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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
AND TRAINING
MINISTRY OF
DEFENSE
VIET NAM MILIRATY MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
NGUY N TU N ANHỄ Ấ
STUDY ON CLINICAL, PARACLINICAL FEATURES,
GENOTYPE OF PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII CAUSING
PNEUMONIA IN HIV/AIDS PATIENTS
Specilize: Internal medicine
Indentification number: 9720107
SUMMARY OF MEDICAL THESIS
HA NOI – 2020
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THE RESEARCH WAS PERFORMED AT:
VIET NAM MILITARY MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
Scientific instructors:
1. Prof. Ph.D. Do Quyet
2. Assoc.Prof. PhD. Thai Khac Chau
Judge 1: Assoc.Prof. PhD. Vu Van Giap
Judge 2: Assoc.Prof. PhD. Tran Van Khanh
Judge 3: Prof. Ph.D. Tran Viet Tien
The thesis will be defended before the Thesis Assessment Concil at
Institute level
At , date …… month……. year 2020
Be able to search the thesis at:
1. National library
2. Viet Nam Military Medical University library
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LIST OF WORKS RELATED TO THE THESIS
HAS BEEN PUBLISHED
1. Nguyen Tuan Anh, Do Quyet, Nguyen Huy Luc (2019). Clinical
characteristics and laboratory findings of PCP pneumonia in
HIV/AIDS patients at the National Hospital for Tropical
Diseases from 2014-2017. Vietnam Medical Journal, Vol. 2,
Issue 481: 64-68
2. Nguyen Tuan Anh (2019). Molecular characteristics and genotypes
of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in HIV/AIDS patients in
National Hospital for Tropical Diseases from 2014 – 2017.
Journal of Military Medicine. Vol. 7: 28-34
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RATIONALE
HIV/AIDS infection often leads to opportunistic infections due to
weakened immune system. Common opportunistic infections are
infections of the lungs, nervous system, digestive tract, skin and mucous
membranes. The lungs are the most vulnerable organ in HIV/AIDS patients, of
which Pneumocytis jirovecii (PJ) is one of the leading causes of abnormal
opportunistic disease and a major cause of severe pneumonia with high
mortality in HIV/AIDS patients. The clinical symptoms of PJ pneumonia are
gradual, dull, accompanied by a dry cough, fever, fatigue, lose weight,
increased shortness of breath, dry rales, pulmonary x-ray images and
microscopic tomography image of heterogeneous infiltrates, sporadic over two
lungs, severe cases of pneumonia can be seen infiltrating each drive, testing
reduces both erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, CD4 cells is reduced
significantly (<200 cells/ml).
With the emergence of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, PJ emerged as a
common cause of disease among HIV/AIDS patients. In the absence of
specific prophylaxis regimens, this etiology was found in more than 60% of
HIV-infected people and about 80% of people with CD4 counts <200
cells/ml. After the prophylactic drug prevention used for PJ, the incidence
of infection has decreased significantly, and continues to sharply decline
when applying highly active ARV (HAART). Even so, PJ continues to be
one of the causes of pneumonia with high morbidity and mortality among
HIV/AIDS patients.
Molecular biology techniques such as gene amplification (PCR) and
nucleotide sequencing techniques have been applied to accurately
diagnose PJ pathogen in respiratory specimens and analyze their
molecular features without using other invasive techniques. Thereby
helping to improve the efficiency of diagnosis and knowledge of
