11
nhân. Chú ý
là chu kì.
.
12
Ô nguyên
Chu kì
Nhóm
VD1: Na (Z = 11): [Ne] 3s1; Ca (Z = 20): [Ar]4s2.
1
13
VD2: Fe có Z = 26
VD3: Fe (Z = 26): 1s22s22p63s23p63d64s2 4.
Na (Z = 11): 1s22s22p63s1 3.
anpb
VD4: Na (Z = 11): [Ne]3s1
Al (Z = 13): [Ne]3s23p1
ansb
a + b 3 – 7 8 – 10 11, 12 Nhóm IIIB – VIIB VIIIB IB và IIB
VD5: Cr (Z = 24): [Ar]3d54s1
Fe (Z = 26): [Ar]3d64s2
Cu (Z = 29): [Ar]3d104s1
2
1 không
(A (B (C (D
2
(A (B (C (D
3
(A) 5. (B) 7. (C) 9. (D) 16.
4
(A (B (C (D
5 không
(A (B
(C (D
6
(A) 2. (B) 3. (C) 4. (D) 1.
7
(A) 2. (B) 3. (C) 4. (D) 1.
8
(A) IIIA. (B) VIB. (C) VA. (D) VIA.
9
34s2
(A) IIA. (B) VA. (C) VB. (D) IIIB.
3
VD6: Mg (Z = 12), Cl (Z = 17), Fe (Z = 26).
Chú ý – Mg (Z = 12): 1s22s22p63s2
s, p.
– Cl (Z = 17): 1s22s22p63s23p5
d, f.
– Fe (Z = 26): 1s22s22p63s23p63d64s2
(A) chu kì 3, nhóm VA. (C) chu kì 2, nhóm VIIA. (B) chu kì 3, nhóm VIIA. (D) chu kì 2, nhóm VA.
2Z N 52 Z 17
N Z 1 N 18
– X (Z = 17): 1s22s22p63s23p5
6
VD8: Cation M+
(A) chu kì 3, nhóm IIIA. (C) chu kì 3, nhóm IIA. (B) chu kì 2, nhóm VIIA. (D) chu kì 3, nhóm IA.
+: 1s22s22p6
M: 1s22s22p63s1
4
A
(A (C (B (D
B
22s22p2
(A (C (B (D
1
C
(A (C (B (D
D
23p5
(A (C (B (D
E
14s2
(A (C (B (D
F
74s2
(A (C (B (D
G
(A) IIA. (B) IIB. (C) VIB. (D) VIIIB.
H
(A (C (B (D
5
I
(B (D (A (C
J Anion X- và cation Y2+
ngoài cùng là 3s23p6
A)
B)
C)
D)
K Ion M2+
(A) chu kì 4, nhóm VIIIB. (C) chu kì 4, nhóm VIIIA. (B) chu kì 4, nhóm VIB. (D) chu kì IV, nhóm IIA.
3+
L
(A) chu kì 3, nhóm IIIA. (C) chu kì 3, nhóm VIA. (B) chu kì 4, nhóm IA. (D) chu kì 3, nhóm IIA.
6
VD9:
1s22s22p63s2
VD10:
N 1,52Z 3,52Z 28 3Z 7,95 Z 9,33
22s22p4
22s22p5
Z = 9 1s22s22p5
M
(A) [Ne]3s2. (B) [Ar]3s2.
(C) [Ar]4s2. (D) [Ar]4p2.
N
(A) [Ar]3d6. (B) [Ar]3d44s2.
(C) [Ar]3d54s1. (D) [Ar]3d64s2.
O
(A) 2. (B) 4. (C) 5. (D) 6.
7
P
(A) [Ne]3s1. (B) [Ne]3s23p2.
(C) [Ne]3s2. (D) [Ne]3s23p1
8
Câu 1 Câu E D C
2 F C D
3 G B D
4 H B B
5 I C D
6 J B C
7 K B A
8 L C A
9 M C C
A N D C
B O C B
C P B D
D C
9
