UNIT 4. FOR A BETTER COMMUNITY KEY
PART 1: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR REVIEW
A. VOCABULARY
ề ị annoying (adj.) ứ gây khó ch u, phi n ph c
annoyed (adj.) khó ch uị
ắ ẻ boring (adj.) chán ng t, t ạ nh t
ấ bored (adj.) ả c m th y nhàm chán
dedicated (adj.) ậ ụ t n t y
hopeless (adj.) vô v ngọ
ầ ọ hopeful (adj.) ạ l c quan, tràn đ y hi v ng
helpless (adj.) ấ ự b t l c
ữ ệ helpful (adj.) h u ích, nhi t tình
meaningless (adj.) vô nghĩa
meaningful (adj) có ý nghĩa
charity organization (n. phr.) t ổ ứ ừ ch c t ệ thi n
ệ ừ charity work (n. phr) công vi c t ệ thi n
ồ community (n.) ộ c ng đ ng
develop (n.) phát tri nể
development (n.) ể ự s phát tri n
ệ ả disadvantaged (adj) thi t thòi, có hoàn c nh khó khăn
ộ donate (v.) quyên góp ng hủ
ề donation (n.) ả ự s quyên góp, kho n ti n quyên góp
ợ ườ ủ ộ donor (n.) nhà tài tr , ng i ng h
ế ậ handicapped (adj) khuy t t t
ấ lowincome (adj.) ậ thu nh p th p
needy (adj.) ế túng thi u, nghèo
ư priority (n.) u tiên
ệ volunteer (n.) tình nguy n viên
volunteer (v.) tình nguy nệ
ệ ệ volunteer work (n. phr) công vi c tình nguy n
ả advertisement (n.) qu ng cáo
ể application (n.) ệ ứ ự s xin vi c, ng tuy n
ợ benefit (n.) l i ích
ữ ườ childless people (n. phr) nh ng ng i không có con
concerned (adj.) quan tâm, lo l ng ắ
ướ ẫ direct the traffic h ng d n giao thông (v.)
kinh nghi mệ (n.) experience
ấ ơ ở ậ c s v t ch t, trang thi ế ị t b (n.) facility
ế ươ t ng tác, ti p xúc (v.) interact
ị ườ ệ ộ job market (n. phr) th tr ng lao đ ng vi c làm
(n.) martyr li t sĩệ
ẹ ỏ (adj.) narrowminded h p hòi, nh nhen
ợ ậ (adj.) nonprofit phi l i nhu n
ồ (adj) passionate đam mê, n ng nhi ệ t
(n.) position ị v trí
ư ớ (n.) reference th gi ệ i thi u
(n. phr) remote area vùng sâu vùng xa
ướ (n. phr) running water n c máy
(n. phr) rural area vùng nông thôn
ẩ ấ (adj.) urgent ấ c p bách, kh n c p
ườ (v) widen roads ở ộ m r ng đ ng xá
B. GRAMMAR
I. PAST SIMPLE & PAST CONTINUOUS
ứ ế ứ ơ ễ Thì Quá kh đ n và thì Quá kh ti p di n
ứ ủ ộ ạ ừ 1. D ng th c c a đ ng t
ứ ơ a. Thì Quá kh đ n
ừ ộ Đ ng t to be
S + was / were + ...
Trong đó:
ủ ữ ố ớ I, He, She, It, ... • was đi v i các ch ng s ít:
ủ ữ ố ề • were đi v i: ớ You, We, They, và các ch ng s nhi u khác.
ộ Đ ng t ừ ườ th ng
S + V (past simple) + ...
Trong đó:
ộ ừ ắ có quy t c. ế • Thêm "ed" n u đó là đ ng t
ế ổ ộ ừ ấ ắ b t quy t c. ế • Không thêm "ed" mà bi n đ i khác n u là đ ng t
Ộ Ố Ộ Ừ Ấ Ắ ƯỜ Ặ M T S Đ NG T B T QUY T C TH NG G P
taught wore
→ become became → bring brought → bought buy did→ do read→ read → went go had→ have → made make met→ meet → wrote write ring see teach wear get rang→ saw→ → → got→
ộ ố ậ ấ Ex: He visited some palaces. C u y đã đi thăm m t s lâu đài.
ừ ượ ạ ổ ộ Đ ng t visit đ ứ ơ ủ ộ c thêm đu i ed thành visited d ng quá kh đ n c a đ ng
ừ t visit.
ắ ầ ư ờ It began to rain. Tr i đã b t đ u m a.
ộ ừ ế ổ ộ ừ ấ ụ Trong ví d này, đ ng t begin bi n đ i thành began vì đây là đ ng t b t
quy t c.ắ
ứ ế ễ 2. Thì Quá kh ti p di n
S + was / were + Ving + …
ủ ữ ố ớ Trong đó: I, He, She, It, ... + was đi v i các ch ng s ít:
ủ ữ ố ề + were đi v i: ớ You, We, They, và các ch ng s nhi u khác.
ở Paris. Ex: Andy was staying in Paris. Andy đang
ừ ươ ứ ủ ữ ố ớ ộ Đ ng t stay chia thành was staying t ng ng v i ch ng s ít là Andy.
ộ We were walking in the park. Chúng tôi đang đi b trong công viên.
ừ ươ ứ ủ ữ ố ề ớ ộ Đ ng t walk chia thành were walking t ng ng v i ch ng s nhi u là
We.
Ử Ụ Ệ II. KHÁC BI T TRONG CÁC CÁCH S D NG
1. Khác bi t 1 ệ
ứ ơ ể ễ ả ộ ộ ạ ể ộ ờ m t hành đ ng đã hoàn thành t i m t th i đi m trong
• Thì quá kh đ n dùng đ di n t quá kh . ứ
ứ ế ấ ạ ạ ứ ể ộ ờ ự ệ đang x y raả ễ • Thì quá kh ti p di n nh n m nh s vi c t i m t th i đi m trong quá kh .
Ex: I did my homework at 4 p.m. yesterday.
ự ệ ề ậ ớ T đã làm xong bài t p lúc 4h chi u hôm qua. s vi c đã hoàn thành vào
ề 4h chi u qua.
I was doing my homework at 4 p.m. yesterday.
ư ề ễ ậ ẫ ớ T đang làm bài t p vào lúc 4h chi u qua. v n đang di n ra, ch a hoàn
ề thành vào 4h chi u qua.
My parents got up at 5.30 a.m. yesterday.
ố ẹ ớ ậ Sáng hôm qua b m t d y lúc 5h30.
My sister and I were sleeping at 5.30 yesterday.
ị ớ ớ ẫ ủ Ch t và t v n đang ng lúc 5.30 sáng qua.
2. Khác bi t 2 ệ
ứ ơ ễ ả ộ ứ ả ỗ ộ ộ • Thì quá kh đ n: di n t m t chu i các hành đ ng trong quá kh , hành đ ng này x y ra
ườ ớ ừ ố ộ sau hành đ ng khác. Th ế ợ ng dùng k t h p v i các t n i nh ư and hay then.
ễ ộ ồ ườ ả ễ ả các hành đ ng x y ra song song đ ng th i ứ ế • Thì quá kh ti p di n: di n t ờ . Th ử ng s
ụ d ng liên t ừ while, có nghĩa là trong khi.
Ex: She came home, opened the window and turned on the TV.
ở ử ổ ấ ề ễ ầ ậ ộ ỗ ộ Cô y v nhà, m c a s và b t tivi. m t chu i các hành đ ng di n ra l n
t. ượ l
She was watching TV while her husband was cooking.
ấ ơ ấ ấ ồ ộ ả Cô y đang xem tivi trong khi ch ng cô y đang n u c m. 2 hành đ ng x y
ra cùng lúc
She came in the room and then looked around for a seat.
ế ể ấ ộ ồ Cô y vào phòng và sau đó tìm m t gh đ ng i.
He was playing a mobile game while the teacher was speaking.
ậ ấ ệ ạ ơ ộ C u y đang ch i game trên đi n tho i di đ ng trong khi cô giáo đang
ả gi ng bài.
Ế Ợ Ứ Ế Ễ Ứ Ơ III. K T H P THÌ QUÁ KH Đ N VÀ QUÁ KH TI P DI N
ể ễ ả ộ ế ợ ứ ế ứ ơ ễ K t h p thì quá kh đ n và quá kh ti p di n, s d ng ử ụ when ho c ặ while đ di n t m t
ả ộ ộ hành đ ng đang x y ra thì hành đ ng khác xen vào.
ứ ế ễ ượ ể ễ ả ộ ườ ơ c dùng đ di n t hành đ ng ả đang x y ra, th ng là dài h n,
ượ • Thì quá kh ti p di n đ lâu h nơ và đ c đi v i ớ while ho c ặ when.
ứ ơ ễ ả ộ ớ ỉ • Thì quá kh đ n di n t hành đ ng when . xen vào và ch đi v i
Ư L U Ý:
ứ ệ ầ ầ ấ ẩ ề • Khi When ho c ặ While đ ng đ u câu thì c n có d u ph y ngăn cách 2 m nh đ .
ứ ữ ệ ề ầ ấ ẩ • Khi when ho c ặ while đ ng gi a 2 m nh đ thì không c n d u ph y.
ộ • Không dùng when và while trong cùng m t câu.
Ex: When the phone rang, we were having dinner.
ệ ạ ố Khi đi n tho i kêu, chúng tôi đang ăn t i.
ụ ở ứ ơ Trong ví d trên, ệ the phone rang là vi c xen vào nên chia quá kh đ n và đi v i ớ When,
ệ ả ở ứ ế ễ còn we were having dinner là vi c đang x y ra nên chia thì quá kh ti p di n.
ể ế Câu trên cũng có th vi t thành:
The phone rang while we were having dinner.
ệ ạ ố Đi n tho i kêu trong khi chúng tôi đang ăn t i.
ở ứ ế ễ Trong câu này, we were having dinner chia thì quá kh ti p di n, đi v i ớ while. Liên t ừ
ứ ở ữ ầ ấ ẩ while đ ng gi a câu nên không c n d u ph y.
When the teacher asked me a question, I wasn't listening.
ắ ỏ Khi cô giáo h i tôi, tôi đang không chú ý l ng nghe.
We arrived at school while it was raining. (We arrived at school when it was
raining.)
ế ườ ư Chúng tôi đ n tr ờ ng trong khi tr i đang m a.
PART 2: EXERCISES
A. PHONETICS
I. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the
others'.
1. A. disadvantaged B. handicapped C. bored D. annoyed
2. A. donation B. priority C. hopeless D. lowincome
3. A. development B. dedicated C. devoted D. describe
4. A. development B. improvement C. documentary D. environment
5. A. organisation B. disadvantaged C. meaningless D. obvious
II. Choose the word that has the underlined partpronounced differently from the
others'.
1. A. rural B. surprise C. successful D. volunteer
2. A. application B. benefit C. nonprofit D. narrowminded
3. A. reference B. remote C. reaction D. creation
4. A. area B. market C. martyr D. archaeology
5. A. development B. demonstrate C. dedicated D. delicate
B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
I. Choose the options that best fit the blanks.
1. Your music is very ____. Can't you just stop it?
A. annoying B. interesting C. annoyed D. bored
2. If you can do something to help others, you will find your life ____.
A. meaningful B. meaningless C. helpless D. interested
3. Some of the students were ____ at English, so volunteer teachers had to try very hard.
A. hopeless B. hopeful C. endless D. excited
4. She wishes she could do some _____ work this summer.
A. voluntarily B. volunteerism C. volunteer D. volunteering
5. Life is sometimes very harsh for ____ families in big cities.
A. lowlyincome B. lowincome C. highlyincome D. highincome
6. The local government provides financial support to the children of ____ parents.
A. needful B. needed C. needblind D. needy
7. This charity provides financial support and mental comfort to ____ children.
A. advantaged B. disadvantaged C. advantageous D.
disadvantageous
8. You can ____ books, clothes, medicine and money to this charity.
A. donor B. donate C. devote D. dedicate
II. Fill the blanks with the correct forms of the words given: prioritize, meaning, hope,
dedication, boredom, donate
1. He is a ______boring____ person. I don't want to talk to him.
2. Her story is nonsense. It seems ______meaningless______ to me.
3. Quality education should be a top _____priority_____ in developing countries.
4. We received a ____donation____ of 50 million VND from an anonymous donor
yesterday.
5. She is ____dedicated_____ to her job at the charity centre. She spends most of her free
time there.
6. Do you feel ____hopeful____ about the result? Yes, I think I performed well at the
interview.
III. Choose the underlined part that needs correcting.
1. It was rainingso heavily while we arrived at the beach.
A B C D
2. I was coming home this morning when I was seeing Kate waitingat the bus stop.
A B C D
3. When he was calling me, I was doingthe cooking for dinner.
A B C D
4. He putted the letter on the table and then he got out to take a taxi.
A B C D
5. While we talked, someone in the same room was recording our conversation.
A B C D
6. While Hung arrivedat the airport, his family and close friends were waiting for him.
A B C D
7. Actually, during I came to see you this morning, I just wanted you to help me.
A B C D
8. We played some games, teaching the disadvantaged children and gave clothes to them.
A B C D
IV. Match each word with its correct meaning.
1. advertisement A. communicate with people when you spend time with them
B. knowledge and skills gained through doing something E 2. benefit
C. a helpful and useful effect C 3. passionate
D. having strong enthusiasm for something D 4. experience
E. something that tells people about a film, a job or a service. B 5. interact
A
V. Choose the options that best fit the blanks.
1. Volunteer work helps young people know their strong and weak points before they enter
the ____.
A. job world B. professional market C. job market D. position
market
2. If we ____ the roads in this area, the economy can develop.
A. stretch B. increase C. widen D. restrict
3. She has a lot of ____ in this field, so she was offered the job.
A. contact B. involvement C. maturity D. experience
4. Taking care of the needs of the old, the sick and the homeless is our ____.
A. top priority B. top preference C. utmost importance D. chief
priority
5. Local people in this neighborhood have been supplied with ____ for five years now.
A. pipes B. river water C. running water D. rainwater
6. Mary wrote a letter of ____ to Microsoft yesterday after seeing their advertisement in the
morning.
A. position B. appliance C. employment D. application
7. Building necessary ____ such as hospitals, schools and parks is important.
A. facilities B. services C. equipment D. utensils
8. My sister is writing a letter to apply for the ____ of an English teacher at the center.
B. position C. place D. Both A & B are A. vacancy
correct.
VI. Choose the options that best fit the blanks.
1. What ____ in Paris in 2004?
A. did you do B. were you doing C. you did D. were
you
2. I ____ in the queue when I ____ that I had lost my wallet.
A. was standing was realizing B. stood was realizing
C. was standing realized D. stood realized
3. What ____ _when you injured your finger? I was playing volleyball.
A. did you do B. were you C. you did D. were you doing
4. This time last week, we ____ for the exam. It was so hot in the examination room.
A. would have been sitting B. had been sitting C. sat D. were sitting
5. When I first saw Miriam, I ____ her to come in for tea and we talked for nearly two hours.
A. invited B. invite C. have invited D. was inviting
6. The girls were chatting ____ the boys were playing games.
B. while C. during D. at the same A. when
time
7. While the teacher was explaining to the whole class, she ____ carefully.
A. didn't listen B. wasn't listening C. had listened D. wasn't listened
8. We arrived at the hotel quite early, ____ in and had lunch.
A. checking B. checked C. was checking D. to check
9. She ____ in Provence, France for two years when she was a student.
A. was living B. lived C. had lived D. has lived
10. ____ my mother and I were cooking in the kitchen, John came in and broke the dish.
B. While C. During D. Both A & B are A. When
correct.
VII. Choose the correct forms of the verbs.
Nelson Mandela (1918 – 2013) was born to a poor family in a small village in South
Africa. As the first child in the family to go to school, he _____showed_____ (1. show) an
interest in political issues and was forced to leave his first university for protesting.
At that time, as a result of apartheid, black and white people were separated from each
other. Black people had to live in rural areas and farm on infertile lands. Witnessing all those
injustices, Mandela ___joined___ (2. join) a group and ______fought_____ (3. fight) against
the government. However, the ruling government ____arrested____ (4. arrest) him in 1962
and ___put___ (5. put) him into prison for the next 27 years. When he was in prison, he
____began____ (6. begin) to find out more about his struggles for democracy and justice.
Released in 1990, Mandela ____kept___ (7. keep) fighting against the ruling
government and black people in the world already ____considered_____ (8. consider) him
their hero. Eventually, his struggles ____got____ (9. got) successful results as they put an
end to apartheid. Nelson Mandela _____became_____ (10. become) the first democratically
elected president of South Africa.
VIII. Determine whether the following sentences are Corrector Incorrect.
1. I was going out for a walk when I came across an old friend.
Corrector
2. My brother was playing video games, when my father suddenly came in.
Incorrect
3. I finished my homework and then I went to my friend's house.
Corrector
4. While my mother was watching her favourite Indian film, my father was reading a
newspaper. Corrector
5. John was hurting his ankle while we were playing tennis.
Incorrect
6. They were active in community service when they were young.
Corrector
IX. Fill the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs given: buy, walk, meet, teach,
promise, sleep
1. My father _______bought______ me this Tshirt on his trip to Nha Trang last summer.
2. He _____promised______ me to come back early and then he wore his boots and went in
the rain.
3. We _____were walking_______ on the beach when it started to rain.
4. The twins were whispering about their toys while their parents _____were
sleeping______.
5. My sister ______was teaching______ me English when we noticed someone enter our
house.
6. We _______met_________ Jack and Rosy on our way home from school yesterday.
X. Give the correct forms (Past Simple or Past Continuous) of the verbs given in the
brackets.
1. Susan ____was studying_______ (study) in her room when she heard the noise.
2. What _____were they doing_______ (they, do) at eleven p.m. last night it was so noisy?
3. After going to the library, I _____met_______ (meet) Jane and we went out for some
coffee.
4. I was eight years old when my elder sister _____taught_____ (teach) me how to ride a
bike.
5. John _______did not go_______ (not go) to school last week because he was ill.
6. I didn't know anything about the plane crash in my neighborhood because I ____was
working____ (work) inside at that time.
7. My mother ______gave_____ (give) me ten dollars and asked me to go to the supermarket.
8. The children _____were playing_____ (play) in the living room when they broke the vase.
9. I ____bought______ (buy) this coat in 2009, but it is still fashionable.
10. My grandmother was making breakfast while my grandfather ____was doing____ (do)
the gardening.
C. READING
I. Read the passage and write A, B, or C.
A: I spent the month of November 2015 volunteering in South Africa. For the first
two weeks, I worked with 2 to 4 kids in grades 1 and 2 on Maths and literacy skills. I guided
them and measured their progress so that other volunteers could take on my work after I left.
For the last two weeks, I instructed the small kids to do personal hygiene and make toys. I
had a lot of fun working with them.
B: Working with people living with HIV/AIDS is always emotionally and technically
demanding. Before my volunteer trip to Ghana, I got training about HIV/AIDS. I worked
with different groups of people. It was very emotional when I visited and played with
children with HIV/AIDS in orphanages. I also visited schools, universities and households to
give presentations and leaflets about HIV/AIDS. I had never felt
so helpful before. I can't wait for my next trips to other African countries.
C: My main duty was to provide financial advice for poor households in Kenya. I had
to adapt myself immediately to the new weather, new people and new food there.
Fortunately, my host family was the most selfless and encouraging people I'd ever known. I
lived with three other volunteers, and the host family considered us as their daughters. I loved
dinner time when all the family members gathered together and told jokes. Sometimes, I
helped the children in the family with their homework. I feel so blessed I've known them in
my life.
1. _____C_____ mentioned a specific time of the day he/she enjoyed the most
2. ___A____ only worked with children
3. ___A_____ told the specific time he/she did volunteer work
4. ____C_____ helped people with problems related to money
5. ____B_____ wished to go to other African countries
6. ____A_____ his/her work was closely related to other volunteers'
7. ____B______ work worked with different groups of people
8. ____B_____ felt that he/she was very helpful
9. ____C_____ adapted himself/ herself quickly to a new environment
10. ____A____ taught children how to keep their bodies clean
11. ____C_____ feel very lucky because of knowing some people
12. ____C_____ helped someone with their homework
13. ____B______ mentioned training before his/her trip
14. _____B______ accepted that his/her volunteer work is demanding
15. _____C______ stayed with other volunteers in a same family
II. Choose the best answer to fill in the blank.
THE LOST PROPERTY OFFICE
Recently I read a magazine article about the things that people lose ____ (1) they
travel on the London Underground. I couldn't believe it at first. ____ (2) you are a violinist,
and when you ____ (3) off at your station, you leave your violin on the train. It seems strange
that nobody says, "____ (4) me, but I think you've forgotten something". I suppose the
violinist ____ (5) have been thinking of someone else, and there might ____ (6) have been
any other passengers on the train. Still, why didn't the violinist ____ (7) to the lost property
office? All the lost property on the underground system ____ (8) to be sent to this office, so if
you lose anything you can easily get it ____ (9). In this case, the violinist must have ____
(10) very absentminded. Perhaps he or she didn't have to play the violin ever again after this
journey.
1. A. during B. when C. since D. after
2. A. Suppose B. If D. Sometimes C. While
3. A. go B. step C. get D. walk
4. A. Help B. It's C. Excuse D. Sorry
5. A. should B. might C. who D. to
6. A. not B. often C. then D. so
7. A. tell B. find C. visit D. go
8. A. has B. must C. needs D. should
9. A. again B. back C. return D. too
10. A. felt B. had C. been D. because
III. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. It took her two hours to do housework yesterday.
A. She spent two hours to doing housework yesterday.
B. It took her two hours doing housework yesterday.
C. She spent two hours doing housework yesterday.
D. Do housework yesterday took him two hours.
2. The weather is very cold, so they can't go swimming.
A. The weather is so cold that they can't go swimming.
B. The weather isn't cold enough for them to go swimming.
C. The weather is too cold for them going swimming.
D. It is so a cold weather that they can't go swimming.
3. My friend is living in Moscow. I received this letter from him.
A. My friend, whom I received this letter, is living in Moscow.
B. My friend, from whom I received this letter, is living in Moscow.
C. My friend whom I received this letter from is living in Moscow.
D. My friend, that I received this letter, is living in Moscow.
4. They saw the children play football in the street.
A. The children were being seen to play football in the street.
B. The children were seen to playing football in the street.
C. The children were seen play football in the street.
D. The children were seen to play football in the street.
5. I have never been to France before.
A. It's the first time that I've gone to France. B. It's the first time that I went to
France.
C. It's the first time that I've been to France. D. It's the first time that I was to
France.
6. It's a pity that you didn't tell us about this.
A. I wish you told us about this. B. I wish you had told us about
this.
C. I wish you would tell us about this. D. I wish you have told us about
this.
7. He's getting them to mend the windows.
A. He's having the windows to mend. B. He's having to mend the
windows.
C. He's having to be mended the windows. D. He's having the windows
mended.
8. It started to rain at 2 o'clock and it is still raining.
A. It has been raining at 2 o'clock. B. It has been raining since 2
o'clock.
C. It has been raining for 2 o'clock. D. It has been raining in 2
o'clock.
9. They made her hand over her passport.
A. She was made to hand over her passport.
B. She was made hand over her passport.
C. She was handed over to make her passport.
D. She was handed over for her passport to make.
10. I tried to eat the cake, but it was too sweet.
A. It was such a sweet cake that I couldn't eat it. B. It was so sweet cake that I
couldn't eat it.
C. The cake was too sweet that I couldn't eat it. D. The cake was very sweet that I
couldn't eat it.
11. My brother and I went to that school.
A. I went to that school and my brother, too. B. I went to that school and so
my brother did.
C. I went to that school and so did my brother. D. I went to that school and so
my brother did, too.
12. She said to us: "Don't be late again."
A. She said to us not to be late again. B. She told us to be not late
again.
C. She told to us not to be late again. D. She told us not to be late
again.
13. I often get up early in the morning.
A. I am used to getting up early in the morning. B. I am used to get up early in the
morning.
C. I used to get up early in the morning. D. I used to getting up early in
the morning.
14. Getting a good job doesn't interest him.
A. He isn't good at getting an interesting job. B. He isn't interested in getting a
good job.
C. He is only interested in getting a good job. D. Even a good job isn't suitable
to him.
15. The garden is too small to play football in.
A. The garden is so small not to play football in.
B. The garden is small enough to play football in.
C. The garden isn't big enough to play football in.
D. The garden is such small that they can't play football in.
D. WRITING
I. Writing an application letter for volunteer work
1000 Lang Street
Dong Da, Hanoi
20 Judy, 2017
Director
Heart to Heart Charity Office
18 Bao Loc Street, Hanoi
Dear Sir or Madam,
I saw your advertisement on Facebook on Judy 19th, I am writing to apply for the
job of a volunteer at your Heart to Heart Charity Office.
I have experience in doing office work. Last semester, I had a chance to
volunteer at Kim Lien School as a front office staff. My main duties were to welcome
guests and donors.
I am reliable, active, hardworking and good at communication. If necessary, I
can send you a reference from my teacher and a copy of my volunteer certificate.
I am available for an interview any day from eight a.m. to four p.m., except
Sunday. If I am selected as a volunteer at your Office, I can start working from June 24
or earlier if required.
I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours faithfully,
Nguyen Minh Tien
II. Rewrite the following sentences without changing their meaning, using the given
words.
1. If they had left earlier, they wouldn't have missed the train.
Had ______they left earlier, they wouldn't have missed the train _______
2. My mother is making a cake for my birthday.
A cake _____is being made for my birthday by my mother_____
3. "Don't be afraid," he said to his daughter.
He told _____his daughter not to be afraid_____
4. I have never been late for work before.
Never before _____have I been late for work______
5. It's so cold. I don't like it at all.
I wish _______it wasn’t so cold_______
6. Our company spent thousands of dollars upgrading our computer systems.
It took _______our company thousands of dollars to upgrade our computer
systems ______
7. Do you understand what he means?
Are you ______aware of what he means________
8. She can't sleep at night because she has a backache.
Because of ______her backache, she can't sleep at night ________
9. I prefer you not to tell anyone about this.
I'd rather you _____didn’t tell anyone about this______
10. No sooner had I entered the room than the light went out.
Hardly ______had I entered the room when the light went out________
PART 3: TEST YOURSELF
A. PHONETICS
I. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others in
each group.
1. A. returned B. cursed C. started D. learned
2. A. construction B. physical C. industry D. satisfy
3. A. recent B. receive C. faucet D. efficient
4. A. eruption B. tradition C. suggestion D. addition
5. A. beard B. search C. pearl D. heard
II. Choose the word whose main stress is placed differently from the others in each
group.
1. A. communicate B. effectively C. efficiency D. innovation
2. A. occasional B. industrial C. information D. variety
3. A. plentiful B. adequate C. relative D. excellent
4. A. distinguish B. compliment C. slavery D. natural
5. A. compost B. migrant C. typhoon D. electric
B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
I. Choose the best answer from the four options marked A, B, C or D to complete each
sentence below.
1. You have never been to England, ____ you?
A. haven't B. have C. never D. ever
2. Many students go there on weekends to have a rest after a week.
A. working hard B. hardly C. hard working D. worked
3. Ba dropped his watch when he was ____ the bus.
A. turning off B. getting off C. taking off D. going off
4. Mary's eyes are weak. ____, she has to wear glasses.
A. But B. However C. And D. Therefore
5. Scientists are looking for an ____ way to reduce energy consumption.
A. effective B. affection C. effect D. effectively
6. ____ to have a lunch at 12 o’clock every day?
A. Did she used B. Was she used C. Is she used D. Did she use
7. The lion tamer and his lion ____ we saw on the stage came from Moscow.
A. who B. which C. that D. whom
8. Energysaving bulbs should be used ____ electricity.
A. to save B. saving C. save D. to saving
9. Analysts suggested the country ____ its infrastructure to get foreign investment.
A. improve B. to improve C. improves D. improving
10. The report showed the U.S. trade deficit ____ in February
A. shrink B. shrunk C. shrunken D. shrinking
11. The controversial film was nominated ____ eight Academy Awards.
A. of B. about C. with D. for
12. Union members ____ the privatization of the country's airports.
A. replied B. annoyed C. protested D. identified
13. The advertising executive resigned over his inappropriate ____ made at a conference.
A. dress B. acting C. welcome D. remarks
14. Thieves made ____ over twenty thousand pounds.
A. off with B. off C. up D. up with
15. The children ____ to the zoo.
A. were enjoyed taken B. were enjoyed taking C. enjoyed being taken
D. enjoyed taking
II. Choose the underlined words or phrases (A, B, C or D) that are incorrect in standard
English.
1. It took me so many time to learn that lesson three months ago.
C A B D
2. My father has retiredsince three years and he is now living on his pension.
B A C D
3. Mrs. Brown's childrenare used to be picked up after school everyday.
A B C D
4. My father asked us not to spend too much timeplay computer games.
A B C D
5. They played so good gameof tennis last night that they surprised their audience.
A B C D
III. Give the correct form of the words in CAPITAL to complete the sentences.
1. These ____innovations_____ will conserve the earth.
INNOVATE
2. We should be more ______economical_____ with our electricity.
ECONOMIC
3. A list of _____forthcoming_____ events for the autumn is being prepared.
COME
4. The _____destruction_____ of forests has brought about serious floods recently.
DESTROY
5. My neighbors are very kind. They are ___supportive___ to me during my parents'
absence. SUPPORT
IV. Give the correct form of the verbs to complete the passage.
Last week I was walking home after playing tennis when it started raining very
heavily. “Oh no, I will get soaked before I reach home”, I thought. I wish I (1) ____had
remembered____ (remember) to bring my raincoat. But unfortunately I had left it at home.
How stupid of me! I always forget to bring it with me. Luckily just then a friend of mine
passed in her car and offered me a lift.
“Are you going home? Or do you want to go for a drink?" she asked. “I think Id rather
you (2) ___took___ (take) me home,” I said. “If I don't change my clothes, I know I (3)
___will fall__ (fall) ill, and then I won't be able to play in the tennis tournament next week.
And I (4) ___have been practicing____ (practice) hard for the last month” “I will wait for
you to change if you like” she told me. “I think it's time you (5) ___relaxed____ (relax) for a
change. You have been worrying too much, which makes you fall ill more easily. It's got
nothing to do with the rain!"
C. READING
I. Choose the best options A, B, C or D to answer the following questions.
The growth of cities, the construction of hundreds of new factories, and the spread of
railroads in the United Stases before 1850 had increased the need for better illumination. But
the lighting in American homes had improved very little over that of ancient times. Through
the colonial period, homes were lit with tallow candles or with a lamp of the kind used in
ancient Rome a dish of fish oil or other animal or vegetable oil in which a twisted rag served
as a wick. Some people used lard, but they had to heat charcoal underneath to keep it soft and
burnable. The sperm whale provided superior burning oil, but this was expensive. In 1830 a
new substance called “camphene” was patented, and it proved to be an remained expensive,
had an unpleasant odor, and also was dangerously explosive.
Between 1830 and 1850 it seemed that the only hope for cheaper illumination in the
United States was the wider use of gas. In the 1840s American gas manufacturers adopted
improved British techniques for producing illuminating gas from coal. But the expense of
piping gas to the consumer remained so high that until midcentury gas lighting was feasible
only in urban areas, and only for public buildings for the wealthy. In 1854 a Canadian doctor,
Abraham Gesner, patented a process for distilling a pitch like mineral found in New
Brunswick and Nova Scotia that produced illuminating gas and an oil that he called
“kerosene” (from “keros”, the Greek word for wax, and “ene” because it resembled
camphene). Kerosene, though cheaper than camphene, had an unpleasant odor, and Gesner
never made his fortune from it. But Gesner had aroused a new hope for making illuminating
oil from a product coming out of North American mines.
1. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason why better lighting had become
necessary by the midnineteenth century?
A. development of railroads B. demand for better medical
facilities
C. increases in the number of new factories D. growth of cities
2. The phrase "served as” is closest meaning to ____.
A. differed from B. functioned as C. rested upon D. reacted to
3. The word “this” refers to ____.
A. lard B. charcoal C. wick D. oil
4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a disadvantage of camphene?
A. high cost B. bad smell C. potential to explode D. greasy
texture
5. What can be inferred about the illuminating gas described in the paragraph?
A. It was first developed in the United States.
B. It was not allowed to be used in public buildings.
C. It was not widely available until midcentury.
D. It had an unpleasant smell.
6. The word “resembled” is closest in meaning to ____.
A. was similar to B. cost the same as C. was made from D. sounded
like
7. According to the passage, what advantage did the kerosene patented by Gesner have over
camphene?
A. Kerosene had a more pleasant smell. B. Kerosene was less expensive.
C. Kerosene burned more brightly. D. Kerosene was safer to use.
8. The word “it” refers to ____.
A. fortune B. odor C. camphene D. kerosene
9. Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage?
A. a description of events in chronological order
B. a comparison of two events
C. an analysis of scientific findings
D. the statement of a theory and possible explanations
II. Arrange these sentences of a review in the correct order.
A. He writes a letter to the company accepting the job and gives it to his son, Bobby, to post.
B. My award goes to young Justin Time, who plays Bobby.
C. Bob isn't too pleased, because he'd rather play football with his friends, but he sets off on
the long walk to the post office.
Local playwright Hanna has given her hometown a chance to see her most successful D.
play,
The Letter,
at the Lexford Playhouse.
E. The Letter is on for just one more week, so don't miss it.
F. The story is set in the 1930
G. Unaware of its importance, Bobby gives them the letter and runs off happily to play
football.
H. The play is excellent, and the lighting, scenery, and sound effects are all very good. The
cast perform it brilliantly.
I. If you want to know what happens next, you'll have to go and see the play for yourself, but
believe me, you won't regret it.
J. John Barlow, who has been out of work for several months, is offered a job by a large
engineering firm.
K. On the way he meets two older boys who offer to post the letter for him.
1. ___F___ 2. __J___ 3. ___A___ 4. ___C__ 5. ___K___
6. ___G___ 7. __I__ 8. ___H___ 9. ___B__ 10. ___E___
III. Read the following passage and decide which option A, B, C, D best fits each space.
SAVE MONEY ON THE BOOK THAT AIMS TO SAVE ANIMALS
Do you want to take part in the battle to save the world's wildlife? Animal Watch is
the book which will (1) ____ you in the fight for survival that (2) ____ many of our
endangered animals and show how they struggle on the (3) ____ of extinction.
As you enjoy the book's 250 pages and over 150 color photographs, you will have the
(4) ____ of knowing that part of your purchase money is being used to (5) ____ animals (6)
____ from the comfort of your armchair, you will be able to observe the world's animals
closeup and explore their habitats. You will also discover the terrible results of human (7)
____ for land, flesh and skins.
Animal Watch is packed with fascinating facts. Did you know that polar bears cover
their black noses (8) ____ their (9) ____ so they can hunt their prey in the snow without
being seen, for example? Or that (10) ____ each orangutan which is captured, one has to die?
1. A. combine B. involve C. bring D. lead
2. A. meets B. opposes C. forces D. faces
3. A. edge B. start C. limit D. end
B. enjoyment C. satisfaction 4. A. virtue D. value
5. A. enable B. help C. allow D. assist
6. A. preserve B. conserve C. revive D. survive
7. A. greed B. interest C. care D. concern
8. A. from B. by C. for D. with
9. A. feet B. paws C. claws D. toes
10. A. for B. at C. from D. to
D. WRITING
Rewrite the following sentences using the words in bold, in such a way that it means the
same as the one given. Do not alter these words in any way.
1. “Please don't smoke in the house." she said to us. (to)
→ She told ____ us not to smoke in the house_______
2. They're telling me that I must make a decision soon. (pressure)
→ They are _____ putting pressure on me to make a decision soon_______
3. I only found out the truth because I heard the two of them talking. (found)
→ If I ______ hadn’t heard the two of them talking, I wouldn’t have found out the
truth________
4. I bought myself some good new clothes. I need them for my new job. (which)
→ I bought myself ______ some good new clothes which I need for my new
job_______
5. I'm trying to concentrate, but all that noise you're making is distracting me. (putting)
→ I'm trying to concentrate, but all that noise ___ you’re making is putting me
off_____
Unit 5. INVENTIONS KEY
PART 1: VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR REVIEW
I. VOCABULARY
3D printer (n. phr.): máy in 3D
ề (adj.): ồ c ng k nh bulky
ụ ổ ỏ s p đ , h ng collapse (v.):
bút xóa correction pen (n.):
thi t bế ị device (n.):
ậ ố ả digital camera (n. phr.): máy nh kĩ thu t s
ể ế khuy t đi m drawback (n.):
ể ỏ tai nghe nh có th nhét vào tai earbuds (n.):
ế ị ọ ệ ử ebook reader (n. phr): thi t b đ c sách đi n t
ế ệ ề ồ economical (adj.): ti t ki m, đáng giá đ ng ti n
v iả fabric (n.):
máy xay đa năng food processor (n.):
goodfornothing (adj.): vô d ngụ
ế ị ầ thi t b c m tay handheld (n.):
tai nghe (úp vào tai) headphones (n.):
ướ ắ b t ch c, sao chép imitate (v.):
ứ ả c m h ng inspiration (n.):
ề ả ứ truy n c m h ng inspire (v.):
phát minh invention (n):
máy tính xách tay laptop (n.):
ế ằ b ng sáng ch patent (n.):
portable (adj.) ể ầ c m tay, đ mang theo
ể ế ượ runaway (adj.): ự t đi chuy n, không ki m soát đ c
ạ selfcleaning (adj.): ự t làm s ch
ệ ạ smartphone (n.): đi n tho i thông minh
ạ social networking site (n. phr.): ộ m ng xã h i
ượ solar charger (n. phr): ạ s c năng l ặ ờ ng m t tr i
speakers (n.): loa
submarine (n.): tàu ng mầ
ắ vaccination (n.): tiêm phòng v cxin
vacuum cleaner (n.): máy hút b iụ
ụ versatile (adj.): ề đa năng, nhi u công d ng
B. GRAMMAR
Ệ Ạ I. THÌ HI N T I HOÀN THÀNH (PRESENT PERFECT)
ứ ủ ộ ạ 1. D ng th c c a đ ng t ừ
L u ý ư
ừ ố ể ế ề ọ * I/ You/ We/ They/ Danh t s nhi u: have (có th vi t rút g n thành ‘ve)
ừ ố ừ ế ượ ể ế * He/She/ I/ Danh t s ít/ Danh t không đ m đ c: has (có th vi ọ t rút g n thành
's)
ứ ử ủ ộ ừ Vp.p. trong bài này là quá kh phân t c a đ ng t .
ạ ẳ ị a. D ng kh ng đ nh
ừ ộ Đ ng t “be”
S + have / has + been +...
Ex: She has been sick since Sunday,
ấ ị ố ừ ồ ủ ậ Cô y b m t h n Ch nh t.
We've been friends for ten years.
ạ ượ ồ Chúng tôi lành b i đ c 10 năm r i.
ộ Đ ng t ừ ườ th ng
S + have / has + Vp.p. + …
ị ộ Ex: My money has been stolen. (Câu b đ ng)
ị ấ ồ ề ủ Ti n c a tôi b m t r i.
I have read this book three times.
ầ ồ ớ ọ T đã đ c sách này 3 l n r i.
ủ ị ạ b. D ng ph đ nh
ừ ộ Đ ng t "be"
S + have not (haven't) / has not (hasn't) + been + ...
Ex: My mother hasn't been back yet.
ẹ ớ ẫ ư ề M t v n ch a v .
Laura and Peter haven't been in touch for years.
ạ ồ Lâu r i Laura và Peter không liên l c.
ộ Đ ng t ừ ườ th ng
S+ have not (haven't) / has not (hasn't) + Vp.p. + ...
Ex: She hasn't called me yet.
ư ọ ấ ẫ ớ Cô y v n ch a g i cho t .
We haven't seen Jack since 2015.
ể ừ ư ặ Chúng tôi ch a g p Jack k t năm 2015.
ạ ấ c. D ng nghi v n
ừ ộ Đ ng t "be"
ỏ H i: Have / Has + S + been + ...?
ả ờ Tr l i: Yes, S have/ has.
No, S haven't/ hasn't.
Ex: Has she been well yet?
ư ấ ỏ Cô y đã kh e ch a?
Yes, she has.
ỏ ồ ấ Cô y kh e r i.
ộ Đ ng t ừ ườ th ng
Have/Has + S + Vp.p. + ...
ả ờ Tr l i: Yes, S have/ has.
No, Shaven't/ hasn't.
Ex: Have you repaired my laptop yet?
ậ ử ủ ớ ư C u s a máy tính c a t ch a?
No, I haven't.
ư ử ớ ẫ T v n ch a s a.
Ệ Ạ Ủ II. CÁC CÁCH DÙNG C A HI N T I HOÀN THÀNH
ễ ả ộ ự ệ ế ạ ộ ờ ể 1. Di n t ả m t s vi c đã x y ra và k t thúc t ứ i m t th i đi m trong quá kh
ả ẫ ư ế nh ng k t qu v n còn ở ệ ạ hi n t i
Ex: My mom has tidied up my room. It looks neat now.
ớ ọ ủ ừ ẹ ờ ấ ọ M tôi v a m i d n phòng c a tôi. Bây gi trông nó r t g n gàng.
I have finished my homework. I feel really tired now.
ậ ề ớ ừ ờ ớ ự ự ả ấ ấ T v a hoàn thành xong bài t p v nhà. Bây gi th c s c m th y r t t
ệ ỏ m t m i.
ễ ả ộ ự ệ ễ ở ệ ạ ế ẫ ả 2. Di n t m t s vi c đã x y ra và v n còn ti p di n hi n t i
Ex: We have lived in this house for 10 years.
ố ở ượ ồ Chúng tôi đã s ng ngôi nhà này đ c 10 năm r i.
Mr. and Mrs. Smith have been married since last year.
ợ ồ ể ừ Cô chú Smith đã là v ch ng k t năm ngoái.
ễ ả ộ ự ệ ả ượ ờ ể ầ ồ ệ ế 3. Di n t m t s vi c đã x y ra đ c bao nhiêu l n r i tính đ n th i đi m hi n
t i. ạ
Ex: I have watched this movie several times.
ớ ượ ộ T đã xem b phim này đ ấ ầ ồ c m y l n r i.
I have been to Paris twice.
ầ ồ ế Tôi đã đ n Paris hai l n r i.
Ừ Ổ Ế Ạ Ạ Ệ II. CÁC TR NG T PH BI N TRONG THÌ HI N T I HOÀN THÀNH
1. ever (đã, t ng)ừ
ợ ộ ẳ ấ ị ừ ướ ộ ừ Dùng trong câu kh ng đ nh và nghi v n, sau tr đ ng t và tr c đ ng t chính
Ex: This is the first time I have ever been to Paris.
ầ ầ Đây là l n đ u tiên t ớ ớ t i Paris.
Have you ever been to Paris?
ạ ớ ư B n đã t i Paris ch a?
ư ừ 2. never (ch a t ng)
ợ ộ ủ ị ư ứ ẳ ị ừ ướ Dùng trong câu kh ng đ nh nh ng mang nghĩa ph đ nh, đ ng sau tr đ ng t và tr c
ừ ộ đ ng t chính
Ex: I have never been to Paris.
ớ ư ờ ế T ch a bao gi đ n Paris.
3. already (đã, r i) ồ
ợ ộ ẳ ị ừ ướ ộ ừ Dùng trong câu kh ng đ nh, sau tr đ ng t và tr c đ ng t chính
Ex: I have already been to Paris.
ế ớ ồ T đã đ n Paris r i.
4. yet (ch a) ư
ở ố ủ ị Dùng ấ cu i câu nghi v n và ph đ nh
Ex: I haven't been to Paris yet.
ớ ẫ ư ớ T v n ch a t i Paris.
Have you been to Paris yet?
ạ ớ ư B n đã t i Paris ch a?
ờ ể ắ ầ ể ừ ờ ố 4. since + m c th i gian/ th i đi m b t đ u (k t khi )
Ex: I have known Sam since 2010.
ớ ế ể ừ T bi t Sam k t năm 2010.
ờ ả ượ ồ 5. for + kho ng th i gian đ c bao lâu r i)
Ex: I have known Sam for three years.
ế ượ ồ Tôi đã bi t Sam đ c ba năm r i.
Ả Ứ Ộ Ộ Ừ Ừ Ể III. DANH Đ NG T VÀ Đ NG T NGUYÊN TH CÓ "TO" MIÊU T CH C
NĂNG
GERUND & TOINFINITIVES FOR DESCRIPTION
ừ 1. Danh đ ng tộ
ừ a. Danh đ ng tộ
ộ ừ ư ộ Danh đ ng t ộ là đ ng t ừ ượ đ c thêm đuôi ừ trong câu. ing và gi ữ vai trò nh m t danh t
Ex: Using an ebook reader is easy.
ệ ử ụ ế ị ọ ệ ử ấ ễ Vi c s d ng thi t b đ c sách đi n t r t d dàng.
ộ ộ ừ . Trong câu trên, Using là m t danh đ ng t
A washing machine is used for making clothes clean.
ệ ạ ầ Máy gi ặ ượ t đ c dùng cho vi c làm s ch qu n áo.
ộ ộ ừ . Trong câu này, making là m t danh đ ng t
ả ấ ả ộ ừ ề ộ ừ Tuy nhiên, không ph i t t c các đ ng t thêm đu i . ổ ing đ u là danh đ ng t
Ex: He is playing a new mobile game.
ậ ấ ơ ộ ơ ớ C u y đang ch i m t trò ch i m i.
ượ ế ợ ứ ế ễ ạ c k t h p v i Trong câu này, playing đ ạ ớ is, t o thành d ng th c ti p di n
ủ ộ c a đ ng t ừ play,
ả ộ ừ ộ không ph i m t danh đ ng t .
ừ ộ b. Đ ng t ể nguyên th có "to"
ừ ể ừ ể ượ ộ Đ ng t nguyên th có nguyên th đ c thêm ở ướ tr c nó. ộ to là đ ng t to
Ex: You can use a laptop to work.
ể ử ụ ể ệ ạ B n có th s d ng laptop đ làm vi c.
ộ ừ ể nguyên th có Trong câu này, to work là đ ng t to.
A fridge is used to keep food fresh.
ủ ạ ượ ể ữ ồ ươ T l nh đ c dùng đ gi đ ăn t i ngon.
ộ ộ ừ ể nguyên th có Trong câu này, to keep là m t đ ng t to.
ộ ừ ừ ể ả ứ 2. Danh đ ng t ộ và Đ ng t nguyên th có “to” miêu t ủ ậ ch c năng c a v t
ả ứ ủ ậ ụ ể ấ ớ ố Khi mu n miêu t ch c năng, m c đích c a v t gì đó, các em có th dùng c u trúc v i
ộ ừ ừ ể danh đ ng t ộ và đ ng t nguyên th .
ớ ộ a. V i gerund (danh đ ng t ừ )
use something for +Ving
Ho c ặ
Something is used for + Ving
ử ụ ề ể ấ ả C 2 c u trúc này đ u mang nghĩa s d ng cái gì đ làm gì.
Ex: We use an electric cooker for cooking rice
An electric cooker is used for cooking rice,
ể ấ ơ ồ ơ ệ N i c m đi n dùng đ n u c m.
ộ ớ ừ b. V i toinfinitive (đ ng t ể nguyên th có “to”)
ể ử ụ ứ Các em có th s d ng 1 trong 2 công th c sau:
use something to V
Ho cặ
Something is used to V
ả ấ ể C 2 c u trúc này cũng mang nghĩa: ử ụ s d ng cái gì đ làm gì .
Ex: We use an electric cooker to cook rice.
An electric cooker is used to cook rice.
ể ấ ơ ồ ơ ệ N i c m đi n dùng đ n u c m.
PART 2: EXERCISES
A. PHONETICS
I. The following noun groups and compound nouns have 2 parts. Find the word with a
stress pattern DIFFERENT from the others.
1 A. email B. tallboy C. website D. online game
2 A. soft ware B. national anthem C. city life D. video game
3. A. traffic jam B. alarm dock C. white house D. White House
4. A. laptop B. pencil case C. software D. gold brick
5. A. traditional dress B. Commonwealth C. underworld D. ebook
B. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
I. Choose the word / phrase CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part.
1. I want to buy a printer but I'm afraid it's bulky.
A. small B. inconvenient C. expensive D. big and
heavy
2. It's more economical to buy this car than that jet ski.
A. costeffective B. expensive C. insensitive D.
wasteful
3. You should store your data on Dropbox in case your computer collapses.
A. breaks down B. destroys C. runs out of power D. contains
viruses
4. This technology has some drawbacks that need improving.
A. benefits B. disadvantages C. strong points D.
qualities
5. The Ig Nobel prize is awarded to goodfornothing inventions.
A. useless B. helpful C. practical D.
applicable
6. This device imitates the movements of the mockingbirds.
A. inspires B. steals C. mimics D.
contrasts
II. Complete the sentences using the given words.
correction pen digital camera ebook reader economical handheld earbuds
1. If you have an ___ ebook reader ____, you don't have to bring all those heavy books in
your bag.
2. Can I use a _____ correction pen ______ to cover errors in my writing?
3. A normal printer is more ______ economical _____ than a 3D printer.
4. You should use this pair of _______ earbuds ________, others won't be able to hear it.
5. A ______ digital camera _________ allows us to view and edit photos easily.
6. Don't worry. This is a _____ handheld _____, so it's quite small and light.
III. Complete the sentences using the given words.
inventions social networking site patent vacuum cleaner inspired solar charger portable versatile
1. A _____ solar charger _______ takes its energy from the sun.
2. A ______ vacuum cleaner _________ helps save a lot of energy doing housework.
3. Egg is a ________ versatile _______ food. You can boil, fry or make egg soup.
4. Japanese highspeed trains' design was _______ inspired _______ by the nose of the
kingfisher.
5. This food processor is easily _____ portable _____. You can hold it with just one hand.
6 Vaccination has been considered among the most important _______ inventions ______ in
medicine.
7. The young inventor obtained a ________ patent _______ on his latest invention last week.
8. Twitter is a popular ______ social networking site _______ in Western countries.
IV. Match each heading with its correct end.
1. My brother has had his computer repaired. 2. Mark has just lost his smartphone that he A. She is reading it in her room. B. She takes a lot of beautiful photos of
bought last week. 3. My sister has downloaded her favorite e herself every day. C. It works again now.
book. 4 Minh has bought a selfie stick. 5. Since the invention of the plane, D. He is so desperate now. E. travelling long distances has been made
so much easier than ever.
1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. E
V. Choose the options that best fit the blanks.
1. I ____ this washing machine for five years now. It looks old, but it still works well.
A. have B. had C. is having D. have
had
2. Have you ever read the Wuthering Heights? Oh. That's my favourite. I ____ it many
times, at least four.
A. read B. have read C. was reading D. used to
read
3. People's lives ____ a lot thanks to the inventions of these devices.
A. was changed B. has been changed C. have changed D.
is changed
4. She ____ volleyball at high school but she didn’t like it.
A. has played B. played C. was playing D. has
been playing
5. The first actual robot ____ invented in 1961.
A. was B. has been C. used to D. were
6. Where do you live? – I ____ in Boston. I ____ there for ten years now.
A. live – have lived B. live – am living C. have lived – live D. live –
live
7. Until now, the disease ____ over thirty thousand people worldwide.
A. has killed B. killed C. kills D. is
killing
8. Liverpool football club ____ 18 Premier League titles so far.
A. won B. used to win C. win D. has won
9. I'm sorry. Mark isn't here now. He ____ to the post office.
A. went B. goes C. has been D. has
gone
10. ____ you ____ the shoplifter to the police yet?
A. Do – report B. Have – reported C. Are – reporting D.
When – reported
VI. Determine whether the following sentences are Correct or Incorrect.
1. Scientists have made significant achievements in medicine.
Correct
2. The storm uproots the trees, so we cannot travel this road now.
Incorrect
3. Our family has lived in this house when I was five years old.
Incorrect
4. People use vaccination for a long time to prevent certain diseases.
Incorrect
5. I have seen Julia three times this week. What a coincidence!
Correct
6. I feel so relieved now. My father has found the key I lost this morning.
Correct
7. I have had this laptop when I was a first year student.
Incorrect
8. I'm still working on my assignments. I haven't finished them yet.
Correct
VII. Choose the correct verbs to fill the blanks.
Brian called in sick yesterday morning. "You (1. call) ____have called___ in sick five
times this month", said his frustrated boss. Brian replied, "I'm sorry. My son (2.start)
_____started_____ day care last month and he (3. be) ____has been___ sick since then. I
am a reliable employee; and last year, I (4. not take) _______didn’t take_______ any sick
day."
Brian's boss, in a soft voice, said, "It's true. You (5. always finish) ______have
always finished_____ your work on time and you (6. bring) ____have brought___ our
company a lot of business since you (7. start) _____started____ working for us."
Brian said, "Last week, I showed Marlene the recent project I (8. work) _____have
worked____ on. I (9. believe) _____believe_____ she can help me, for she (10. work)
____has worked___ on similar projects since she was hired." "OK. Get lots of rest and we'll
see you soon.", replied his relieved boss.
VIII. Give the correct forms of the verbs given.
1. Why are you always putting your clothes in the wrong place? I ______have told_____
(tell) you so many times.
2. My favorite team _____has lost / have lost______ (lose) four matches since the beginning
of the season.
3. Since the birth of smartphones, they _____have replaced______ (replace) basic phones in
almost every part of the world.
4. We're having special chicken soup for dinner. I _____bought____ (buy) some fresh
chicken on my way home yesterday.
5. The living room looks tidy now, my sister _______has just cleaned_____ (just, clean) it.
6. Alberto _____has broken______ (break) his leg, so he can't play football in two months.
7. I haven't seen Alex for a long time. The last time we _____met______ (meet) was at high
school.
IX. Fill the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs: inspire, not have, encourage,
prefer, be
1. Teenagers now _____ prefer _____ chatting on the computers with their friends to
meeting face to face.
2. I ______didn’t have______ enough sleep last night, so I'm very tired now.
3. Since we first met at the conference, Jessica ______has encouraged______ me a lot in my
career choice.
4. I ______have been______ to Spain twice, but I haven't visited Barcelona yet.
5. For centuries, nature _____has inspired______ many scientists and inventors in their great
inventions.
X. Match each description with its correct picture.
1. This is usually used by students for calculating
with numbers.
C
A
2. Young people use this with their smartphones to
take pictures of themselves.
A
B
3. This appliance is used to store foods for a longer
time than usual.
B
C
4. Busy people can use this to do exercise at home.
E
5. This is used for making homemadeyogurt.
F
D
6. This electric device is heated to make clothes smooth.
D
E
XI. Choose the best options to fill the banks.
1. This hammer is used ____ the glass in case of emergency.
A. to break B. for break C. breaking
2. A stethoscope is applied ____ the blood pressure of patients.
A. for measure B. to measure C. in measure
3. Insulin was introduced by scientists from the University of Toronto ____ diabetes.
A. to manage B. for management C. for manage
4. You can use a jet ski ____ on both land and water.
A. travel B. for travelling C. to travelling
5. The cat is used ____ in the yard in the afternoon.
A. for lying B. to lie C. to lying
6. Don't wear high heels ____ a long distance, they can hurt your feet.
A. for travelling B. to travelling C. travel
7. Remember to use sun cream ____ getting sunburn.
A. to avoid B. for avoid C. avoiding
8. Doctors make use of anesthetic ____ pain for patients during surgery.
A. relief B. to relieve C. for relieve
XII. Give the correct forms (Ving or toV) of the verbs given.
1. A smartwatch can be used for ______measuring_______ (measure) your exercise efforts.
2. People use this electronic device ____to connect_____ (connect) with other people all
over the world.
3. This mobile application is used for recording and ____sending_____ (send) distress
signals.
4. An ebook reader is convenient; it is used _____to read_____ (read) electronic books,
newspapers or magazines.
5. Despite the convenience of motorbikes, many people ride their bicycle or walk _____to
keep____ (keep) fit.
6. This machine is used for _______massaging________ (massage) at home.
7. We can use a memory card ____to store______ (store) a lot of music or photos.
8. This robot is designed for _____helping______ (help) old people with certain household
chores.
XIII. Determine whether the following sentences are corrector incorrect.
1. This button is used to opening the suitcase.
Incorrect
2. You can use Facebook to connect with old friends or making new friends.
Incorrect
3. You should take some aspirins to get rid of your headache.
Correct
4. Study this data to gain some insights into the problem before writing.
Correct
5. Making better voice quality, use this microphone instead of that one.
Incorrect
6. People collect those samples for study the elements of the surface of the Moon.
Incorrect
XIV. Define ONE wrong word in each sentence.
1. This electric cooker is used to boil rice, not make rice porridge.
2. In Holland, people make use of windmills for production wind energy.
3. Chopping uncooked food, please use this separate knife.
4. This air conditioner is installed to keep it cool in summer and making it warm in cold
winter.
5. You can use this to find the meaning of a word or learning some examples of it.
6. This massage chair is used mainly by the elderly to relief pain.
XV. Select the correct verbs to fill the blanks. There are two redundant verbs.
to reduce to prevent for studying for encouraging to satisfy to increase for losing to cover
1. You mustn't use a correction pen ________to cover________ errors in this assignment.
2. Many young people use computers for playing games rather than ______ for studying
______?
3. Children are vaccinated ______ to prevent _____ certain common children diseases.
4. Doing karaoke is a good way __________ to satisfy ______ people's entertainment needs.
5. Don't abuse the use of that medicine ________ for losing _______ weight.
6. Birth control pill is used by many young women ________ to reduce _______ unwanted
pregnancies.
C. READING
I. Read the passage and do the tasks below
Nowadays, amid the storming development of hightech devices such as smartphones
or ebook readers, people seem to neglect the existence of certain inventions that date back
thousands of years. One of those is the mirror.
People grew a desire to see themselves as they saw their reflections in the surface of
water. Around the 600s BC, the first mirrors were made from natural materials such as
polished stones. After a while, people started to use bronze, gold and silver to make mirrors.
These metals were heavy, so mirrors had very modest sizes. Rulingclass people, especially
ladies, used them as a fashionable accessory. Hardly did they go out without a mirror. In the
1st century, the first glass mirrors were invented by the Romans and were made bigger to
allow people to look at the whole body. However, not everyone cherished the mirror. Some
people were irritated to find themselves ugly looking at the mirror, and there were rumors
that what they saw in the mirror were reflections of sins and demons.
Nowadays, despite technological advancement, mirrors still play important roles in
various modernday fields, such as surgery, transport, architecture and so on. In fact, mirrors
are utilised in technology and have inspired the inventions of several devices such as cameras
or satellites.
Part 1. Determine whether the following statements are True, False or Not Given.
1. People appreciate inventions that date back a very long time.
A. True B. False C. Not Given
2. The images produced by the first mirrors were not as clear as by the surface of water.
A. True B. False C. Not Given
3. Only rich people could buy mirrors made from metals.
A. True B. False C. Not Given
4. Mirrors from glass were first made by the Romans.
A. True B. False C. Not Given
5. Everyone was happy to see themselves in mirrors.
A. True B. False C. Not Given
6. Some people believed that mirror reflected negative things.
A. True B. False C. Not Given
7. Due to modern technology, mirrors are not applied in many fields these days.
A. True B. False C. Not Given
Part 2. Choose the best answers to the following questions.
1. When were the first mirrors made?
A. In the first century B. In the 600s B.C. C. Four thousand years
ago
2. What were the first materials for making mirrors?
A. Stones B. Glass C. Metal such as bronze,
gold and silver
3. What was TRUE about metal mirrors?
A. They were very heavy. B. They were small. C. They were extremely
expensive.
4. What was TRUE about glass mirrors?
A. They were cheaper than metal mirrors.
B. They were not favored because they broke easily.
C. They were bigger than metal mirrors.
5. Who used mirrors as a fashion item?
A. Girls and women from powerful families
B. Girl and women from all families
C. Young and unmarried girls
II. Choose the best answer to fill in the blank.
Several famous people are lefthanded, (1) ____ Julius Caesar, Napoleon, and Albert
Einstein. Queen Victoria of England was also lefthanded, (2) ____ Prince Charles. Paul Mc
Cartney of the Beatles plays (3) ____ guitar the opposite way from other guitarists because he
is lefthanded. Marilyn Monroe, the famous American star was also a leftie. Are you a leftie
(4) ____ you write with your right hand? To understand (5) ____ it is necessary to look at the
brain. The brain is (6) ____ into two hemispheres. The left hemisphere of the brain (7) ____
the right side of the body, and the right hemisphere controls the left side. Both of the sides of
the body receive the same information (8) ____ the brain because the two hemispheres are
connected. (9) ____, in the right handed people, the left hemisphere is stronger. In the left
handed people, it is the right hemisphere (10) ____ is stronger.
1. A. such as B. so as C. so that D. such that
2. A. is so and B. and C. and so is D. and is so
3. A. a B. an C. the D. no article
4. A. as B. because C. even D. even though
5. A. leftie B. lefthandedness C. lefthanded D. lefthander
6. A divided B. cut C. subtracted D. separated
7. A. conquers B. controls C. contrasts D. consists
8. A. on B. to C. from D. for
9. A. In order that B. Therefore C. Never D. However
10. A. who B. whom C. that D. where
III. Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning with the given one.
1. Second prize was awarded to an unknown author from Pastra.
A. An award of second prize was given an unknown author from Pastra.
B. An unknown author from Pastra was awarded second prize.
C. An unknown author from Pastra was awarded with the second prize.
D. Unknown author was awarded second.
2. I used to live alone.
A. I lived by myself but I no longer do it now. B. I lived by myself and I
was used to it.
C. I am used to living alone. D. I was used to living by
myself.
3. I was late for work because the bus broke down.
A. As the bus was broken, I was late for work.
B. Due to a bus breakdown, I was late for work.
C. Since the bus broke into pieces, I was late for work.
D. Due to the fact that the bus was broken, I was late for work.
4. "If I were you, I would get in touch with the boss.", he said.
A. He suggested that I would get in touch with the boss.
B. He suggested keeping in touch with the boss.
C. He recommended that I should get in touch with the boss.
D. He wished he were me so that he could get in touch with the boss.
5. I'm not very good at gardening, I'm afraid.
A. I'm not much of a gardener, I'm afraid. B. I regret that I bad at
gardening.
C. I'm scared to work in the garden. D. I am afraid of working
in the garden.
6. We started cooking for the party four hours ago.
A. We began to cook for the party for four hours.
B. We have been cooking for the party for four hours.
C. We cooked for the party for four hours.
D. We cooked for the party four hours ago.
7. The boatmen were able to escape just before the boat sank.
A. The boatmen could escape just before the boat sank.
B. The boatmen attempted to escape just before the boat sank
C. The boatmen succeeded to escape just before the boat sank.
D. The boatmen managed to escape just before the boat sank.
8. It may be possible for you to go there without a visa.
A. It may not be impossible for you to go there without a visa.
B. You may be possible to go there without a visa.
C. It may be unnecessary for you to get a visa to go there.
D. You may find it possible to get a visa to go there.
9. Please don't use the shower after midnight.
A. Would you mind not to use the shower after midnight?
B. Would you like to use the shower after midnight?
C. I don't want you to use the shower.
D. Would you mind not using the shower after midnight?
10. It would be better if you did not bring your dog in here.
A. I'd rather you hadn't brought you dog in here.
B. I wish you hadn't brought your dog in here.
C. I'd rather you didn't bring your dog in here.
D. You have brought your dog in here, which is against the rules.
11. The car is more expensive than it ought to be.
A. The car ought to be expensive.
B. The car shouldn't be so cheap.
C. The car looks like an inexpensive automobile.
D. The car costs more than it should.
12. Jane hardly ever enjoys eating vegetables.
A. She enjoys eating vegetables. B. She has fun growing
vegetables.
C. She almost never eats vegetables. D. She sells vegetables for living.
13. We had several guests at our house over the holidays.
A. We were guests at our friend's house.
B. Several people visited us during the holidays.
C. The holidays were over by the time our guests arrived.
D. We guessed that several people would come.
14. I can't believe that he did it without telling me first.
A. I can't believe what he told me. B. He told me that he did it first.
C. He didn't believe that I told him first. D. He didn't inform me before he
did it.
15. It is too late to change it, so leave it the way it is.
A. It can't be altered at this point. B. We should change it before he
finds it out.
C. We can't leave it the way it is. D. He should approve the
changes before he leaves.
D. WRITING
I. Write a paragraph on benefits of an invention
Đáp án g i ýợ
BENEFITS ON EARBUDS
Earbuds offer certain benefits that people can enjoy. Firstly, a pair of earbuds is
small and light, and it is portable too. Earbuds are not bulky. You can put them in your
bag or even in your pocket. Secondly, earbuds are not costly. They are not as expensive
as a set of speakers. With about 100,000 VND, you can get a pair. Of course, you have to
pay more for those of higher quality. Finally, you can use earbuds to listen to music or
your listening lessons everywhere, even in public places. Only you can hear the sounds
from the media player or mobile phone. Nobody is disturbed. In conclusion, a pair of
earbuds is convenient, cheap and private.
II. Rewrite the following sentences without changing their meaning, using the given
words.
1. The government will introduce new measures against crime next year.
New measures again crime will be introduced by the government next year.
2. "Bring me a cup of tea, please," she said to him.
She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
3. As soon as he arrived in London, he phoned his parents.
No sooner had he arrived in London than he phoned his parents.
4. I don't think he cares about his employees.
At no time do I think he cares about his employees.
5. There is no point in persuading him to change his mind.
It's not worth persuading him to change his mind.
6. This is the first time I have spoken in front of so many people.
I was not used to speaking in front of so many people.
7. It's Lan's duty to type the report and send it to the manager.
Lan is supposed to type the report and send it to the manager.
8. My father let the children splash around in the pool for a while yesterday.
My father allowed the children to splash around in the pool for a while yesterday.
9. People believe that the climate is changing.
The climate is believed to be changing.
10. If he hadn't helped me, I wouldn't have finished my report on time.
But for his help, I wouldn't have finished my report on time.
