VOCABULARY SET 38:
INVENTIONS
Vocabulary:
1. ancient era (np): th i cờ ổ điạ
2. cornerstone (n): viên đá đt n n, n nặ ề ề t ngả
3. counterpart (n): ng i / b ph n / t ch c t ngườ ộ ậ ổ ứ ươ ngứ
4. disseminate (v) - dissemination (n): gieo r c, ph bi n, phátắ ổ ế tán
5. diversity (n) - diverse (adj): đa d ngạ
6. enable somebody to do something (collocation): cho phép/t o đi u ki n cho ai làmạ ề ệ gì
7. era (n): th i đi, th i kì, kờ ạ ờ ỷ nguyên
8. facilitate (v): làm cho d dàng, làm cho thu nễ ậ ti nệ
9. get in touch with (collocation): liên l c, liênạ hệ
10. hydropower (n): th yủ đi nệ
11. industrial era (np): th i đi côngờ ạ nghi pệ
12. lay a foundation for (collocation): đt n n móng cho v n đ gìặ ề ấ ề đó
13. locomotive (n): đu máy xeầ l aử
14. solar-powered (adj) - animal-powered (adj) - human-powered (adj): sử d ngụ năng l ngượ
m tặ tr iờ -
s d ng s c đng v t - s d ng s c ng iử ụ ứ ộ ậ ử ụ ứ ườ
Exercises:
Task 1: Write sentences from given cues. Make changes to the cues when needed.
1. translator / facilitate / conversation / immigrant / attorney.
2. they / work / peace / during / long / era / conflict.
3. he / still / continue / fruitless / effort / get in touch / her
4. one / organisation / aims / disseminate / information / disease.
5. good / attitude / foundation / life / success.
Task 2: Translate from Vietnamese to English
1. B i vì ni m tin là n n t ng cho hôn nhân h nh phúc, các c p v ch ng c n tin t ng l nở ề ề ả ạ ặ ợ ồ ầ ưở ẫ
nhau.
2. Sau cu c b u c t ng th ng, không m t quá nhi u th i gian đ truy n thông ph bi n k t ộ ầ ử ổ ố ấ ề ờ ể ề ổ ế ế
qu đnả ế t ngừ
phòng khách trên toàn th gi i.ế ớ
3. T i M , trung bình m t ng i dân s d ng l ng n c g p b n l n so v i m t ng i t ng ng ạ ỹ ộ ườ ử ụ ượ ướ ấ ố ầ ớ ộ ườ ươ ứ
t i n Đ. ạ Ấ ộ
4. Mang đy tính đa d ng, khu ph c a tôi dung ch a nh ng con ng i t nhi u s c t c khácầ ạ ố ủ ứ ữ ườ ừ ề ắ ộ nhau.
5. B i các trang m ng xã h i cho phép cá nhân chia s tin t c nhanh chóng, nhu c u dành cho báo gi yở ạ ộ ẻ ứ ầ ấ
tr nên th pở ấ h n.ơ
Task 3: Fill in the blanks with suitable words/phrases
There have been many inventions in human history, such as the wheel. Some people think the most
important thing is the internet. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
In the 1 ,the human race discovered how to create fire, invented the wheel and
2 , today's printing technology. Later on, in the 3 ,they built more complex
machinery and started to use motorised vehicles. Although all these facilities have proved their great
significance to all mankind throughout history, some state that the single most important invention is the
Internet. From my perspective, such a statement is an exaggeration, despite some benefits of the Internet.
In this digital era, the Internet helps store, communicate and 4 , information in a fast and
convenient way. As a key method of storing data, there is an increasingly high number of people
uploading their files onto the Internet. Microsoft's OneDrive, for example, is a cloud storage that provide
file storage services for tens of millions of people. Furthermore, as an important means of
communication, the Internet 5 , their friends easily. This can be clearly seen in the case of
SnapChat, a messaging application with millions of users monthly. Finally, the Internet serves as an
important tool that 6 , the 7 , of information. An excellent example of this is
Facebook, a social network that acts as a virtual platform helping one spread their ideas whenever and
wherever they want.
Although the power of the Internet cannot be overstated, I firmly believe that there are even more
valuable inventions.Thefirst is electricity, without which almost all electronic devices cannot function. In
other words, the Internet could be of no use if there were no electricity. The second is engines, which can
be seen in a great 8 , of facilities, from the old 9 , to today's luxury
10 , aeroplanes. If there were no engines, people would have to use 11 , or
12 , vehicles, which are often much slower than their motorised 13 . To illustrate,
the top pace of an average camel is 30 miles per hour, half that of a car on a highway. The final and most
important discovery, from my point of view, is mobile phones, which are the physical platform for
various forms of digital communication. Today, billions are using mobile phones to make calls and send
text messages on a daily basis, a much greater number than that of those using the Internet for the same
purpose.
To sum up, the Internet has some enormous advantages for the human race, but there are even more
significant discoveries, including electricity, engines and mobile phones. I predict that along with the
Internet, these three inventions will still be the 14 , of future humanity.
431 words, written by Tu Pham
Key:
Task 1:
1. The translator will facilitate the conversation between the immigrant and the attorney.
2. They had worked for peace during the long era of conflict.
3. He still continues the fruitless efforts to get in touch with her.
4. One of the organization's aims is to disseminate information about the disease
5. Good attitude lays a foundation for life successes.
Task 2: Answers may vary
1. Because trust is the cornerstone of a healthy marriage, it's essential for spouses to have faith in each
other.
2. After the presidential election, it would not take long for the media to disseminate the results to living
rooms around the world.
3. In the United States, the average individual usesfourtimesas much water as his counterpart in India.
4. Filled with diversity, my neighbourhood contains people of many different races.
5. Because social media websites enable individuals to share news quickly, the demand for newspapers is
low.
Task 3
In the 1 ancient era, the human race discovered how to create fire, invented the wheel and (2) laid the
foundation for today's printing technology. Later on, in the (3) industrial era, they built more complex
machinery and started to use motorised vehicles. Although all these facilities have proved their great
significance to all mankind throughout history, some state that the single most important invention is the
Internet. From my perspective, such a statement is an exaggeration, despite some benefits of the Internet.
In this digital era, the Internet helps store, communicate and (4) disseminate information in a fast and
convenient way. As a key method of storing data, there is an increasingly high number of people
uploading their files onto the Internet. Microsoft's OneDrive, for example, is a cloud storage that provide
file storage services for tens of millions of people. Furthermore, as an important means of
communication, the Internet (5) enables people to get in touch with their friends easily. This can be
clearly seen in the case of SnapChat, a messaging application with millions of users monthly. Finally, the
Internet serves as an important tool that (6) facilitates the (7) dissemination of information. An excellent
example of this is Facebook, a social network that acts as a virtual platform helping one spread their ideas
whenever and wherever they want.
Although the power of the Internet cannot be overstated, I firmly believe that there are even more
valuable inventions. The first is electricity, without which almost all electronic devices cannot function.
In other words, the Internet could be of no use if there were no electricity. The second is engines, which
can be seen in a great (8) diversity of facilities, from the old (9) hydropower locomotives to today's
luxury (10) solar-powered aeroplanes. If there were no engines, people would have to use (11) animal-
powered or (12) human-powered vehicles, which are often much slower than their motorised (13)
counterparts. To illustrate, the top pace of an average camel is 30 miles per hour, half that of a car on a
highway. The final and most important discovery, from my point of view, is mobile phones, which are the
physical platform for various forms of digital communication. Today, billions are using mobile phones to
make calls and send text messages on a daily basis, a much greater number than that of those using the
Internet for the same purpose.