Heat stress response

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are generally considered as important molecular chaperones; they are known to perform critical functions in plant development and abiotic stress response processes.

14p nutifooddau 27-01-2019 10 0   Download

Abiotic stresses such as drought, salinity, heat and cold, are greatly affecting the plant growth and agricultural productivity and causes more than 50% of worldwide yield loss of major crops every year. It is a major global problem that limits crop productivity. Yield potential of modern cultivars is limiting by stress factors. These stresses are increasing because of the declining availability of good quality water, land degradation and pollution. In the plant, stress results in nutritional imbalances causing a reduction in water uptake and an increase in toxicity, decreasing the product.

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A field experiment was conducted to study the response of antioxidant enzymes to oxidative damage caused by heat stress induced by changing dates of transplanting in two rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes viz., ‘N22’ (heat tolerant) and ‘IR8’ (heat susceptible). During grain filling period, constitutive level of antioxidative enzymes viz., superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, was found to be 35.7, 88.8 and 84.1% higher respectively, while the content of non-enzymatic antioxidants viz., ascorbate and proline was 78.5 and 81.

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The analysis of abiotic stress responsiveness in plants is a very crucial way to identify the genes conferring stress tolerance and their use in crop improvement programme. Heat stress is one of the stresses which highly affect the growth, quality character as well as total yield of the crop. In this study, a proteome analysis by 2D electrophoresis was used to identify the characteristic change in two wheat genotypes viz, GW 451 (heat tolerant) and WH 147 (heat susceptible) from flag leaf.

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High temperature is one of the major abiotic stresses in tomato and greatly reduces fruit yield and quality. Identifying high-temperature stress-responsive (HSR) genes and breeding heat-tolerant varieties is an effective way to address this issue.

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Heat stress is a severe environmental stress that affects plant growth and reduces yield. Bax inhibitor-1 (BI-1) is a cytoprotective protein that is involved in the response to biotic and abiotic stresses.

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The Arabian camel is the largest known mammal that can survive in severe hot climatic conditions. We provide the molecular explanation for the thermotolerance of camel granulosa somatic cells after exposure to 45 C for 2 (acute heat shock) or 20 h (chronic heat shock). The common features of the cellular responses to acute heat stress were the increase of heat shock proteins and DNA repair enzymes expression. Actin polymerization and Rho signaling were critically activated as a cellular defense against heat shock.

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High temperature is a major environmental factor limiting grape yield and affecting berry quality. Thermotolerance includes the direct response to heat stress and the ability to recover from heat stress.

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The heat shock response of E.coli K12 cells in the presence or absence of oxygen in an exponential or stationary phase of growth and on the oxidative stress response of this bacterium in the absence of oxygen. Winter et al., (2005) studies shown that the oxygen tension with the heat shock response.

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Among several abiotic stresses, heat stress has a large negative impact upon agricultural productivity worldwide. Moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal) attracts a great deal of attention due to its better performance under drought and heat stress conditions.

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Drought stress is one of the major causes of crop loss. WRKY transcription factors, as one of the largest transcription factor families, play important roles in regulation of many plant processes, including drought stress response.

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Environmental stress puts organisms at risk and requires specific stress-tailored responses to maximize survival. Long-term exposure to stress necessitates a global reprogramming of the cellular activities at different levels of gene expression.

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Climate change is predicted to be a serious threat to agriculture due to the need for crops to be able to tolerate increased heat stress. Desert plants have already adapted to high levels of heat stress so they make excellent systems for identifying genes involved in thermotolerance.

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Uncoupling protein one (UCP1) is a mitochondrial inner membrane protein capable of uncoupling the electrochemical gradient from adenosine-5′-triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, dissipating energy as heat. UCP1 plays a central role in nonshivering thermogenesis in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) of hibernating animals and small rodents.

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Heat shock proteins (HSPs) usually act as molecular chaperones to prevent proteins from being denatured in response to high temperature and other extreme conditions. These are highly conserved from prokaryotes to eukaryotes. In this study, we analysed the differential expression pattern of hsp21 and hsp70 transcript during thermal stress in tropical tasar silkworm. We found expression of hsp21 and hsp70 were upregulated ~2.5 and 4 folds respectively in the temperature treated larvae in comparison to the control larvae.

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The investigation was conducted on three mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] genotypes namely MH-421, MH-318 and Basanti genotypes to study their biochemical, and yield response in relation to terminal heat stress tolerance. The plants were raised in earthen pots (30 cm diameter) filled with 5.5 kg of dune sand (Typic Torrispamments) under screen house conditions. High temperature stress was given by manipulation of sowing dates i.e. normal sown (12th March, 2013) and late sown (29th March, 2013).

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Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành y học dành cho các bạn tham khảo đề tài: Identification and characterization of wheat long non-protein coding RNAs responsive to powdery mildew infection and heat stress by using microarray analysis and SBS sequencing

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The heat-stress regime showed higher estimates of broad sense heritability, genetic variability, and genetic advance for all basic lint yield traits, except for fiber weight per unit length. Similarly, response to the selection was high under the heat-stress regime.

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High temperature stress is one of the most detrimental abiotic stresses which adversely affect productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) in tropics and subtropics. Plants respond to high temperature stress by regulating expression of an array of genes, heat shock proteins (HSPs) being one of them. Owing to highly differential expression of HSPs in various crop species under high temperature stress, these could be considered as key stress responsive genes.

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Heat stress is an abiotic phenomenon that resulting the losses in yield. Wheat consumed by the human in all over world. It has the top first rank in among cereals because of which most significant contribution to the worldwide. Higher temperature alters the primary phenomena such as growth and development and also affected to the physiological responses and biochemical aspects.

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