Evolutionary advantage

In ebook "Plant-environment interactions: From sensory plant biology to active plant behavior" documents a paradigm shift that is currently underway in the plant sciences. In the last two or three decades, plants have been unmasked as being very sensitive organisms that monitor and integrate large numbers of abiotic and biotic parameters from their environment. The obvious conservation that occurs throughout evolution means that action potentials provide both plants and animals with evolutionary advantages that are crucial to their adaptive behavior and survival.

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The annual killifish Austrofundulus limnaeus inhabits ephemeral ponds in northern Venezuela, South America, and is an emerging extremophile model for vertebrate diapause, stress tolerance, and evolution. Embryos of A. limnaeus regularly experience extended periods of desiccation and anoxia as a part of their natural history and have unique metabolic and developmental adaptations. Currently, there are limited genomic resources available for gene expression and evolutionary studies that can take advantage of A. limnaeus as a unique model system.

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K-mer-based methods have greatly advanced in recent years, largely driven by the realization of their biological significance and by the advent of next-generation sequencing. Their speed and their independence from the annotation process are major advantages.

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Fruits and seeds resulting from fertilization of flowers, represent an incredible evolutionary advantage in angiosperms and have seen them become a critical element in our food supply.

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Founder populations have an important role in the study of genetic diseases. Access to detailed genealogical records is often one of their advantages. These genealogical data provide unique information for researchers in evolutionary and population genetics, demography and genetic epidemiology.

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2016 marked the 50th anniversary of the discovery of Hatch-Slack pathway, more popularly known as the C4 photosynthetic pathway in sugarcane leaves. Since then, there had been a significant development in understanding the C4 syndrome and its evolutionary background. C4 photosynthesis produces almost a quarter of the world’s entire primary productivity, despite having merely a few plant lineages to compete with. This clearly depicts the extraordinary capacity of the system to effectively trap carbon and converting it into plant biomass.

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The advantage of using this model includes the optimal facilities, locating them and assigning the optimal facilities to them. It also chooses the type and the number of technologies, which must be bought. The fuzzy programming converts the multi objective model to an auxiliary crisp model by Jimenez approach and solves it with ߝ-constraint. For solving large size problems, the Multi Objective Differential Evolutionary algorithm (MODE) is applied.

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Gynodioecy, a sexual system with hermaphrodite and female individuals in a population, raises the question how the two sexual morphs are maintained. Salvia pratensis is a gynodioecious species featured by its modified stamens that act as a lever mechanism in pollination.

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After studying this chapter you will be able to: Distinguish between asexual and sexual reproduction; explain how hermaphroditism may be advantageous to animals that have difficulty encountering a member of the opposite sex; describe various ways in which animals may protect developing embryos; using diagrams, identify and state the function of each component of the male and female reproductive systems;...

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Similar to blood types, human plasma haptoglobin (Hp) is classified into three phenotypes: Hp 1-1, 2-1 and 2-2. They are genetically inherited from two alleles Hp 1and Hp 2(represented in bold), but only the Hp 1-1 phenotype is found in almost all animal species.

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The house has a cement block, crawl space foundation. The vented volume of the crawl space is about 115 m3 . The under-floor belly volume defined by the floor joists and the metal frame is approximately 65 m3 . The belly space contains the heating and cooling (HAC) supply air distribution ductwork, plumbing lines and thermal insulation and is separated from the crawl space by an insulated, woven polyethylene membrane. The attic space has a volume of 43 m3 above the vaulted ceiling. There are five roof vents and a series of eave vents extending along the...

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Transmission of Genetic Disease Origins and Types of Mutations A mutation can be defined as any change in the primary nucleotide sequence of DNA regardless of its functional consequences. Some mutations may be lethal, others are less deleterious, and some may confer an evolutionary advantage. Mutations can occur in the germline (sperm or oocytes); these can be transmitted to progeny. Alternatively, mutations can occur during embryogenesis or in somatic tissues.

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We are programmed to extract meaning from just about everything. I’m no sociobiologist, but I am convinced by abundant evidence that this is part of our genetic endowment—a capability derived from evolutionary advantage. It is not hard to imagine that the cavemen who survived and reproduced were the ones who could most accurately read the opportunities and threats offered by terrain, weather, and other living creatures.

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