Energy and emission

When small, independent providers want to negotiate with multiple health plans, large insurers exert enormous pressure to stop them. The statewide trade group for doctors in New York sued UnitedHealth Group Inc., the nation’s second-largest health insurer by enrollment, for allegedly using illegal coercion in just such a scheme to limit competition.26 In a separate matter UnitedHealth agreed to pay $400 million to settle multiple suits alleging price fixing and other anti-competitive behavior.

36p quaivatxanh 01-12-2012 31 4   Download

The municipal and industrial activities of the man affects human health, leads to degradation of the environment and even degradation of the objects built by himself or his predecessors. The pollutants are emitted to the atmosphere with off-gases from industry, power stations, residential heating systems and vehicles, some additional emissions come from the natural sources as volcanoes as well. Fossil fuels, which include coal, natural gas, petroleum, shale oil and bitumen are the main source of heat, electrical energy and are the basic duels for the engines of the transport vehicles....

264p ktcn_1 10-07-2012 54 17   Download

Traditional electrical power systems were essentially based on centralized and fuel consuming power generation plants, where end-users were supplied via unidirectional transmission and distribution grids.

0p ktcn_1 10-07-2012 47 8   Download

Carbon  sectors  is  forecast  to  exceed  growth  in  the more  established  Environmental  sector, where  many technologies (for example in Water and Waste Treatment) are already mature.   The Renewable Energy and Emerging Low Carbon sectors currently show a much flatter growth than  previously  forecast  for  the  period  2012  to  2015.  It  is  anticipated  that  as  economic  uncertainty  is  reduced and investment funds start to flow, these growth forecasts will rise once again.

48p dangsuynghi 15-03-2013 26 8   Download

This study to develop AQ pollutant datasets for each of the constituent countries of the UK has been commissioned by Defra in order to better inform energy and environmental policy-makers within the Devolved Administrations in their pursuit of objectives set by the Air Quality Strategy for England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland (AQS for ESWNI). These objectives also contribute to the UK’s targets as a whole in terms of meeting both national and international targets on both local and transboundary air pollution....

117p luuhuong0402 29-09-2012 31 7   Download

Over the past decade the topic of energy and environment has been acknowledged among many people as a critical issue to be solved in 21st century since the Kyoto Protocol came into effect in 1997. Its political recognition was put forward especially at Heiligendamm in 2007, when the effect of carbon dioxide emission and its hazard in global climate were discussed and shared universally as common knowledge.

450p xrzc1-1 18-09-2013 51 7   Download

The following sections provide an overview of the technical and qualitative characteristics of a wide range of alternative fuels that can replace coal in cement kilns. These fuels include agricultural and non-agricultural biomass, chemical and hazardous wastes, petroleum-based wastes, and miscellaneous waste fuels. Each of these alternatives are described in detail, including a discussion of average substitution rates, energy and water content of the fuels, carbon dioxide emissions factors, and change in carbon emissions per ton1 of coal replacement.

63p loixinloi 08-05-2013 36 6   Download

This project aims to deliver important information, methodologies and guidelines for use by city planners and other prominent decision makers throughout Latin America and the Caribbean and Asia, applying eco-effi cient criteria to reduce emissions, save energy and natural resources, and enhance social inclusion. ECLAC views this project as an important milestone in the ongoing efforts surrounding eco-effi ciency and sustainable urbanization.

122p doidieumuonnoi 11-06-2013 56 4   Download

For the design of ADS (Accelerator Driven System), it is important to study neutron spectra and details of nuclear reactions induced by neutrons. Furthermore, neutron energy and angular distribution data are important for a correct simulation of the propagation of particles inside a spallation target and the geometrical distribution of the outgoing neutron flux.

6p bautroibinhyen17 13-02-2017 9 2   Download

Research, development and industrialisation of renewable energy are currently moving at a rapid pace worldwide. Biofuels play significant roles in decarbonisation of our future energy needs and act to mitigate deleterious impacts of greenhouse gas emissions. Liquid transportation biofuels (bioethanol and biodiesel) now represent key contributors to the bioenergy portfolios in many countries.

0p sofia11 08-05-2012 61 25   Download

Overall structure of electrical power system is in the process of changing. For incremental growth, it is moving away from fossil fuels - major source of energy in the world today - to renewable energy resources that are more environmentally friendly and sustainable [1].

328p phoebe75 19-02-2013 70 24   Download

The author gratefully acknowledges the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Industrial Technology, Steam System BestPractices Program for sponsoring the development of this guide. Special thanks are extended to Fred Hart and Bob Gemmer of DOE for their support and guidance.

173p lovecafe2 17-09-2011 59 23   Download

The increasing demand for energy worldwide, together with the depletion of crude oil reserves, environmental threats due to greenhouse gas emissions and new national and international legislation, is resulting in the imperative for petroleum-derived fuels to be complemented or substituted by biofuels. Such an alternative, renewable, biodegradable and nontoxic biofuel is biodiesel. The book “Biodiesel: Feedstocks and Processing Technologies” is intended to provide a professional look on the recent achievements and emerging trends in biodiesel production.

470p ktcn_1 10-07-2012 56 20   Download

Landfill gas from a source of green energy, clean, renewable and can be used to create electricity, or used in the energy industry. This paper reviews the potential energy recovery landfill gas from municipal solid waste, to reducing methane emissions in particular, and reduced greenhouse gas emissions in general. In addition, this paper provides an assessment using the model of methane generated from landfill municipal solid waste and generate energy potential of gas recovered. In particular, this paper uses a life cycle assessment methods ......

10p thulanh2 07-09-2011 59 17   Download

There are two main reasons why the chemical process industry should be motivated to reduce energy consumption and CO 2 emissions: rising concerns in companies, the public and scientifi c community about climate change or global warming, and the increasing fraction of energy in manufacturing costs. ‘ Climate change ’ [1] in this context, means a change of climate, which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods....

485p aries23 29-09-2012 37 17   Download

Overall structure of electrical power system isin the process of changing. For incremental growth, it is moving away from fossil fuels - major source of energy in the world today - to renewable energy resources that are more environmentally friendly and sustainable [1].

327p namde01 11-04-2013 57 16   Download

The use of biodiesel worldwide is becoming increasingly important, because of the widespread shortage of oil resources, which has raised the prices of fossil fuels. This biofuel also offers an opportunity to meet the energy demands with less impact to the environment due its renewable characteristics. This book entitled "Biodiesel – Quality, Emissions and By-Products" comprises 20 chapters and covers topics related to biodiesel quality, performance of combustion engines that use biodiesel, and the emissions they generate.

0p ktcn_1 10-07-2012 47 15   Download

Internal combustion engines have experienced an enjoyed monopoly for almost a century as power sources of road transport vehicles. But, in the same period, vehicle ownership and mileages increased to a level that the resulting petroleum based fuel consumption, urban air pollutants and green house gas emissions (the challenging triad) have became great concern especially for past a few decades.

252p ktcn_1 10-07-2012 65 15   Download

The most important function of lubricants is the reduction of friction and wear and in some cases, the relative movement of two bearing surfaces is only possible if a lubricant is present. In times when saving energy and resources and cutting emission have become central environmental matters, lubricants are increasingly attracting public awareness. Scientific research has shown that 0.4% of gross domestic product could be saved in terms of energy in Western industrialized countries if current tribological knowledge, i.e.

0p beobobeo 01-08-2012 45 15   Download

Worldwide attention to environmental issues combined with the energy crisis force us to reduce greenhouse emissions and increase the usage of renewable energy sources as a solution to providing an efficient environment. This book addresses the current issues of sustainable growth and applications in renewable energy sources. The fifteen chapters of the book have been divided into two sections to organize the information accessible to readers.

0p ktcn_1 10-07-2012 48 14   Download