Clinical features of gingival hyperpigmentation in Vietnamese outpatients

Gingival esthetics was considered one of the most significant aspects of aesthetic smiles, especially in those with gingival hyperpigmentation. Understanding the features, distribution, and causes impacting gingival pigmentation was critical for developing an effective treatment plan. Objectives: The prevalence of gingival hyperpigmentation in outpatients at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital; the association between gingival hyperpigmentation and age, gender, smoking status, and skin color