lien quan den ttidng tin, L^<br /> thuya vd md hinh HVTT thtfdng t|p bung vao<br /> mpt trong ba khfa cgnh Idn oia HVTT, dd Id tim<br /> kiem ttidng tin, dypc hilu nhtf tim tin, ba ctfu tin,<br /> khai thac thdng tin vd hilu bia ttidng tin; khia<br /> cgnh ttitf hai Id td chut ttidng tin vd ttitf ba Id stf<br /> dyng thdng tin. Mdc dii vgy, cd ba khia cgnh ndy<br /> lign quan chdt die viH nhau md khdng cd sy tdch<br /> bia vd phdn djnh qud ldn.<br /> Moi md hinh HVTT dSu t h l hign quan dilm<br /> tilp cdn khdc nhau, tuy vdy, cdc md hlnh d3u nhSn<br /> <br /> mgnh dai cac khfa canh tigu bieu ciia cac giai<br /> dogn trong md hinh. Cac quan ffiem tiep cgn bao<br /> gom quan diem hanh vi, quan diim nhdn ttiiit hdnh vi, quan d'lem nhdn ttiiit - tinh cam va quan<br /> diem b'di h ^ .<br /> <br /> Mfi hinh nay cho thdy, cdc moi lien he chi tia<br /> hay tutfng xx giua cac ttianh phan trong bdt ky<br /> mfi htnh hanh vi tim kian ttifing tin cua ea nhan<br /> phy thupc vao bihg hoan cdnh nhat dinh cua hoat<br /> dpng tim kian thmg tin tai thdi dian cy the.<br /> <br /> Md hinh hanh vi<br /> <br /> /T\<br /> <br /> i<br /> <br /> \±,<br /> <br /> M6 hinh Blis [8]<br /> Md hinh hdnh vi tim kiem thfing tin ciia tae gia<br /> Ellis [8] bao gom 6 ddc dilm chung. Nhffng ddc<br /> diem nay dtfde mfi td dya b-gn nhihig nghign eiili<br /> ve cdc nhd khoa hpc xa hdi, nhd vgt ly, nhd hod<br /> hpc, ky stf vd cdc nhd nghidn ctfu bong mfit nha<br /> i n d j ^ u ddc d-tem khai qudt cOa md hinh nay<br /> ^ ^ ^ ^ 1 khdi ddu (Slatting), xau diuoi (Chaining),<br /> Itfft (Browsing), phdn bia (Differentiating), kiem<br /> tra (Monitoring), bich Ipc (btbacting), xac ttiyt<br /> (Verifying) vd k a ttiiic (Ending).<br /> - Khdi dau (Starting): Xdc djnh ngufin tim phii<br /> hyp.<br /> - Xdu chu5i (Chaining): Theo dfii vd ket noi<br /> nguon mdi duljc tim ttiay ttong nguon tim ban<br /> dSu (quay trd Igi hodc tiep bjc).<br /> - Ludt (Browsing): Nhin ludt npi dung cua cdc<br /> ngudn tim bdng cdch nhin ludt qua mye lye, bdng<br /> tra, chii d§, nhan de...<br /> - Phdn bigt (Differentiating): Trfch Ipc vd ddnh<br /> gid edc nguon tim hOy dyng vd lyS chpn ngudn<br /> tim bdng cdch phan b'ch sy khac bigt giiia bdn<br /> ChSt bf nhign vd chit lu^ng ma ttiong tin mang<br /> lgi.<br /> - Kilm tta (Monitoring): d p nh|t ehii dg dio<br /> ttudc bdng cdch kHm tia ttitfdng xuyln nguon<br /> tim chfnh.<br /> - Trich Ipc (Exbacting): Ldm vigc mpt cdch he<br /> ttidng ttifing qua mdt ngufin tim tdi ligu da ed.<br /> - Xdc ttiyt (VferilVing): Mlm ba b'nh chfnh xdc<br /> eua thi^ig tin.<br /> - Kattwic(Ending): Quattinhtimki&n ka tiiiic<br /> <br /> T3P chITHlL«l|!L5HEUlM1<br /> <br /> P!<br /> Mo hinh hanh vi Oidng hn<br /> aia