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2HCQF
C
AB
ZRZ
22
+=
CR
AB UUU 22 +=
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R
Z
tg
C
−
=
ϕ
!"
0
2
<<
ϕ
π
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b


T
C=QF
CLAB ZZZ −=
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CLAB
UUU −=
R
ZZ
U
UU
tg
CL
ñ
CL
−
=
−
=
ϕ
!%cb1


+∞
→
ϕ
tg
=


1
2
π
ϕ
=



−∞
→
ϕ
tg
=


1

2
π
ϕ
−=
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
(
$
&
#
'
#
(&
!
ϕ
#
"
#
(&
#
'
ϕ
#
!