Thực trạng chăm sóc dinh dưỡng cho người bệnh trước phẫu thuật ổ bụng có kế hoạch tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Thái Nguyên

Nutritional status is a critical factor influencing surgical outcomes, particularly for patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery. Malnutrition is highly prevalent in this population and is associated with increased risks of complications, longer hospital stays, higher healthcare costs, and mortality. Despite its significant impact, nutritional assessment and care are often overlooked in preoperative preparation. This study aims to address this gap by describing the current nutritional status of patients scheduled for elective abdominal surgery and evaluating the nutritional care practices provided to them at Thai Nguyen National Hospital. The findings are crucial for improving patient outcomes and optimizing resource utilization in surgical settings.

Medical professionals, hospital administrators, and researchers in surgery, nutrition, anesthesiology, and public health.

This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from April to October 2024 at Thai Nguyen National Hospital, involving 40 patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery. Data were meticulously gathered through structured interviews using pre-designed questionnaires, comprehensive bedside examinations, and secondary data extracted from medical records. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0 to interpret the findings. The study revealed a high prevalence of malnutrition among patients, with 50% identified as malnourished or at risk using the SGA method. A substantial 62.5% of patients experienced unintentional weight loss within six months prior to hospitalization for gastrointestinal surgery. Colon surgery patients represented the largest group (60%). Furthermore, the research highlighted significant gaps in preoperative nutritional care: only 12.5% of cases successfully implemented refeeding syndrome prevention protocols, and only 17.5% of patients received carbohydrate loading two hours before surgery, despite established benefits. Intravenous fluids were administered to merely 47.5% of patients. These results underscore the urgent need for enhanced nutritional screening and intervention strategies for patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery. Improving preoperative nutritional care can significantly reduce malnutrition rates, mitigate postoperative complications, and ultimately improve patient recovery and quality of life. The study emphasizes the importance of integrating comprehensive nutritional care into routine abdominal surgery protocols, leveraging insights from anesthesiology and resuscitation for better patient management.