Tóm tắt Luận án Tiến sĩ: Nghiên cứu tạo vật liệu nano chitosan, nanocomposite chitosan mang kháng sinh và bước đầu đánh giá hiệu quả kháng một số vi khuẩn gây bệnh ở người

The escalating global crisis of antibiotic resistance demands innovative solutions for effective therapeutic interventions. Nanomaterials, characterized by their ultra-small size and high surface-to-volume ratio, have emerged as a highly promising platform for advanced drug delivery systems and enhanced antimicrobial activity. Chitosan, a natural polysaccharide renowned for its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and intrinsic antibacterial properties, holds significant potential, particularly when formulated at the nanoscale. This research addresses the critical challenge of bacterial resistance by focusing on the synthesis and characterization of nano chitosan and novel chitosan-based nanocomposites, specifically designed to act as efficient carriers for antibiotics. The ultimate goal is to evaluate their efficacy in combating a range of pathogenic bacteria responsible for human infections, thereby contributing to the development of more potent and sustainable antimicrobial strategies.

Nhà khoa học, nghiên cứu sinh, kỹ sư và chuyên gia trong các lĩnh vực công nghệ sinh học, vật liệu nano, dược học, vi sinh học và y tế, quan tâm đến phát triển vật liệu kháng khuẩn và hệ thống dẫn truyền thuốc.

This thesis presents a comprehensive investigation into the development and antimicrobial assessment of nano chitosan and chitosan nanocomposites for combating pathogenic bacteria. The study systematically synthesizes nano chitosan, along with nanocomposites incorporating starch and cellulose, leveraging techniques such as ionic gelation combined with spray drying. A primary focus was placed on optimizing the physicochemical properties of these materials, including particle size, zeta potential, and drug loading efficiency, to ensure stable structures and controlled release of antibiotics. The research meticulously evaluated the antibacterial efficacy of these advanced materials, both alone and when loaded with amoxicillin or ampicillin, against key human pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus pneumoniae under in vitro conditions. Significant findings include the identification of optimal chitosan molecular weights for highly effective nanochitosan synthesis, demonstrating enhanced antibacterial activity against resistant strains. The chitosan/starch and chitosan/cellulose nanocomposites proved particularly effective, exhibiting superior antibiotic encapsulation and sustained release kinetics. These composite materials showcased markedly improved antimicrobial performance, significantly reducing minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) compared to free antibiotics or nanochitosan alone. The innovative fabrication methods and the compelling evidence of enhanced antibacterial capabilities position these biodegradable and biocompatible nanocomposites as promising candidates for next-generation drug delivery systems, offering a viable strategy to mitigate the urgent global threat of antibiotic resistance in human health applications.