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Ngôn ngữ lập trình UML

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Tài liệu giáo trình phân tích hệ thống với UML

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Nội dung Text: Ngôn ngữ lập trình UML

  1. Architecture and the UML
  2. Models, Views, and Diagrams A model is a complete description of a system from a particular State perspective State Diagrams Class Diagrams Use Case Diagrams Use Case Diagrams State Use Case Use Case Diagrams State Diagrams Use Case Diagrams Object Diagrams Diagrams Sequence Diagrams Diagrams Diagrams Scenario State Scenario Diagrams State Diagrams Collaboration Diagrams Models Component Diagrams Diagrams Diagrams Scenario Component Scenario Diagrams Component Diagrams Deployment Statechart Diagrams Diagrams Diagrams Diagrams Activity Diagrams
  3. Use Case Model Use Case Diagrams Use Case Use Case Views Views Class Object Diagrams Diagrams Analysis Analysis Views Views Component Diagrams Design Design Deployment Views Views Diagrams Sequence Depl. Depl. Diagrams Views Views Collaboration Impl. Impl. Diagrams Views Views Statechart Diagrams Test Test Views Views Activity Diagrams
  4. Analysis & Design Model Use Case Diagrams Use Case Use Case Model Views Class Object Diagrams Diagrams Analysis Analysis Model Views Component Diagrams Incl. subsystems and packages Design Design Deployment Model Views Diagrams Sequence Depl. Depl. Diagrams Model Views Collaboration Impl. Impl. Diagrams Model Views Statechart Diagrams Test Test Model Views Activity Diagrams
  5. Deployment and Implementation Model Use Case Diagrams Use Case Use Case Model Views Class Object Diagrams Diagrams Analysis Analysis Model Views Component Diagrams Design Design Deployment Model Views Diagrams Incl. active classes Sequence and components Depl. Depl. Diagrams Model Views Collaboration Impl. Impl. Diagrams Model Views Statechart Diagrams Test Test Model Views Activity Diagrams
  6. Test Model Use Case Diagrams Use Case Use Case Model Views Class Object Diagrams Diagrams Analysis Analysis Model Views Component Diagrams Design Design Deployment Model Views Diagrams Test model refers to all other models and Sequence Depl. Depl. Diagrams Model Views uses corresponding diagrams Collaboration Impl. Impl. Diagrams Model Views Statechart Diagrams Test Test Model Views Activity Diagrams
  7. Use case - functions of a system from the user's point of view Sequence diagrams -illustrates object interactions arranged in a time sequence. Class diagrams -static structure in terms of classes and relationships Activity diagrams -behavior of an operation as a set of actions State chart diagrams -behavior of a class in terms of states Collaboration diagrams -spatial representation of objects, links, and interactions Object diagrams -objects and their relationships and correspond to (simplified collaboration diagrams that do not represent message broadcasts) Component diagrams -physical components of an application Deployment diagrams -deployment of components on particular pieces of hardware
  8. Actors An actor is someone or some thing that must interact with the system under development Buyerr seller Tranc coord Security system
  9. Use Cases A use case is a pattern of behavior the system exhibits - Each use case is a sequence of related transactions performed by an actor and the system in a dialogue Actors are examined to determine their needs - Buyer – post an rfq - seller – respond to rfq Principal actors Secondary actors - Data validator – validate External hardware - Dep manager -- deploy Other systems post an rfq Validate deploy
  10. Use Cases A flow of events document is created for each use cases - Written from an actor point of view Details what the system must provide to the actor when the use cases is executed Typical contents - How the use case starts and ends - Normal flow of events - Alternate flow of events - Exceptional flow of events
  11. Uses and Extends Use Case Relationships As the use cases are documented, other use case relationships may be discovered - A uses relationship shows behavior that is common to one or more use cases - An extends relationship shows optional behavior - Communicates shows specific functions Post an rfq Logon validation validate
  12. Use Case Realizations The use case diagram presents an outside view of the system Interaction diagrams describe how use cases are realized as interactions among societies of objects Two types of interaction diagrams - Sequence diagrams - Collaboration diagrams
  13. Sequence Diagram A sequence diagram displays object interactions arranged in a time sequence : Buyer registration registration profile form manager section 1 1: fill in info 2: submit 3: add user 4: add interests 5: save information 6: add info 7: add
  14. Class Diagrams A class diagram shows the existence of classes and their relationships in the logical view of a system UML modeling elements in class diagrams - Classes and their structure and behavior - Association, aggregation, dependency, and inheritance relationships - Multiplicity and navigation indicators - Role names
  15. Classes A class is a collection of objects with common structure, common behavior, common relationships and common semantics Classes are found by examining the objects in sequence and collaboration diagram A class is drawn as a rectangle with three compartments Classes should be named using the vocabulary of the domain - Naming standards should be created - e.g., all classes are singular nouns starting with a capital letter
  16. Classes 1. Attributes and Operations 2. Stereotype 3. Visibility of Attributes and Operations «signal» transaction within a state machine. «interface» description of visible operations. «metaclass»The class of a class «utility»A class reduced to the concept of module
  17. Extensibility Mechanisms Stereotype Tagged value Constraint
  18. Common Elements
  19. Common Mechanisms
  20. Data Types Packages
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