Thúc đẩy sự phát triển của các hình thức thương mại điện tử hiện đại trên thị trường nông thôn

J^<br /> P H A T TRIEN KINH TE<br /> tOCNOMC R^Vt^OfKBNI H P * * So 253, Thang Mttdl Mpt nam 2011<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ^ sP<br /> THUC DAY Sl/ PHAT TRIEN CUA CAC HINH THl/C<br /> THi/dNG MAI HIEN DAI TREN THI TRl/OfNG NONG THON<br /> PGS.TS. BUI HCTU DCTC*<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Ngodi hinh thdc thidmg mqi truyen thdng phd biin Id cdc chp ndng thdn, tren thi<br /> tni&ng ndng thdn (TTNT) nii&c ta hifn nay dd bdt ddu xuiit hi^n cdc hinh th&c<br /> thiicfng mqi hifn dqi nhii sieu thi, trung tdm thiicfng mqi... Tuy sd liipng cdc hinh<br /> thOc thiUmg mqi hifn dqi ndy cbn khd khi&m tdn, song nd dd gdp phdn tUng bii&c<br /> thay ddi bg m^t TTNT.<br /> Bdi viit ndy tqp trung phdn tick ldm ro ca s& khoa hgc vd thi/ic tien cuo, nhu cdu<br /> phdt triin cdc hinh th&c thiiOng mqi hifn dqi (sieu thi, trung tdm thiidng mgi...) tren<br /> TTNT; khdi qudt thylc trgng phdt triin cdc hinh th&c thiicfng mgi hifn dgi tren TTNT<br /> niidc ta th&i gian qua, tii dd de xudt mgt so gidi phdp phdt triin cdc hinh th&c<br /> thiiOng mgi ndy trong th&i gian t&i, gop phdn Hep tgc phdt trien TTNT trong dieu<br /> kifn mdi.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> 1. Nhu ciu phat triln cac hinh thii'C thilUng ndng thdn edn ed mttc tbu nhdp thd'p, nhiftig thu<br /> nhap trung binh cua ngttdi ddn ndng thdn dang<br /> mfi hien dpi trin TTNT<br /> dan dttgc cai thien ddng kl, nhd't Id ett ddn tai<br /> Viec hinh thdnh vd phdt triln cdc hinh thttc ede khu vttc thi trdn, thi ttt vd nhQhg ngttdi ddn<br /> thttong mai bien dai tren TTNT Id mdt yeu cau ndng thdn cd stt ndng ddng, thich tthg nhanh vdi<br /> tat ylu khdch quan trong qud trinh cing nghidp CO ehl thi trttdng.<br /> hda, bien dai hda ndng nghiep, ndng thdn, httdng Hon 70% dan so' VN bien nay sd'ng d khu<br /> din viec thiJfc bien thdnh cdng chttong trinh xdy vttc ndng thdn nhiftig thi trttdng bdn le tai khu<br /> diftig ndng thdn mdi theo tinh thdn cua Quyet vttc ndy chtta dttgc cdc doanh nghiep quan tdm<br /> dinh so 491/QD-TTg ngay 16/4/2009 cua Thu tudng dau ttt, khai thdc tttOng xttlig vdi tilm ndng.<br /> Chinh phu. Dilu ndy cd the duge ly giai qua cdc co Trong Idii dd, Tbii tttdng Cbinb phii vtta ky quyd't<br /> sd khoa bgc vd thttc tien nhtt: dinb phl duylt Dl dn "Phdt triln thttong mai<br /> Mac dil mang Ittdi chg ndng thdn truyin ndng thdn giai d o ^ 2010-2015 vd dinh httdng<br /> thd'ng dttgc binh thdnh ttt khd Idu vd Id nod trao din ndm 2020", theo dd, Nhd nttdc se dau ttt<br /> doi, mua ban hdng hod quen thude eiia ngttdi ddn khoang 9.126 ty ding eho phdt trien thttong mai<br /> ndng thdn, nbtttig trong giai doan phdt triln mdi, ndng thdn vdi muc tieu: De'n ndm 2020, tat ea cdc<br /> ne'u cbi tap trung phdt triln mang Ittdi chg ndng xd diu ed chg dat chudn theo tieu cbi ndng thon<br /> thdn se khong the thoa man nhu cdu trao dli, mdi vd 80% so thi trail cd binh thttc to chttc phdn<br /> mua bdn hdng hod ngdy cdng tdng cao do qud<br /> phd'i quy md nhd vd vtta. Cdc doanh nghiep khi<br /> tnnh phdt triln san xudt n i n g nghidp tbeo<br /> md rdng mang Ittdi kinh doanh d ndng thdn co<br /> httdng san xud't bang hod ldn, stt phdt trien eua<br /> t h i dttgc httdng nbOiig cbinh sach UU dai vl tbue,<br /> cdng nghiep, tieu tbu cdng nghiep, dich vu trdn<br /> tin dung, ddc biet Id dttgc chuan bi chu ddo ve co<br /> dia ban ndng thdn. Mac du nhieu hd gia dinh<br /> sd ha tang.. Tat ca nhtthg ly do tren chinh la ca<br /> <br /> <br /> PHAT TRIEN THUONG MAI<br /> VA DICH vy TAI V l | T NAM * TrUdng Dai hgc ThUdng mai<br />  P H A T T R I E N KINH TE<br /> So 253, Thang Mttdi Mot nam 2011<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> sd de cae cdc doanh nghidp tin tttdng vao tiem Phdng, Dd Ndng... Gan day, cdc nha dau ttt trong<br /> ndng day trien vgng ciia thi trttdng bdn le ndng vd ngodi nttdc ed xu httdng md rdng sang cac iinh,<br /> thdn, ttt dd quan tdm dau ttt ve khu vttc ndng thdnh khde. Cdc doanh nghiep bdn le dd chu y<br /> thdn, phdt triln cac hinb thttc tbttOng mai bien md rdng mang Ittdi bdn le, be thd'ng sieu thi, etta<br /> dai tren TTNT. hang tien ieh, trung tam tbttOng mai. Nlu d thdi<br /> Tbifc t l cbo thd'y, d nhttng vung ndng thdn dilm ndm 2007-2008, ca nttdc ehi cd khoang 200-<br /> da xua't bien cdc binh thttc tbttOng mai hien dai 250 sieu thi, trung tam tbttOng mai; din bet nam<br /> (d khu vttc edc tbi xd, tbi tran), cung vdi stt phdt 2010 dd cd gan 571 sieu tbi, trung tam thttong<br /> trien eua mang Ittdi chg ndng thdn tao ra stt k i t mai, trong dd cac DN dau itt nttdc ngodi cd 23<br /> hgp bdi hod gitta edc binh thttc tbttOng mai irung tdm tbttOng mai vd 26 sieu thi. Nhieu chg<br /> truyen thing vd hien dai. Vide trao doi, mua ban dau md'i bdn budn, he thd'ng ban le da dttgc xay<br /> bdng bod qua cdc etta bdng ttt chgn, sieu tbi, dttng, ca nttdc de'n nay da ed 8.500-9.000 chg cac<br /> trung tdm thttong mai.. da gdp phdn thay doi loai; phttgng thttc kinh doanh hien dai phdt triln<br /> ddng ke boat ddng thttong mai tren dia bdn, ddp nhanh, din nay cd ttt 20% de'n 23% Ittgng' hdng<br /> tthg nbu cau phdt triln kinh t l xd bdi, phdt hod IttU thdng tbeo phuong thttc ndy, trong dd cd<br /> trien TTNT. nhieu doanh nghiep ban le ldn nhtt Saigon Co.op,<br /> Qud trinb dd thi bod, bien dai bod ndng Ting cdng ty tbttOng mai Ha Ndi, Tong cdng ty<br /> thdn, xdy diftig ndng thdn mdi da vd dang ddt ra thttcfng mai Sdi (jbn, Cdng iy dien may Nguyin<br /> yeu cau hinh tbanh va phdt trien cdc hinh thttc Kim, Cdng ty CP Nha't Nam, Tap doan Phu<br /> thuong mai hien dai de gdp phan thay doi bg mat Thai...[l]<br /> ndng thdn, thuc day phat triln kinh te xa hgi Khu vttc ndng ihdn da bdt dau ihu hut dttgc stt<br /> ndng thdn trong dieu kien mdi. quan tam cua cac doanh nghiep irong chien- IttOc<br /> Ttt dd, phdt triln cac hinh thttc thttcfng mai phdt trien mang Ittdi ban le hien dai nhUhg nhin<br /> hien dai tren TTNT da trd thdnh mdt nhu cau, chung so lugng cac doanh nghiep quan idm de'n<br /> mdt xu httdng ta't yeu, ddi hdi stt quan tam khu vttc nay cdn khd khiem ton. Theo ihong iin<br /> nghien cttU eua nhieu cap, nhieu ngdnh cung nhu ciia Trung idm nghien cttu va hd irg doanh<br /> cdc chii the kinh doanh tren TTNT hien nay. nghiep (BSA): Dd'i vdi doanh nghiep dang hoai<br /> dgng d VN, so Ittgng doanh nghiep dugc xem la<br /> 2. Khai quat th^c trfng pliat trien cac hinh ihanh cdng nhai irong khai ibac TTNT chi ed<br /> thurc thOiorng m^i hiin d^i trin TTNT niTdc ta khoang itt 10 de'n 15, chu ye'u la cac doanh<br /> thfll gian qua nghiep san xuai, kinh doanh hdng tieu dung<br /> nhanh nhtt: Unilever, P&G, ICP, Pepsico VN,<br /> TTNT VN hien dang chiem khoang 70% lugng<br /> Coca Cola VN, Tan Hiep Phat, Vinamilk, Kinh<br /> tieu thu hang hda ndi chung. Tuy nhien, tren<br /> Do, My Hdo, Vina Acecook.. vdi doanh so' bdn le<br /> thife te, be thd'ng ban bdng cua cdc doanh nghiep<br /> tai day eung ehi chiem khoang 20-25%' tong<br /> VN bien vdn chtta phii kin vd boat ddng cd hieu<br /> doanh so ciia cdng ty, cdn lai da so la hang Viei<br /> qua d thi trttdng ndy. Ca nttdc hien cd hon 400<br /> dia phttong, hdng Trung Qud'c, khdng nhan mac<br /> sieu thi, trung tam thttong mai thi hau h i t tap<br /> [2].<br /> trung tai cdc thdnh pho, tbi xd.<br /> Trong so cdc doanh nghiep VN dang md rgng<br /> Thdi gian trttde day, khi md rgng he thd'ng<br /> mang Ittdi ve ndng thdn, phai nhac de'n Saigon<br /> sieu thi, trung tam thttong mai, cdc doanh nghiep<br /> Co.op vdi 20/38 sieu ihi irai rdng d cdc iinh thugc<br /> bdn le cbii ye'u nhdm vdo thi trttdng thdnh pho<br /> khu vttc mien Nam vd mien Trung. Nam 2009;<br /> noi cd sttc mua ldn nhtt TP.HCM, Ha Ngi, Hai<br /> Saigon Co.op da khai irttong sieu ihi Co.opMari<br /> <br /> <br /> PHAT TRIEN T H U O N G MAI<br /> VA DjCH vg TAI VIET NAM<br />  PHAT TRIEN KINH TE<br /> So 253, Thdnq MUdi Mot nam 2011<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> iai Trung idm tbttOng mai chg Thanh Hd, TP Big C tai Hul, vdi ting vd'n len tdi 300 ty dong.<br /> Phan Rang, tinb Ninh Thudn Id siiu thj ibtt 38 Nhtt vdy, sau 11 ndm cd mdi tai tbi trttdng VN,<br /> eiia he thing Co.opMari vd Id sidu tbi thtt 18 tai Big C dd ed 9 siiu ibi vd bien dien d cdc thi<br /> cdc tinb cua Saigon Co.op. Tbeo k l boaeb irong trttdng TP.HCM, Hd Ndi, Hdi Phong, Dd Nang,<br /> ndm 2009, don vi se ddu ttt thdm 12 sidu ihi trdn Ding Nai vd Hul.<br /> khap cd nttdc, vdi ting vd'n khoang 500 iy ding. Cdc CO quan quan ly nhd nttdc dia phuong<br /> Dtt kiln din ndm 2015, Saigon Co.op se md sidu cung dd ed stt quan idm din vide phdt triln cac<br /> tbi khdp edc tinb thdnh irong cd nttdc [3]. hinh ihttc thttong mai bien dai trdn TTNT. Tinh<br /> Mdi doanh nghidp khde Id Ting cing iy Thai Binh Id m | i vi du cu the: Ndm 2008, Sd<br /> thttong mai Hd Ndi sau 4 ndm xdy dttng h i thing Thttong mai & Du lich Thdi Binh da xdy dUhg<br /> bdn le mang thttcfng bi^u Hapro Mart eung da md quy hoach phdt trien bd thing sidu thi, trung<br /> mdt so sieu tbi, cda bdng tidn ieh tai cdc tinb Bdc tdm ihuong mai trdn dia bdn tinb Thdi Binb giai<br /> Kan, Tbanh Hda, Thdi Binh, Htthg Yen... Cbi doan 2008-2015 vd dinb httdng din nam 2020.<br /> rieng tai Hd Ndi, theo k l hoach trong nSm 2011, Bdng 1. S6 ittdng cdc hinh thttc thttOng mai hi$n<br /> Hapro se khdi cdng xdy dimg trung tdm phdn d9l trdn dja bdn tinh Thai Binh va quy hoach<br /> phd'i vd mua sdm Hd N | i Shopping Outlet tai Hdi phdt tri^n d^n ndm 2015 va 2020<br /> Bd'i Bdc Thdng Long vd Trung tdm mua sdm Ha<br /> Hinh thttc<br /> Ndi tai DttOng Xd Gia Ldm; xdy dttng mdi 5 So' Ittgng De'n nam Den nam<br /> thttong m^i<br /> trung tdm thttong mai loai vtta, ed quy md dien nam 2008 2015 2020<br /> hi$n dai<br /> tich xdy dimg td'i thieu 1.000 m^/irung tam. Ben<br /> 1. Sieu thi 04 41 78<br /> canh viec khdi cdng xdy dttng cae trung tdm mua<br /> Tren dja bdn cdc<br /> sdm, Hapro se khai trttOng dtta vdo stt dimg 10 0 31 53<br /> huyen<br /> sieu thi cd quy md td'i thilu 1.000 m^/sieu thi; 2. Trung tam<br /> 01 14 21<br /> phdt trien chudi ctta hdng kinh doanh rau, thttc thuong mai<br /> pham an todn mang tbttOng hidu Haprofood itt 30 Tren dja bdn cdc<br /> 0 9 14<br /> diem len 70 diem [4]. Nhtt vdy, trong ehiln Ittgc huyen<br /> phdt trien cua minh, Hapro da bttdc dau chu y Ngudn: [3]<br /> din viec phdt triln mang Ittdi bdn lc tren TTNT.<br /> He thing sieu thi, trung tdm thttong mai tren<br /> Mdt s l doanh nghiep khde nhtt be thing sieu thi<br /> dia bdn tinb Thai Binh hien nay tap trung chii<br /> Citimart vd Maximark tai TP.HCM cung dd dau<br /> ylu d TP. Thdi Binb, edn cac tbi tran, tbi ttt,<br /> ttt edc trung idm tbttOng mai vd sidu tbi kinb<br /> trung tdm, cdc huyen ly vd dgc theo tuyen dttdng<br /> doanh d mdt s l tinh nhtt Khdnh Hda, Ding<br /> giao thdng chinb mdi cbi binh thdnh edc ctta<br /> Thdp... Cdc doanh nghidp 100% vd'n nttdc ngodi<br /> hdng tien icb quy md nhd, tuy nhien cdc ctta<br /> nhtt Big C, Metro eung khdng dtthg ngodi cudc.<br /> bdng ndy cung Id co sd cho viec phdt triln cac<br /> Tap jdodn phdn phd'i Metro Cash & Carry sau khi<br /> sieu thi trong tttong lai. Tbeo quy hoach, trong<br /> xdy dttng 8 trung tdm bdn budn ldn tai TP.HCM,<br /> giai doan din ndm 2015, trong 7 huyen va 1<br /> Hd Ngi, Hai Phong, Dd Ndng vd Can Tho cung<br /> thdnh pho, Thdi Binb phan dd'u ed ttt 7-10 sieu<br /> da dau ttt trung tdm bdn budn thtt 9 tai TP Bien<br /> thi, trung tdm tbttOng mai bang nhd't, ddy la con<br /> Hda, tinb Dong Nai. Metro eung dang xuc tiln<br /> so khdng ldn nhtthg dd phai Id nbulhg to hgp<br /> xdy dttng mdt trung tdm phdn phd'i khde d TP<br /> thttong mai, dich vu hodn chinh, dam bao dttgc<br /> Quy Nhon, tinb Binb Dinh. Big C cung khdng<br /> ede dieu kien phuc vu van minh vd Id edc trung<br /> dufng ngodi cudc bang vide eung Ting cing ty det<br /> tdm tbu but nguon hdng, phdt luong nguon bang<br /> Phong Phu chinb thttc khai trttOng dai sieu tbi<br /> <br /> <br /> PHAT TRIEN THUONG MAI<br /> VA DjCH vy TAI VIET NAM<br />  P H A T T R I E N K I N H TE<br /> So 253, Thang Mttdi Mot nam 2011<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> budn ban eho ca he thd'ng. Cdc sieu ihi ndy se Nhitng nguy&n nhdn chu. y^u cila thUc trgng<br /> dttgc tap trung chu ylu d thdnh pho vd mdt so ihi ndy la:<br /> xd trong tttOng lai. Day eung se Id dau md'i lidn Cdc dia phttOng chtta ihttc stt chu trgng din<br /> k i t gitta cdc sieu thi nhd khde tren dia bdn, eung viec quy hoach phdt triln mang Ittdi cdc binh<br /> ttng vd bo sung bdng bod. He thing ndy se ed edc thttc ihttOng mai bien dai d khu vttc nong ihdn,<br /> kho dtt trtt, trung chuyin iai edc vung nguyen lieu ma ddnh stt quan idm nhieu bon din quy hoach<br /> vd ngoai vi ihdnh phl. Cdc iod nhd thttong mai phdi iriln mang Ittdi chg ndng ihdn. Quy hoach<br /> dttgc trien khai d edc khu ddng dan ett, irung idm pbai irien edc binh thttc tbttOng mai bidn dai vdn<br /> mua sdm thudn lgi vdi s l IttOng vtta phai vd sir cd xu httdng tap irung d khu vttc dd thi. Do thieu<br /> phdn bo hgp ly gitta ede phttdng cua thdnh pho; quy hoach, ihieu stt httdng dan, quan ly vd chtta<br /> moi ihi tran ed itt 1-2 sieu thi tong hop bang nhi c6 tieu chudn thing nhd't.., ndn cdc hinb thttc<br /> vd irung tdm thttong mai loai nhd. Giai doan de'n tbttOng mai hi^n dai d ndng thdn phdt triln phan<br /> nam 2020, sieu tbi loai 3 vd edc ctta bdng tien ich ldn cdn mang tinh ttt phdt. Mdt khac, cdc dia<br /> se phdt iriln nhanh thay the cdc ctta hdng bdn 16 phttOng chtta chu trgng quy hoach phdt trien ha<br /> vd dan httdng tdi sieu ihi thay the cdc etta hdng tang ihttOng mai, dicb vu, quy dd'i ban hep dan<br /> tien icb. Cdc md binh sieu tbi, trung idm ihttOng din khd khan khi bo iri mat bdng cho cdc khu<br /> mai phdi triln d Thdi Binb dl thay the cdc ctta ihttgng mai, dich vu...<br /> hdng ban le la xu the td't ye'u eua qud trinh phdi Cdc chinh sdch UU dai dau ttt, thu hut cdc<br /> trien, phu hgp vdi dinh httdng chie'n Ittgc phd the doanh nghiep ve khu vttc ndng thdn vd xdy dttng,<br /> ihuan ndng eua tinh, ddng gdp vdo qud trinh phdt iriln mang Ittdi ban le hien dai da dttgc cdc<br /> phdi iriln edc cum cdng nghiep huyen, diem cdng dia phttOng quan tam bttdc dau nhtthg nhin chung<br /> nghiep xa vd viec san xua't hang hod ndng nghiep cdn nhieu bat cap, thie'u cu t h i nen chtta thttc stt<br /> tap, ihuc day qud trinh cdng nghiep hda, hien dai cd sttc but ldn dd'i vdi cac nha dau ttt.<br /> hda ndng nghiep, ndng thdn tren dia ban. Hien Nhieu doanh nghiep chtta thttc sif ddnh stt<br /> iai, he thd'ng sieu thi, trung tam tbttOng mai iren quan idm den TTNT, chtta thay doi nhan thttc ve<br /> dia bdn tinb Thdi Binh tap trung ehu ylu d viec tham gia boat ddng kinh doanh d khu vttc<br /> thdnh p h l Thai Binh, cdn edc ihi tran, thi ttt, ndy. Phan ldn cdc doanh nghiep chtta cd he thd'ng<br /> irung tam, cdc huyen ly va dgc theo tuyd'n dttdng phan phd'i d khu vttc ndng ihdn do chi phi xdy<br /> giao thdng cbinh mdi chi hinb thdnh edc ctta dttng cao vd tiem an nhieu rui ro trong kinh<br /> hang tien ich quy md nhd, tuy nhien cdc ctta doanh.<br /> bdng ndy eiing Id co sd cbo viec phdt trien cdc Nhieu chu dau itt kinh doanh iheo ede hinh<br /> sieu thi trong tttong lai [5]. thttc thttong mai hien dai tren TTNT chtta phai<br /> Cdc dia phttOng khde irong ea nttdc cung da cd Id edc chu dau ttt cd tiem ltte idi chinh manh,<br /> stt quan idm, iriln khai xdy dttng quy hoach chtta xac dinh rd chiln Ittgc ddi ban khi dau itt ve<br /> mang Ittdi sieu thi, trung tam thttOhg mai, ban nong thdn nen thttdng cd tdm ly rui ngdn ihdi<br /> hdnh cdc chinh sdch thu but dau ttt vdo linh vttc gian thu hoi vd'n bdng cdch bdn hang vdi gid cao<br /> ndy, dac biet d khu vttc ndng ihdn. Tuy nhien, ed hon so vdi mat bdng chung d cdc chg hay ctta<br /> the ddnh gid khdi quat Id mac du da cd stt phdi hdng iruyen thing trong khi phan ldn ngttdi tieu<br /> trien bttdc dau nhtthg cdc hinb thttc thttOng mai dung ndng thdn van coi ylu t l gid re Id UU tien<br /> bien dai bien nay vdn cdn khd so khai iren hdng dau khi mua sam.<br /> TTNT. Cac sieu ihi mini, ctta hdng tien icb tai Phan ldn ngttdi dan ndng thdn vdn chtta<br /> k £ khu vttc thi tra'n xd, huyen boat ddng khd quen vdi viec mua sam qua edc hinb ihttc ibttttng<br /> khd khan. mai hien dai. Qua phdng van mdi so ngttdi dan d<br /> <br /> <br /> PHAT TRIEN THUONG MAI<br /> VA DjCH vg TAI VIET NAM<br />  Jf<br /> PHAT TRIEN KINH TE<br /> lCg«MCW«lOJWIW«VJW Sd 253, Thdng MUdi Mpt ndm 2011<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Xa Vu Quy (huyen PCiln XttOng, Tinh Thdi Binh) irdn timg dia bdn cu i h l d l phdi buy hieu qua ciia<br /> ve ly do khien hg khdng man md vdi vide mua mang Ittdi sidu ibi, trung tdm tbttOng mai, trdnh<br /> hang iai sieu ihi mini ngay irung idm xd, chung iinh irang quy hoacb hinh ihttc, ihieu tinh ihttc<br /> idi nhdn ihay ihdi quen mua hdng boa iai cdc iiln dan din sif ldng phi, kem hieu qua. Can cdn<br /> chg ndng ihdn hoac cae ctta hdng nhd 16 vSn iin ett dinb httdng i l chttc khdng gian dd ibi, dieu<br /> iai pho biln. Ngttdi ddn rai ngai khi vao sieu ihi, kien ddn ett, giao tbdng, dac bidt Id quy da't ddnh<br /> itt chgn hang hda va sau dd mdi ra qudy lam thu cbo ihttOng mai dii dc quy hoach xdy dtthg sieu<br /> iuc ihanh todn. Hg cung cho rdng da la hang hda ihi, irung idm ihttOng mai vd cdng irinh phu trg<br /> bdn irong sieu ibi chdc chdn phai la hang ed gia (bdi diiu xe, dttdng da'u ndi, giao ihdng phttOng<br /> bdn cao, khdng phu hop vdi kha nSng chi ira cua iign van iai n|i bg) iheo dung iieu chuan quy<br /> minh. Tam ly pho bicn nay lam eho doanh ihu dinh.<br /> cua Trung tam thttong mai Lien Thdng iai ihi Trttde mat, vice hinh thanh cdc sieu thi, irung<br /> itt Sdc Xa Vu Quy sui giam kha nhilu sau khi iam_ ihttOng mai cd quy md vtta va ldn can trien<br /> chuyen itt hinb ihttc ctta hdng iruyen thing sang khai chu ylu d cdc khu vifc trung idm ihi xd, thi<br /> hinb ihttc ctta hdng tien ich. irdn, thi itt - nOi ed ddng ddn ett vd dilu kien giao<br /> Thu nhdp vd sttc mua cua ngttdi iieu dung ihdng thudn iicn cho vide van chuyin, mua ban,<br /> khu vttc ndng ihdn cdn khd thap, nhdi Id cdc trao dli hdng bod. Ben canb dd, cdc dia phuong<br /> vung ihuan ndng, ty le hd ngheo cdn khd cao, vi can chu irgng quy hoach pbat iriln cac ctta bang<br /> vdy cdc doanh nghiep ed tiem ltte manh van chtta iicn lgi, sieu thj nhd tai vung ndng thdn vdi gia<br /> thifc sii coi irgng viec dau ttt xay dttng cac sieu ca hgp ly la md hinh phu hgp vdi mttc song, tap<br /> thi, trung tdm thttcfng mai tren TTNT... qudn vd dac diem dan ett cua nhieu vung ndng<br /> ihdn d nttdc ia.<br /> 3. Mot s^ dl xvdSi phat tri^n cac hmh thufc<br /> Cd chinh sdchttUdai, ho trg cac doanh nghiep<br /> thiAMig mfl hiin d^i trin TTNT trong thoi dau itt, xay dttng mdi edc binh ihttc ihttOng mai<br /> giantdi bien dai tren TTNT.<br /> Thttc to nlu cbi ddng vion, "hd bdo'' doanh<br /> De phdt trien ede binb thttc ihttOng mai hien<br /> nghicp dau ttt xdy dttng trung idm thttong mai,<br /> dai iren TTNT irong thdi gian idi, cdc chu the cd<br /> sieu ihi d ndng thdn se khd ed sttc thuye't phuc vi<br /> lien quan can trien khai dong bd nhieu gidi phdp,<br /> chi phi ldn vd hicu qua bdn bang cd the khong<br /> bao gom edc nhdm gidi phap chu yeu nhtt:<br /> cao nhtt mong mud'n. Cdc cO quan nhd nttdc co<br /> • Dot vdi cdc ca quan qudn ly nhd nUdc:<br /> tham quyln can tie'p tuc nghien ettu ban bdnh, siia<br /> Xay dimg quy hoach phdi irien edc hinh ihttc<br /> doi, bo sung, hodn ihien edc cbinh sdch UU dai;<br /> thttcfng mai 'bien dai tren dia ban ndng ihdn.<br /> dong thdi tSng ettdng cdng tdc tbdng tin tuyen<br /> Trong qud trinh phdt trien cO sd ha tang kinh<br /> truyen vl cdc chinh sdch ttU dai cua nhd nttdc va<br /> ie - xd hgi iren dia bdn ndng thdn, cdc dia phttong<br /> dia phttOng dd'i vdi doanh nghiep khi dau ttt ve<br /> can c6 sif ttU tien dd'i vdi phdi irien mang Ittdi<br /> ndng thdn, phdt trien cdc binh thttc thttOng mai<br /> irung idm ihttOng mai, sieu ibi ibeo mgt quy<br /> hien dai, ttt dd giup doanh nghiep thay dttgc lgi ich<br /> hoach thd'ng nha't, phu hgp vdi nhu eau phdt trien<br /> ddi ban kbi dau ttt ve ndng thdn.<br /> kinh ie xa hgi dia phttOng vd cdc tinb lan can.<br /> Viec xdy diftig quy hoach can dttgc tiln hdnh than Cdc dia phttOng can day manh thttc hien xa<br /> trgng, dam bao co sd khoa hgc vd tbifc tien, gan hdi hda viec cdi tao, ndng cap, xdy dttng mdi cac<br /> vdi quy hoach khu vifc ndng thdn, quy hoach ddn sieu tbi, trung tdm thttcfng mai tren cO sd tif<br /> ett ndng thdn vd quy hoach pbat trien thttcfng mai nguyen, cung cd lgi. Cd the buy ddng nhieu nguon<br /> life tbdng qua cdc binb thttc khde nhau nhtt: keu<br /> <br /> <br /> PHAT TRIEN THUONG MAI<br /> VA DjCH vy TAI VIET NAM<br />  P H A T T R I E N K I N H TE<br /> So 253, Thdng Mttdi Mgt nam 2011<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ggi ede nhd dau ttt trong vd ngodi nttdc iham gia ndng ihdn, nhtthg trong ddi ban, viec dau itt theo<br /> bd vd'n xdy diJhg; lien doanh lien k i t gitta cdc dd'i xu httdng ndy Id mdi httdng dau ttt khdn ngoan cua<br /> tdc trong vd ngodi nttdc dau ttt xdy dimg; Nhd nhtthg ngttdi ed tam nhin chicn IttOc do tilm ndng<br /> nttdc vd doanh nghiep cung ldm.. phdt irien rat ldn eua khu vttc ndy. Can nhdn ihttc<br /> Nhd nttdc can cd chinb sdch khuye'n khich rdng vide chilm linb TTNT irong ihdi gian ngdn<br /> nhttgng quyen ihttOng mai dl phdt triln kdnh la rai kho khdn do dia bdn phdn idn, ngttdi dan<br /> phdn phd'i tren TTNT. Vdi cdc doanh nghiep da ndng ihdn cd sttc mua ylu vd cd bdnh vi iidu<br /> cd san pham, hay cdc sieu ihi da cd thttong hieu, dung khde so vdi ihdnh ibi. Vide kinh doanh theo<br /> khdng can dau ttt md cbi nhdnh d huyen, xa md chie'n ihudt ihu hoi vd'n nhanh bdng cdch bdn gid<br /> CO the tan dung ngay cae nhd phdn phd'i cd kha cao dd'i vdi hdng hod qua edc sieu ihi, trung idm<br /> ndng d dia bdn ndng thdn. Cdc nhd ddu tu itt thttong mai se khdng ihl ibu hut dttgc ngttdi tieu<br /> nhdn cd i h l nbttgmg quyen thttcfng mai nlu hg dung ndng thdn, thdm chi day hg ngdy cdng xa<br /> ddp ttng dttgc yeu cdu. Dd chinh Id co sd dl hinh hom vdi cdc hinh thttc thttcfng mai hien dai. Do<br /> thdnh nhieu he thing phdn phd'i bien dai tren do, viec iham nhap TTNT phai dttgc doanh<br /> TTNT. Nhd nttdc can cd cbinb sdch mien giam nghiep nhin nhdn dttdi gdc do chiln Ittgc thay vi<br /> thue, ttU ddi tin dung... cho cdc nba dau itt de chien thudt. Nhtt vay, doanh nghiep se cam kit<br /> khuye'n kbicb bg dau ttt xdy dttng he thd'ng kenh manh me hon cbo boat dgng dau ttt vd httdng de'n<br /> phdn phd'i tren TTNT, ddng ihdi giup Nhd nttdc cdc muc iieu trong ddi ban.<br /> giam thieu ehi phi dau ttt cbo viec xdy dtthg kenh Dau ttt xay dttng mang Ittdi phan phli san<br /> phan phd'i d cdc vung ndng thdn, nha't la vimg pham mgi each hgp ly iren TTNT:<br /> sdu, vung xa. Doanh nghiep can nhdn ihttc rd rang rkng<br /> Viec sdm ban hdnh cbinb sdch ho trg cdc viec Itta chgn ihi irttdng muc tieu la khu vttc ndng<br /> doanh nghiep cd he thing dai ly vd ctta bdng thdn vd CO sif dau ttt ihich hgp de tao dttgc mdt<br /> nhttgng quyen theo httdng cdng cd kenh phdn mang Ittdi phan phd'i rdng khdp khdng chi giup<br /> phd'i td't, cdng dttgc hd trg nhieu Id van de cd y doanh nghiep iranh dd'i dau irife tilp vdi cdc tap<br /> nghia quan trgng trong viec xdy dtthg vd phdt dodn phan phd'i ban 16 nttdc ngodi md cdn tao<br /> trien cdc hinh thttc thttcfng mai hien dai tren dttgc eau ndi trdnh dttgc sif dOfi doan ciia he thd'ng<br /> TTNT. phdn phd'i, gdp phan day manh IttU thdng bdng<br /> Tilp tuc thi/e hien dong bd cdc giai phdp day hda ndi dia. Nhieu doanh nghiep tham gia<br /> nhanh qud trinb xay dttng ndng thdn mdi, phdt chttcfng trinh dtta bdng Viet ve ndng thdn mdi<br /> triln kinh t l xa hdi khu vttc ndng thdn, tao viec nhan ihay hang Viet chtta bdn dttgc nhieu chu<br /> ldm, tang thu nhdp cbo ngttdi ddn ndng thdn, ttt ylu do khdng cd kenh phdn phd'i, chtt khdng phai<br /> dd tang nhanh sttc mua cua TTNT. Dd cung la cO do ngttdi dan khdng cd y ihttc dung hdng ndi; vi<br /> sd dl itthg bttdc ihay doi thdi quen mua sam, iieu vay van de xdy dimg mang Ittdi phdn phd'i, nha't<br /> dung cua ngttdi dan ndng thdn, dan ihich tthg vdi la cdc hinh thttc thttcfng mai hien dai d TTNT can<br /> cdc hinh ihttc thttcfng mai hien dai. Chi cd nhtt dttgc cdc doanh nghiep quan tam chu trgng.<br /> vdy, viec xdy dimg vd phdt trien cdc hinh thttc Viec lifa chgn kenh phdn phd'i hien dai thdng<br /> thttong mai hien dai tren TTNT mdi cd tinh kha qua hd thd'ng sieu thi, irung idm mua sam, ctta<br /> tbi vd ben vtthg. bdng chuyeh biet Id mdt xu httdng td't ye'u cua<br /> • Doi v&i cdc doanh nghiep: nen kinh te ndm giup edc doanh nghiep ndng eao<br /> Thay dli nhan thttc khi dau ttt ve ndng thdn: sttc canh tranh nhttng cdc doanh nghiep cung can<br /> Trong ngan ban, cd the doanh nghiep thay thua chu y vd tang ettdng quan ly mang Ittdi phdn phd'i<br /> thiet, kinh doanh kem bieu qua kbi dau ttt ve truyen thd'ng tai cdc chg, ctta hang vd he thd'ng<br /> <br /> <br /> PHAT TRIEN THUONG MAI<br /> VA DjCH vy TAI VIET NAM<br />  PHAT TRIEN KINH TE<br /> Sd 253, T h a n g MUdi Mdt nam 2011<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ban le. Viec xay dtthg mdt mang Ittdi phdn phd'i Quan tdm hon tdi viec tieu ihu ndng sdn giup<br /> san phdm din tay ngttdi tidu dung vdi gid thdnh ndng ddn ihdng qua hop ding do thu nhdp cua<br /> hop ly vd chd't Ittgng t i t nhd't Id ddi hdi thilt ylu ngttdi ddn ndng thdn phdn ldn phu thudc vdo viec<br /> doi vdi doanh nghiep khi thdm nhdp TTNT. Dl tidu thu cdc mdt hdng ndng san, chi khi dd ngttdi<br /> lam dttgc dieu ndy, doanh nghiop cdn tang ettdng ndng ddn mdi cd tiln dl mua hdng hda cd chd't<br /> cdng tdc dieu tra ihi hieu, nliu cdu cua ngttdi iilu Ittgng cao trong cdc sieu tbi, trung tdm thttong mai<br /> dung ndng thdn, cd cdc chttcfng trinb quang bd do cdc doanh nghidp dau ttt xdy dttng. Doanh<br /> thttcfng hieu, gidi ibieu san phdm do hdng hda cua nghiip cdn gitt vi iri bat nhdn trong chuoi cung<br /> minh din vdi ngttdi iilu dung. tthg ndng san, xdy dttng vd dam bao sif phdt trien<br /> Nghien cttU phdt irien sdn pham phu hop vdi bin vttng cua md'i lien k i t "4 nhd", bdi bod lgi icb<br /> ihu nlidp va thdi quen tieu dung cua ngttdi dan eua doanh nghicp vd ngttdi ddn ndng thdn. Gdp<br /> ndng thdn: Dd'i vdi TTNT, doanh nghidp can sttc nang eao thu nhdp, tdng sttc mua cua ngttdi<br /> nghien ettu phdt triln san pham dtta trdn nbu cau, ddn nong thdn cung chinb Id cdch ldm vi lgi ich<br /> tdm ly cua ngttdi dan d ndng thdn hien dang cd Clia cbinb cdc doanh nghiip trong ddi ban.<br /> mttc thu nhap thap dl cung ttng san pham phu Vile dau itt pbai triln cdc binh ihttc thttong<br /> hgp, tap irung vdo nhttng mat hdng thilt ylu phuc mai hien dai iren TTNT Id yeu cau tat ylu cua qua<br /> vu ddi sd'ng eua nhdn dan nhtt hdng may mdc, do trinh phdt triln kinh te xa bdi khu vifc ndng<br /> dung gia dinh, bdng ttt lieu phuc vu san xudi ndng thdn ndi chung vd phat triln thttong mai ndng<br /> nghiep... Cdc doanh nghiep cd the nghien cttU sdn thdn ndi rieng, nbdm thttc hien Id trinh to cbttc lai<br /> xuat nhttng mat hdng dap tthg rieng cbo nhu eau vd phdt trien thttcfng mai ngi dia tbeo httdng van<br /> cua ngttdi tieu dung iren TTNT. Lifa chgn nhtthg minh, hien dai vd chu ddng hdi nhdp kinh te quoc<br /> mat hdng tieu dung thiet ye'u cd chat Ittgng, gid ca te. Cdc giai phdp neu tren neu dttoe thilC hien dong<br /> hop ly, do ben cao, phu hop tam ly tieu dimg d bd, vdi stt cdng dong trdch nhiem cua cdc co quan<br /> ndng thdn de cd bttdc dot pbd vdo tbi trttdng ndy. qudn ly nhd nttdc, cdc hiep hdi, cdc doanh nghiep...<br /> Doanh nghiep cung can chu y nhieu hon den chd't se gdp phan xdy dtthg vd phdt trien nbanb cdc<br /> Ittgng hang hod, dong thdi khdng qud coi trgng ve hinb thttc thttcfng mai hien dai d ndng thdn trong<br /> hinh thttc de cd the giam gid thdnh sdn pham, ba thdi gian tdi*<br /> gid ban phu hgp vdi tbu nhdp eua ngifdi ndng ddn.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> CHU THI'CH<br /> [1] http://socongthuong.thaibinh.gov.vn (4/2011).<br /> [2] http://ca.cand.com.vn (19/4/2010).<br /> [3] http://www.vneconomy (23/7/2009).<br /> [4] http://www.ktdt.com.vn (3/2011).<br /> [5] http://www.thaibinhonline.com.vn (19/8/2008).<br /> TAI LIEU THAM KHAO<br /> 1. Bp Cong thUdng, Di an 'Phat triin thUdng mai nong thon, giai doan 2010-2015 vd dinh hUdng din nam 2020".<br /> 2. ThiJ tudng Chi'nh phCi, Quyit dinh so 27/2007/QD-TTg ngdy 15/02/2007 phe duyet Di dn phdt triin thUdng mai<br /> trong nUdc din nam 2010 va dinh hudng din ndm 2020.<br /> 3. UBND Tfnh Thai Binh, Quyit djnh sd 511/QD-UBND ngay 18/3/2008 V/v phe duyet quy hoach phdt triin he thdng<br /> sieu thj, trung tam thUdng mai tren dia ban thh Thai Binh giai doan 2008-2015, dinh hudng din 2020.<br /> 4. Thong tin td mot so website tren Internet.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> PHAT TRIEN THUONG MAI<br /> 8 VA DICH vy TAI V I | T NAM<br />