Compounds in response

A cytosolic thyroid-hormone-binding protein (xCTBP), predominantly responsible for the major binding activity of T3 in the cytosol of Xenopus liver, has been shown to be identical to aldehyde dehydrogenase class 1 (ALDH1) [Yamauchi, K., Nakajima, J., Hayashi, H., Horiuchi, R. & Tata, J.R. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 8460–8469]. Within this paper we surveyed which signaling, and other, compounds affect the thyroid hormone binding activity and aldehyde dehydrogenase activity of recombinant Xenopus ALDH1 (xCTBP/xALDH1) while examining the relationship between these two activities....

8p research12 01-06-2013 38 4   Download

Three mammalian ADAMTS enzymes, ADAMTS-1, -4 and -5, are known to cleave aggrecan at certain glutamyl bonds and are considered to be largely responsible for car-tilage aggrecan catabolismobservedduring the development of arthritis. We have previously reported that certain cate-chins, polyphenolic compounds found in highest concen-trationingreentea(Camellia sinensis), are capable of inhibiting cartilage aggrecan breakdown in anin vitromodel of cartilage degradation.

10p fptmusic 16-04-2013 30 3   Download

Spontaneous oxidation of 3-hydroxykynureine (3-HK), a metabolic inter-mediate of the tryptophan degradation pathway, elicits a remarkable oxida-tive stress response in animal tissues. In the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegyptithe excess of this toxic metabolic intermediate is efficiently removed by a specific 3-HK transaminase, which converts 3-HK into the more sta-ble compound xanthurenic acid.

10p fptmusic 12-04-2013 39 3   Download

Human amylin (hA) is a small fibrillogenic protein that is the major con-stituent of pancreatic islet amyloid, which occurs in most subjects with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2Dm). There is growing evidence that hA toxic-ity towards islet b-cells is responsible for their gradual loss of function in T2Dm. Preventing hA-mediated cytotoxicity has been proposed as a route to halt the progression of this disease, although this has not yet been dem-onstratedin vivo.

11p fptmusic 12-04-2013 30 1   Download

2-Amino-5-carboxymuconic 6-semialdehyde is an unstable intermediate in the meta-cleavage pathway of 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoic acid inBordetellasp. strain 10d.In vitro, this compound is nonenzymatically converted to 2,5-pyrid-inedicarboxylic acid. Crude extracts of strain 10d grown on 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoic acid converted 2-amino-5-car-boxymuconic 6-semialdehyde formed from 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoic acid by the first enzyme in the pathway, 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoate 2,3-dioxygenase, to a yellow compound (emax¼375 nm).

0p awards 05-04-2013 45 2   Download

Inflammation is traditionally viewed as a physiological reaction to tissue injury. Leukocytes contribute to the inflammatory response by the secretion of cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory compounds, by phagocytotic activity and by targeted attack of foreign antigens. Leukocyte accumulation in tis-sues is important for the initial response to injury.

9p inspiron33 25-03-2013 41 4   Download

In vascular smooth muscle cells and several other cell types, inhibition of Na + ⁄K + -ATPase leads to the expression of early response genes, including c-Fos. We designed this study to examine whether or not a putative Na + i ⁄K + i-sensitive element is located within the c-Fos5¢-UTR from )650 to +103 containing all known response elements activated by ‘classic’ stimuli, such as growth factors and Ca 2+ i-raising compounds.

11p galaxyss3 19-03-2013 35 3   Download

The intracellular accumulation of low molecular mass organic compounds in response to stressful conditions was investigated in the thermophilic bacterium Petrotoga miotherma, a member of the order Thermotogales. This led to the discovery of a new solute, whose structure was established as a-d-mannopyranosyl-(1fi2)-a-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 fi2)-glycerate (MGG) by MMR spectroscopy and MS.

8p galaxyss3 19-03-2013 25 4   Download

The charged quaternary ammonium compounds – methyl, ethyl and benzyl viologens – generate reactive oxygen species in photosynthetic cells. Three independent methyl viologen-resistant spontaneous mutants of Synechocys-tis sp. PCC 6803 were identified, in which the conserved R115 residue of the Slr1174 protein was replaced with G115, L115 and C115. The Slr1174 protein of the DUF990 family is related to the permease subunit of an ABC-2-type transporter and its R115 mutation was found to be solely responsible for the observed methyl viologen resistance. ...

11p vinaphone15 25-02-2013 30 2   Download