Internal state

The legal questions involved in studying genocide draw on three areas of law: human rights law, international law and criminal law. These are all subjects that I have both taught and practised. This alone ought to be sufficient to explain my interest in the subject. But there is more. Of the three great genocides in the twentieth century, those of the Armenians, the Jews and Gypsies, and the Tutsi, my life has been touched by two of them.

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This study of the origins of international law combines techniques of intellectual history and historiography to investigate the earliest developments of the law of nations. The book examines the sources, processes, and doctrines of international legal obligation in antiquity to reevaluate the critical attributes of international law. David J.

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International law is the term commonly used for referring to laws that govern the conduct of independent nations in their relationships with one another. It differs from other legal systems in that it primarily concerns provinces rather than private citizens.

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This third edition takes as its theme ‘increasing harmonization in financial statements; mixed comparability and diversity in assurance and corporate reporting’. January 2005 marked a significant stage in the move towards acceptance of international financial reporting standards (IFRS) as the basis for harmonizing financial statements. It was the date from which listed companies in member states of the European Union (EU) were required to apply IFRS in their consolidated financial statements, in place of the accounting standards of their home countries.

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The States Parties to this Convention, Bearing in mind the broad objectives in the resolutions adopted by the sixth special session of the General Assembly of the United Nations on the establishment of a New International Economic Order, Considering that the development of international trade on the basis of equality and mutual benefit is an important element in promoting friendly relations among States,

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This book grew out of my lecture notes for a graduate course in in- ternational macroeconomics and Þnance that I teach at the Ohio State University. The book is targeted towards second year graduate stu- dents in a Ph.D. program. The material is accessible to those who have completed core courses in statistics, econometrics, and macroeconomic theory typically taken in the Þrst year of graduate study.

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A concise account of international law by an experienced practitioner, this book explains how states and international organisations, especially the United Nations, make and use international law. The nature of international law and its fundamental concepts and principles are described. The difference and relationship between various areas of international law which are often misunderstood (such as diplomatic and state immunity, and human rights and international humanitarian law) are clearly explained.

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This fifth edition ofMalcolm Shaw’s bestselling textbook on international law provides a clear, authoritative and comprehensive introduction to the subject. This leading text has been fully revised and updated to Spring 2003 to take account of new developments in the field.

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On July 1, 2002, the International Criminal Court (hereinafter referred to as the “ICC” or the “Court”) will become operative. The ICC will have subject matter jurisdiction over crimes of genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity. The Court will have jurisdiction over the crime of aggression as soon as agreement can be reached on a definition of that crime. Crimes of terror are not included in the subject matter jurisdiction of the Court.

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One of the most prominent and urgent problems in international governance is how the different branches and norms of international law interact, and what to do in the event of conflict. With no single ‘international legislator’and a multitude of states, international organisations and tribunals making and enforcing the law, the international legal system is decentralised.

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In late 2002 an increasingly heated debate arose within the United Nations Security Council about the merits of using force to disarm and depose Saddam Hussein’s regime in Iraq. The Bush Administration gave the Council an ultimatum: uphold the rule of international law, expressed in numerous Council resolutions calling on the regime to disarm, or follow the League of Nations into the dustbin of history. If the Council would not license the use of force, the United States would lead a ‘Coalition of the Willing’ to defend the rule of law and protect international security....

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PREFACE We became acutely interested in the Harvard Research in Interna- tional Law while we were researching all aspects of international law for the second edition of the Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Interna- tional Law in the early 2000s. We wrote, in fact rewrote from the first edition, an entry on the Harvard Research and that set us thinking that, while we knew of ...

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Emergency medicine is, by its nature, borne out of necessity and through painful lessons that specialized care is required for many patients presenting to hospital “ERs” with complaints ranging from minor ailments to life threatening illness and even in peri-arrest states.

232p wqwqwqwqwq 21-07-2012 39 10   Download

The service sector accounts for more than 70 percent of the gross domestic product (GDP) of advanced industrial economies. Though trade in services is difficult to calculate and many transactions still go uncounted, current estimates place the worth of such trade as at least $2.5 trillion, or about a third of total world trade. For the United States, the world’s most advanced industrial economy, the service sector looms even larger. Services account for almost 80 percent of U.S. production and U.S. employment (while manufacturing accounts for 19 percent of U.S.

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This book examines the coherent international tax regime that is embodied both in the tax treaty network and in domestic laws, and the way it forms a significant part of international law, both treaty-based and customary. The practical implication is that countries are not free to adopt any international tax rules they please, but rather operate in the context of the regime, which changes in the same ways international law changes over time.

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This volume contains nine papers that were prepared as part of a research project on the impact of taxation on international capital flows, under- taken by the National Bureau of Economic Research. These papers pres- ent new quantitative findings concerning the effects of taxation on foreign direct investment, international tax avoidance, and international produc- tivity spillovers. This research was presented and discussed in a series of meetings that culminated in a conference held in Cambridge, Massachu- setts, on 14–15 November 1997....

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The Canadian Automobile Association (CAA) and the Traffic Injury Research Foundation (TIRF) are pleased to present the findings and recommendations from the first International Conference on Distracted Driving. In recent years, the issue of driver distraction has received increasing attention from the media, public, government, industry and safety organizations. Initially, much of the concern focussed on the use of cell phones. Legislators were urged to take action, without having much evidencebased research to support decision-making....

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We conducted our audit of compliance in accordance with U.S. generally accepted auditing standards; the standards applicable to financial audits contained in Government Auditing Standards, issued by the Comptroller General of the United States; and OMB Circular A-133, Audits of States, Local Governments, and Non-Profit Organizations.

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Given recent seismic upheavals in the world’s money markets, an updated edition of an authoritative, reliable textbook on the international law of foreign investment has rarely been so timely. Sornarajah’s classic text surveys how international law has developed to protect foreign investments by multinational actors and to control any misconduct on their part. It analyses treaty-based methods, examining the effectiveness of bilateral and regional investment treaties.

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This book sets out to explain the most foundational aspect of interna- tional law in international relations terms. By doing so it goes straight to the central problem of international law – that although legally speaking all States are equal, socially speaking they clearly are not. As such it is an ambitious and controversial book which will be of interest to all interna- tional relations scholars and students and practitioners of international law.

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