Bài giảng Kỹ thuật nâng & vận chuyển - Chương 12: Máy vận chuyển liên tục có bộ phận kéo (traction- type conveyors)

KYÕ THUAÄT NAÂNG-VAÄN CHUYEÅN

CHÖÔNG 12 MAÙY VAÄN CHUYEÅN LIEÂN TUÏC COÙ BOÄ PHAÄN KEÙO (Traction- type conveyors)

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Chapter 12 1

1. BAÊNG TAÛI (Belt conveyors)

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Chapter 12 2

BAÊNG TAÛI

1. Tang daãn ñoäng. 2. Boä phaän keùo (baêng). 3. Boä phaän dôõ taûi. 4. Con laên ñôõ nhaùnh taûi 5. Boä phaän caáp lieäu.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Tang keùo caêng. Cuïm caêng baêng (duøng ñoái troïng). Con laên ñôõ nhaùnh khoâng taûi. Khung. Thieát bò laøm saïch baêng.

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Chapter 12 3

BAÊNG TAÛI

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Chapter 12 4

BAÊNG TAÛI

 Ñoái töôïng vaän chuyeån: haøng rôøi, khoái.  Phaân loaïi :  coá ñònh  di ñoäng.

 Öu nhöôïc ñieåm:

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Chapter 12 5

1.1 BAÊNG TAÛI - BAÊNG (belt)

 Baêng laø boä phaän chuû yeáu nhaát.  Muïc ñích: chöùa, vaän chuyeån vaät lieäu (laø

boä phaän keùo), noái caùc tang.

 Yeâu caàu: coù ñoä beàn, meàm, coù khaû naêng

choáng maøi moøn toát, ñoä ñaøn hoài khoâng lôùn, ñoä huùt aåm thaáp.

 Phaân loaïi:

 Baêng cao su  Baêng theùp.

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Chapter 12 6

BAÊNG TAÛI - BAÊNG

 Baêng cao su

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Chapter 12 7

BAÊNG TAÛI - BAÊNG

 Baêng coù caùc maïng löôùi vaûi xeáp laïi vôùi

nhau

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Chapter 12 8

BAÊNG TAÛI - BAÊNG

 Baêng coù lôùp coát theùp ñeå taêng ñoä beàn

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Chapter 12 9

BAÊNG TAÛI - BAÊNG

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Chapter 12 10

BAÊNG TAÛI - BAÊNG

 Baêng cao su:  Ñoä beàn:

 Smax: löïc keùo caêng (N)  B: chieàu roäng (cm).  [K]: taûi troïng cho pheùp (N/cm)

 k: taûi troïng phaù hoaïi (N/cm)  n: heä soá an toaøn (9 10)

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Chapter 12 11

BAÊNG TAÛI - BAÊNG

 Phöông phaùp lieân keát

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Chapter 12 12

BAÊNG TAÛI - BAÊNG

 Phöông phaùp lieân keát.

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Chapter 12 13

BAÊNG TAÛI - BAÊNG

 Baêng theùp

 Vaän chuyeån vaät lieäu noùng, saéc caïnh.

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Chapter 12 14

BAÊNG TAÛI - BAÊNG

 Baêng theùp.

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Chapter 12 15

1.2. BAÊNG TAÛI – TRAÏM DAãN ÑOÄNG

( conveyors drive)

1. Ñoääng cô 2. Khôùp noái 3. Hoäp giaûm toác 4. Khôùp noái 5. Tang daãn ñoäng 6. Baêng

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Chapter 12 16

BAÊNG TAÛI – TRAÏM DAÃN ÑOÄNG

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Chapter 12 17

BAÊNG TAÛI – TRAÏM DAÃN ÑOÄNG

 Ñieàu kieän laøm vieäc khoâng tröôït trôn:

 Löïc keùo lôùn nhaát:

 Taêng löïc keùo:

↑   f ↑  Taêng löïc caêng baêng ban ñaàu.

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Chapter 12 18

1.3. BAÊNG TAÛI – TRAÏM KEÙO CAÊNG

(Belt take-up)

 Kieåu ñoái troïng (vò trí: tang bò ñoäng)  Öu : Töï ñieàu chænh ( Gcaêng baêng = const).  Nhöôïc: coàng keành (söû duïng palaêng lôïi

löïc)

 Gcaêng baêng = (S1 + S2). 1,05

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Chapter 12 19

1.3. BAÊNG TAÛI – TRAÏM KEÙO CAÊNG

(Belt take-up)

 Traïm keùo caêng kieåu vít

1. Tang 2. OÅ ñôõ trong khung tröôït. 3. Khung tröôït. 4. Vít caêng baêng.

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Chapter 12 20

BAÊNG TAÛI – TRAÏM KEÙO CAÊNG

 Traïm keùo caêng kieåu vít.  Phaïm vi söû duïng: baêng ngaén (< 60 m), baêng di ñoäng.  Öu : goïn.  Nhöôïc : khoâng töï ñieàu chænh -> thöôøng xuyeân ñieàu

khieån => löïc caêng coù theå vöôït quaù yeâu caàu.

 Chieàu daøi dòch chænh:

 Baêng ngang: 1% chieàu daøi baêng (khoâng nhoû hôn

400mm)

 Baêng nghieâng: 1,5% chieàu daøi baêng.

 Traïm tieáp lieäu.  Traïm dôõ lieäu.

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Chapter 12 21

BAÊNG TAÛI – TRAÏM KEÙO CAÊNG

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Chapter 12 22

BAÊNG TAÛI – TANG

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Chapter 12 23

BAÊNG TAÛI – TANG

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Chapter 12 24

BAÊNG TAÛI – TANG

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Chapter 12 25

1.4.BAÊNG TAÛI – CON LAÊN ÑÔÕ (Belt conveyor idlers)

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Chapter 12 26

BAÊNG TAÛI – CON LAÊN ÑÔÕ

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Chapter 12 27

BAÊNG TAÛI – CON LAÊN ÑÔÕ

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Chapter 12 28

1.5.BAÊNG TAÛI – THIEÁT BÒ ROÙT HAØNG DÔÕ HAØNG (loading and uploading the conveyor)

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Chapter 12 29

BAÊNG TAÛI – THIEÁT BÒ ROÙT HAØNG DÔÕ HAØNG

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Chapter 12 30

1.6.BAÊNG TAÛI – THIEÁT BÒ LAØM SAÏCH BAÊNG (belt cleaning device)

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Chapter 12 31

1.7.BAÊNG TAÛI – THIEÁT BÒ HAÕM (AN TOAØN)

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Chapter 12 32

1.8.BAÊNG TAÛI – TÍNH BAÊNG TAÛI

 Caàn bieát:

, H.

 Q (m3/h, T/ h); Z (caùi / h).  Vaät lieäu: (T/m); a.  Khoaûng caùch vaän chuyeån Lmax.  Ñoä nghieâng:  Sô ñoà.  Caùc phöông phaùp dôõ vaø chaát taûi.  Ñieàu kieän söû duïng.

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Chapter 12 33

BAÊNG TAÛI – TÍNH BAÊNG TAÛI

1. Beà roäng baêng B => ñaûm baûo naêng suaát.

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Chapter 12 34

BAÊNG TAÛI – TÍNH BAÊNG TAÛI

 Ñoái vôùi baêng phaúng:  C phuï thuoäc ñoä nghieâng baêng taïi:



10 => C =1





< 20 => C = 0,9 0,95 = 20 => C = 0,85

1 = 0,7

  Ñoái vôùi loøng maùng:  => Thay F vaøo Q => B

 Baêng phaúng:

 Baêng loøng maùng :

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Chapter 12 35

BAÊNG TAÛI – TÍNH BAÊNG TAÛI

2. Xaùc ñònh löïc caûn chuyeån ñoäng vaø coâng







suaát boä truyeàn . Löïc caûn chuyeån ñoäng goàm. Löïc caûn treân ñoaïn thaúng. Löïc caûn treân ñoaïn uoán cong.

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Chapter 12 36

BAÊNG TAÛI – TÍNH BAÊNG TAÛI

 Löïc caûn treân ñoaïn thaúng:  Caùc löïc ñeø leân con laên.

 L(qv + qb) => chia 2 thaønh phaàn.

.

 Keùo : (qv + qb).L.sin  Ma saùt: (qv + qb).L.cos (

: heä soá ma saùt phuï thuoäc oå truïc, t/c baêng taûi )

 Löïc caûn do troïng löôïng con laên: ql.L (ql = Q/ t)

Cho ñuû nhoû: => ql.L = ql.L.cos

 Löïc caûn toång coäng:

.

. cos .

 W = (qv + qb)L.sin + (qb + qv + ql).L.  => W = + (qv + qb).H + (qb + qv + ql).L.

.

(+): leân; (-): xuoáng.  Baêng naèm ngang: Wng = (qb + qv + ql).L.

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Chapter 12 37

BAÊNG TAÛI – TÍNH BAÊNG TAÛI

 Löïc caûn treân ñoaïn cong ñoåi höôùng.

)

S2 = S1.k (k

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Chapter 12 38

BAÊNG TAÛI – TÍNH BAÊNG TAÛI

 Xaùc ñònh löïc caûn theo chu tuyeán.  Löïc caêng taïi ñieåm i thuoäc ñoaïn thaúng:

 Ñieåm i thuoäc ñoaïn cong.

 Si = Si-1 .ki

 Si = Si-1 + Wi-1

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Chapter 12 39

BAÊNG TAÛI – TÍNH BAÊNG TAÛI

 Ví duï:

 S1 = Smin

– löïc caêng ban ñaàu do traïm keùo caêng sinh ra.



 S3 = S2.k1



 S5 = S4.k2



 S7 = S6.k3



(= Smax)

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40 Chapter 12

BAÊNG TAÛI – TÍNH BAÊNG TAÛI

 Ñeå baêng khoâng trôn tröôït:



=> Xaùc ñònh S1 vaø S8

 Löïc voøng:

 P = S8 – S1  => coâng suaát ñoäng cô:

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Chapter 12 41

BAÊNG TAÛI – TÍNH BAÊNG TAÛI

 COÂNG SUAÁT CUÛA ÑOÄNG CÔ DAÃN ÑOÄNG BAÊNG TAÛI.

 Ñoái vôùi baêng taûi cao su: löïc keùo truyeàn nhôø m/s.

 Thoûa bieåu thöùc Eler.

 Löïc voøng:



(baèng löïc caêng baêng ban ñaàu)

 Sr = S0



 Coâng suaát treân truïc daãn ñoäng cô:

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Chapter 12 42

2. XÍCH TAÛI

 Boä phaän keùo: xích.  Boä phaän mang: taám phaúng, gaàu, thieát bò

mang chuyeân duøng, xe con.

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Chapter 12 43

2. XÍCH TAÛI (Chain conveyors)

 Löïc ñoäng trong xích taûi.

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Chapter 12 44

XÍCH TAÛI

 Löïc ñoäng trong xích taûi.

 Trong xích taûi ngoaøi löïc keùo tónh St (laø löïc lôùn nhaát xaùc ñònh baèng phöông phaùp chu tuyeán) coøn coù löïc ñoäng Sñ (do xích taûi chuyeån ñoäng khoâng ñeàu).

 Vaän toác daøi raêng xích : v0 =  Vaän toác cuûa xích : v’ =

.R .R.cos

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Chapter 12 45

XÍCH TAÛI

 Gia toác xích:



=

0/2 =>



(Khoái löôïng qui daãn)

m = (q + q0).L +

.qctq

 Löïc keùo toång coäng leân xích.

 Stt = St + Sñ

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Chapter 12 46

XÍCH TAÛI

 Löïc caûn chuyeån ñoäng trong xích taûi. 1. Löïc caûn cuûa baùnh xe di chuyeån treân ñoaïn

thaúng.

2. Löïc caûn ma saùt cuûa vaät lieäu vaøo thaønh maùng. 3. Löïc caûn ma saùt trong oå truïc cuûa baùnh xe vaø

khôùp xe.

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Chapter 12 47

XÍCH TAÛI

 Löïc caûn chuyeån ñoäng trong xích taûi. 1. Löïc caûn cuûa baùnh xe di chuyeån treân ñoaïn thaúng.

F = c G G = (qvl + qx)g.L

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Chapter 12 48

XÍCH TAÛI

 Löïc caûn chuyeån ñoäng trong xích taûi. 2. Löïc caûn ma saùt cuûa vaät lieäu vaøo thaønh(xích taûi

taám):

.k.l

Fvl = f.h2.

Vôùi:

f : heä soá ma saùt vaät lieäu vaøo thaønh.



  h: chieàu cao thaønh. : tæ troïng vaät lieäu. l : chieàu daøi thaønh.

  k = (v2 + 1,2) / (1 + sin ): heä soá aùp löïc ngang leân thaønh do heä soá

ma saùt trong vaät lieäu.

 v : vaän toác chuyeån ñoäng xích.



: goùc xoaõi vaät lieäu.

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Chapter 12 49

XÍCH TAÛI

 Löïc caûn chuyeån ñoäng trong xích taûi. 3. Löïc caûn ma saùt trong oå truïc cuûa baùnh xe vaø

khôùp xe.

 N: löïc toång hôïp taùc duïng leân oå truïc baùnh xe

(S1 + S2 + Gbx) Fbx

(0,03 0,05).S1

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Chapter 12 50

3. GUOÀNG TAÛI (Bucket elevators)

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Chapter 12 51

GUOÀNG TAÛI

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Chapter 12 52

GUOÀNG TAÛI

 Sô ñoà chaát taûi

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Chapter 12 53

GUOÀNG TAÛI



OAO’

O’CR

 G = m.g





=> C > G : dôõ taûûi ly taâm. => G > C : dôõ taûi töï chaûy. => phoái hôïp:dôõ taûi ly taâm vaø töï chaûy.

 a) l < r0  b) l > ra  c) r0 < l < ra

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Chapter 12 54

 ANY QUESTIONS ?

 ………..

 THANK YOU

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Chapter 12 55