Pancreatitis

To present a case of recurrent hypoglycemia following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery whose etiology was determined to be a proinsulin-predominant pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (a proinsulinoma).

5p caothientrangnguyen 09-05-2020 14 3   Download

Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) plays a key role in lipid metabo-lism. Molecular modeling of dimeric LPL was carried out usingINSIGHT IIbased upon the crystal structures of human, porcine, and horse pancreatic lipase. The dimeric model reveals a saddle-shaped structure and the key heparin-binding residues in the amino-terminal domain located on the top of this saddle.

10p research12 29-04-2013 47 4   Download

To gain better insight into the insulin secretory activity of fetalbcells in response to glucose, the expression of glucose transporter 2 (GLUT-2), glucokinase and mitochondrial glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase (mGDH) were studied. Expression ofGLUT-2mRNA and protein in pancreatic islets and liver was signi®cantly lower in fetal and suckling rats than in adult rats.

9p research12 29-04-2013 47 4   Download

The kinetics of the reversible thermal unfolding, irreversible thermal unfolding, and reductive unfolding processes of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A (RNase A) were investi-gated in NaCl/Pi solutions. Image parameters including Shannon entropy, Hamming distance, mutual information and correlation coefficient were used in the analysis of the CD and 1D NMR spectra. The irreversible thermal unfolding transition of RNase A was not a cooperative process, pretransitional structure changes occur before the main thermal denaturation....

9p tumor12 22-04-2013 43 4   Download

Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is a valuable tool in the analysis of proteins and peptides.The combination of LC-MS with different fragmentation methods provides sequence information on components in complex mixtures.In this work, on-line packed capillary LC electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance MS was combined with two complementary fragmentation techniques, i.e.

7p tumor12 20-04-2013 45 2   Download

We purified pancreatic deoxyribonucleases I (DNases I) from three snakes, Elaphe quadrivirgata, Elaphe climaco-phoraandAgkistrodon blomhoffii, and cloned their cDNAs. Each mature snake DNase I protein comprised 262 amino acids. Wild-type snake DNases I with Leu130 were more thermally unstable than wild-type mammalian and avian DNases I with Ile130. After substitution of Leu130Ile, the thermal stabilities of the snake enzymes were higher than those of their wild-type counterparts and similar to mam-malian wild-type enzyme levels....

8p tumor12 20-04-2013 41 3   Download

Humanpancreatic secretions contain twomajor trypsinogen isoforms, cationic and anionic trypsinogen, normally at a ratio of 2 : 1. Pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer and chronic alcoholism lead to a characteristic reversal of the isoform ratio, and anionic trypsinogen becomes the predominant zymogen secreted. To understand the biochemical conse-quences of these alterations, we recombinantly expressed and purified both human trypsinogens and documented characteristics of autoactivation, autocatalytic degradation and Ca 2+ -dependence....

12p fptmusic 16-04-2013 40 3   Download

Human amylin (hA) is a small fibrillogenic protein that is the major con-stituent of pancreatic islet amyloid, which occurs in most subjects with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2Dm). There is growing evidence that hA toxic-ity towards islet b-cells is responsible for their gradual loss of function in T2Dm. Preventing hA-mediated cytotoxicity has been proposed as a route to halt the progression of this disease, although this has not yet been dem-onstratedin vivo.

11p fptmusic 12-04-2013 30 1   Download

Crk belongs to a family of adapter proteins whose structure allows interaction with tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins and is therefore an important modulator of downstream signals, representing a convergence of the actions of numerous stimuli. Recently, it was demonstrated that chole-cystokinin (CCK) induced tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins related to fiber stress formation in rat pancreatic acini.

8p fptmusic 12-04-2013 42 2   Download

Cdx-2 is a transactivator for the proglucagon gene in pancreatic and intes-tinal endocrine cells. Cdx-2 is also expressed in differentiated intestinal epi-thelia of nonendocrine origin. Cdx-2 –⁄ – mice are embryonic lethal, while Cdx-2 +⁄ – mutants show multiple malfunctions including the formation of intestinal polyps.

14p awards 06-04-2013 48 4   Download

The leptin receptor (LEPR) is a class I cytokine receptor signalling via both the janus kinase⁄signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK⁄STAT) and the MAP kinase pathways. In addition, leptin has been shown previously to activate AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) in skeletal muscle. To enable a detailed analysis of leptin signalling in pancreatic beta cells, LEPR point mutants with single or combined exchanges of the three intracellular tyrosines were expressed in HIT-T15 insulinoma cells....

11p awards 05-04-2013 32 3   Download

We purified pancreatic deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) from the shark Heterodontus japonicususing three-step column chromatography. Although its enzymatic properties resem-bled those of other vertebrateDNases I, sharkDNase I was unique inbeingabasicprotein.Full-lengthcDNAs encoding theDNases I of two shark species,H. japonicusandTriakis scyllia, were constructed from their total pancreatic RNAs using RACE.

8p awards 05-04-2013 47 4   Download

Transport of presecretory proteins into the mammalian rough endoplasmic reticulum involves a protein translocase that comprises the integral membrane proteins Sec61ap, Sec61bp, and Sec61cp as core components. Electron microscopic analysis of protein translocase in rough micro-somal membranes suggested that between three and four heterotrimeric Sec61p complexes form the central unit of protein translocase.

8p awards 05-04-2013 57 3   Download

Inhibitors targeting pancreatic a-amylase and intestinal a-glucosidases delay glucose production following digestion and are currently used in the treatment of Type II diabetes. Maltase-glucoamylase (MGA), a family 31 glycoside hydrolase, is ana-glucosidase anchored in the membrane of small intestinal epithelial cells responsible for the final step of mammalian starch digestion leading to the release of glucose.

11p inspiron33 26-03-2013 46 3   Download

It has been previously reported that the structure of a human pancreatic ribonuclease variant, namely PM8, constitutes a dimer by the exchange of an N-terminal domain, although in an aqueous solution it is found mainly as a monomer. First, we investigated the solution conditions that favour the dimerization of this variant.

11p inspiron33 26-03-2013 52 5   Download

Amylin-mediated isletb-cell death is implicated in diabetogenesis. We pre-viously reported that fibrillogenic human amylin (hA) evokesb-cell apopto-sis through linked activation of Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK 1) and a caspase cascade. Here we show that p38 kinase [p38 mitogen-activated pro-tein (MAP) kinase] became activated by hA treatment of cultured b-cells whereas extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) did not;

13p inspiron33 25-03-2013 44 4   Download

Human amylin is a small fibrillogenic protein that is the major constituent of pancreatic islet amyloid, which occurs in most subjects with type 2 dia-betes. There is evidence that it can elicitin vitro apoptosis in isletb-cells, but the physical properties that underpin its cytotoxicity have not been clearly elucidated.

11p inspiron33 25-03-2013 40 5   Download

Mesotrypsin, an inhibitor-resistant human trypsin isoform, does not acti-vate or degrade pancreatic protease zymogens at a significant rate. These observations led to the proposal that mesotrypsin is a defective digestive protease on protein substrates. Surprisingly, the studies reported here with a1 -antitrypsin (a1AT) revealed that, even though mesotrypsin was com-

13p inspiron33 25-03-2013 32 5   Download

Translating proteases as inactive precursors, or zymogens, protects cells from the potentially lethal action of unregulated proteolytic activity. Here, we impose this strategy on bovine pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase A) by creating a zymogen in which quiescent ribonucleolytic activity is activated by the NS3 protease of the hepatitis C virus.

9p inspiron33 23-03-2013 37 4   Download

Prolonged exposure of pancreatic beta cells to the sulfonylureas glibenca-mide and tolbutamide induces subsequent desensitization to the actions of these drugs. The precise mechanisms underlying this desensitization remain unknown, prompting the present study, which investigated the impact of prolonged sulfonylurea exposure on glucose and energy metabolism using clonal pancreatic BRIN-BD11 beta cells.

9p inspiron33 23-03-2013 42 4   Download