Reduction reaction

The paper explores the application of the Modal Truncation algorithm in Model Order Reduction, focusing on its effectiveness in reducing high-dimensional mathematical model. The algorithm identifies dominant modes governing dynamic responses, discards the high-order model, and reconstructs a new model with reduced dimensions.

6p viengfa 28-10-2024 3 2   Download

Uniform and magnetic recyclable hollowsphere Zn doped Fe3O4 were successfully synthesized via simple one-pot solvothermal route. Morphology and structure of as-obtained products was characterized by XRD, SEM, HRTEM methods. The Zn-doped Fe3O4 hollowsphere exhibited high photocatalytic activity for degradation of hexavalent chromium under visible light irradiation.

5p vikwong 29-09-2024 2 1   Download

This paper presents the application of HKUST-1 as a catalyst for the reduction reaction to produce 4- aminophenol (4-AP) - a pharmaceutical precursor for the synthesis of paracetamol.

10p vikwong 29-09-2024 1 0   Download

The catalyst 7.5% NiO/TiO2 and seven samples of NiO/γ-Al2O3 with NiO content from 7.5% to 60% have been obtained and studied. Physico-chemical characteristics of the catalysts were determined by methods of Adsorption (BET), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), TemperatureProgrammed Reduction (TPR) and Hydrogen Pulse Titration. The catalytic properties of the obtained samples were investigated in the reaction of CO methanation at temperatures 180 – 220◦C and mole ratios hydrogen/carbon monoxide 25-100.

16p 12120609 01-06-2020 6 1   Download

In this work, nanoscale bimetallic PtNi, PtCo, PtCu catalysts on carbon Vulcan XC72R as supports were synthesized by reduction method under ultrasonic irradiation. The morphology, structure and specific area of synthesized materials were characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The catalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) of PtM/C was investigated by CV and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) under simulated fuel cell working conditions.

8p abcxyz123_02 03-03-2020 9 1   Download

Balancing oxidation-reduction equations, oxidation-reduction reactions, voltaic cells, cell EMF, effect of concentration on cell EMF is the main content of the lecture "Chapter 20: Electrochemistry". Invite you to consult the detailed content lectures to capture details.

59p leminhuy 01-11-2015 38 3   Download

Six new benzopyran derivatives were synthesized by reduction reaction and Michael reaction from malloapelta B.

5p uocvong04 24-09-2015 45 4   Download

The results of the reaction of selective reduction of NOx by C3H6 on the catalyst Cu/ZSM-5 with the presence of oxygen shown that there was a monotone relation between conversion degree of NOx and the amount of chemically adsorbed NOx [1]. Besides, the existence of amount of irreversiblely adsorbed C3H6 (C3H6ir) on the surface of catalyst Cu/ZSM-5 was detected [2]. The results of the role of C3H6irr towards reduction activity NOx in the studied reaction is presented in this article.

4p uocvong04 24-09-2015 26 3   Download

The convenient and simple method for the synthesis of 2-(bromomethyl)aziridines was developed. The condensation of aromatic aldehydes and allylamine gave the N-aryllithene-2- propenylamines 6a-c and the subsequent bromination of N-aryllidene-2-propenylamines 6a-c afforded N-(arylidene)-2,3-dibromopropylamines 7a-c. Finally, The reductive and intramolecular cyclization reaction of N-(arylidene)-2,3-dibromopropylamines 7a-c by treatment with sodium borohydride obtained the 2-(bromomethyl)aziridines in high yield.

4p uocvong04 24-09-2015 34 2   Download

The synthesis of imidazo[1,2-a]-pyridine derivatives was carried out by subsequential reactions: condensation, substitution and reduction, using the commercially available 2- aminopyridine as starting material.

4p uocvong04 24-09-2015 52 2   Download

The aldo-keto reductase (AKR) superfamily comprises proteins that catalyse mainly the reduction of carbonyl groups or carbon–carbon double bonds of a wide variety of substrates including steroids. Such types of reactions have been proposed to occur in the biosynthetic pathway of the cardiac glycosides produced by Digitalis plants. Two cDNAs encoding leaf-specific AKR proteins (DpAR1 and DpAR2) were isolated from a D. purpurea cDNA library using the rat D4-3-ketosteroid 5b-reductase clone.

9p system191 01-06-2013 41 4   Download

The prokaryotic ATP-citrate lyase is considered to be a key enzyme of the carbon dioxide-fixing reductive tricarboxylic acid (RTCA) cycle. Kinetic examination of the ATP-citrate lyase from the green sulfur bacterium Chlorobium limicola (Cl-ACL), an a4b4 heteromeric enzyme, revealed that the enzyme displayed typical Michaelis-Menten kinetics toward ATP with an apparent Km value of 0.21 ± 0.04 mM. However, strong negative cooperativity was observed with respect to citrate binding, with a Hill coefficient (nH) of 0.45. ...

8p research12 01-06-2013 40 4   Download

4-Coumarate:CoA ligase (4CL) is involved in the formation of coenzyme A thioesters of hydroxycinnamic acids that are central substrates for subsequent condensation, reduction, and transfer reactions in the biosynthesis of plant phenylpropanoids. Previous studies of 4CL appear to suggest that many isoenzymes are functionally equivalent in supplying substrates to various subsequent branches of phenylpropanoid biosyntheses. In contrast, divergent members of a 4CL gene family were identified in soybean (Glycine max L.).

12p research12 01-06-2013 54 5   Download

Propionate CoA-transferase fromClostridium propionicum hasbeenpuri®edand thegene encoding the enzymehasbeen cloned and sequenced. The enzyme was rapidly and irre-versibly inactivated by sodium borohydride or hydroxyl-amine in the presence of propionyl-CoA. The reduction of the thiol ester between a catalytic site glutamate and CoA with borohydride and the cleavage by hydroxylamine were used to introduce a site-speci®c label, which was followed by MALDI-TOF-MS. This allowed the identi®cation of glutamate 324 at the active site. ...

9p research12 29-04-2013 30 4   Download

Membrane-bound transhydrogenases are conformationally driven proton-pumps which couple an inward proton translocation to the reversible reduction of NADP + by NADH(forward reaction). This reaction is stimulatedby an electrochemical protongradient,Dp, presumably throughan increased release of NADPH. The enzymes have three domains: domain II spans the membrane, while domain I and III are hydrophilic and contain the binding sites for NAD(H) andNADP(H), respectively.

11p research12 23-04-2013 35 3   Download

Tightly coupled inside-out vesicles were prepared from Paracoccus denitrificanscells (SPP, sub-Paracoccusparticles) and characterized kinetically. The rate of NADHoxidation, catalysed by SPP, increases 6–8 times on addition of gram-icidin. The vesicles are capable of catalysing DlH + -dependent reverse electron transfer fromquinol toNAD + . The kinetic parameters of the NADH-oxidase and the reverse electron transfer carried out by membrane-bound P. denitrificanscomplex I were estimated and compared with those of the mitochondrial enzyme. ...

5p research12 23-04-2013 43 3   Download

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) catalyzes the reversible conversion between isocitrate and 2-oxoglutarate accom-panied by decarboxylation/carboxylation and oxidoreduc-tion of NAD(P) + cofactor.While this enzyme has beenwell studiedas a catabolic enzyme in the tricarboxylicacid (TCA) cycle, here we have characterized NADP-dependent IDH fromChlorobiumlimicola, agreen sulfur bacteriumthat ®xes CO2 through the reductive tricarboxylic acid (RTCA) cycle, focusing on theCO2-®xation ability of the enzyme. ...

6p research12 23-04-2013 45 3   Download

In Klebsiella pneumoniae, the flavoprotein, NifL regulates NifA mediated transcriptional activation of the N2-fixation (nif) genes in response tomolecular O2and ammonium.We investigated the influence of membrane-bound oxidoreduc-tases on nif-regulation by biochemical analysis of purified NifLandbymonitoringNifA-mediated expressionofnifH¢-¢lacZ reporter fusions in different mutant backgrounds. NifL-bound FAD-cofactor was reduced by NADH only in the presence of a redox-mediator or inside-out vesicles derived from anaerobically grown K.pneumoniaecells,...

12p tumor12 20-04-2013 33 4   Download

The kinetic properties of glycine oxidase fromBacillus sub-tiliswere investigated using glycine, sarcosine, andD-proline as substrate. The turnover numbers at saturating substrate andoxygen concentrationswere 4.0 s )1 ,4.2s )1 ,and3.5 s )1 , respectively, with glycine, sarcosine, andD-proline as sub-strate. Glycine oxidase was converted to a two-electron reduced form upon anaerobic reduction with the individual substrates and its reductive half-reaction was demonstrated tobe reversible.

9p tumor12 20-04-2013 38 4   Download

Human alcohol dehydrogenase 3/glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase was shown to rapidly and irreversibly catalyse the reductive breakdown of S-nitroso-glutathione. The steady-state kinetics of S-nitrosogluta-thione reduction was studied for the wild-type and two mutated forms of human alcohol dehydrogenase 3, muta-tions that have previously been shown to affect the oxidative efficiency for the substrate S-hydroxymethylglutathione.

8p tumor12 20-04-2013 31 2   Download