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TRƯỜNG THPT YÊN HÒA
BỘ MÔN: TIẾNG ANH
ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ I
NĂM HỌC 2023 - 2024
MÔN: TIẾNG ANH - KHỐI 11
A. POINTS IN FOCUS
I. VOCABULARY
- Unit 1: Eat, drink and be healthy
- Unit 2: Get well
- Unit 3: Global warming
- Unit 4: Planet Earth
II. GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURES
- Past simple vs. Present Perfect
- Verb patterns
- Question tags
- Future time clauses (When, If, Unless, Before, After, Until, As soon as, As long as)
- Second Conditional, wish/ if only
- Clauses of purpose
- To-infinitive after certain adjectives and nouns
- Verbs of perceptions
- Should, ought to, must, have to
- A/ an/ the/ zero articles
- Relative clauses
- Prepositions at the end of clauses
III. SUMMARY OF GRAMMAR
1. PAST SIMPLE vs. PRESENT PERFECT
Past simple
Form
S + V-ed (regular)
+ (O)
For regular verbs, we add -ed to the base form of the verb (work–worked)
or -d if the verb already ends in e (move–moved).
Uses
&
Signals
Definite time in the
past
We use the past simple to talk
about definite time in the past
(often we specify when something
happened, e.g., yesterday, three
weeks ago, last year, when I was
young)
- Did you watch that film yesterday?
- He left at the end of November.
- When they were young, they hated
meat.
Single or habitual
events or states
We use the past simple to talk
about single or regular (habitual)
events or states in the past.
- He fell off his bike and his friends
took him to a doctor.
- As children, we played all kinds of
games on the street.
- She looked a bit upset.
* Note: When we use the past
simple to refer to habitual events,
the meaning is similar to used to
- I did a lot of travelling when I was
younger.
Or: I used to do a lot of travelling
when I was younger
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Present perfect
Form
S + have/has V-
ed (regular) + (O)
We use have/has + the -ed form of the verb.
* We use the present perfect simple to refer to events in the past, but which
connect to the present.
Uses
&
Signals
Experiences
talk about our experiences up to
now. The time of the experiences
is not important.
* Although we do not give a
specific time, we often use general
time expressions like ever, never,
before, in my life, so far, up until
now with this use
- We’re going to Wagamama’s for
dinner tonight. I’ve been there a
couple of times before.
- We haven’t met before, have we?
- They’ve sold 110 so far.
- It was the worst performance we
have ever seen.
- She’s never said sorry for what she
did.
Recent completed
events
talk about a finished event or state
in the very recent past.
* We do not give a specific time.
We often use words like just or
recently for events taking place a
very short time before now
- What’s this? What’s just happened?
- The company employs around 400
staff and has recently opened an
office in the UK.
- Niki and John have just come back
from a week in Spain.
Past events,
present results
use the present perfect simple
when a single past action has a
connection with the present
- She’s broken her arm in two places.
(Her arm is still broken now.)
- Your flowers haven’t arrived. (Your
flowers are not here; they were
supposed to arrive in the past.)
with for and since to talk about a
present situation that began at a
specific point in the past and is still
going on in the present
- That house on the corner has been
empty for three years.
- That house on the corner has been
empty since 2006.
2. TO-INFINITIVES / BARE INFINITIVES / GERUNDS
1. To-infinitive
* Động từ nguyên mẫu có “to” được dùng làm:
- Chủ ngữ của câu: To become a famous singer is her dream.
- Bổ ngữ cho chủ ngữ: What I like is to swim in the sea and then to lie on the warm sand.
- Tân ngữ của động từ: It was late, so we decided to take a taxi home.
- Tân ngữ của tính từ: I’m pleased to see you.
* V + to-inf
- fail: thất bại, hỏng
- guatantee: cam đoan
- hope: hy vọng
- intend: định
- learn: học/ học cách
- manage: xoay sở, cố gắng
- offer: cho, tặng, đề nghị
- plan: lên kế họach
- pretend: giả vờ
- promise: hứa
- refuse: từ chối
- seem: dường như
- tend: có khuynh hướng
- threaten: đe dọa
- volunteer: tình nguyện
- want: muốn
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* Trong các cấu trúc:
+ It takes / took + O + period of time + to-inf: It takes Nam two hours to do that exercise.
+ chỉ mục đích: I went to the post office to send a letter.
+ bổ ngữ cho danh từ hoặc đại từ: S + V + Noun / pronoun + to-inf
I have some letters to write. / Is there anything to eat?
+ It + be + adj + to-inf: It is interesting to study English.
+ S + be + adj + to-inf: I’m happy to receive your letter.
+ S + V + too + adj / adv + to-inf: He is too short to play basket ball.
+ S + V + adj / adv + enough + to-inf: He isn’t tall enough to play basket ball.
+ S + find / think / believe + it + adj + to-inf: I find it difficult to learn English vocabulary.
- Sau các từ nghi vấn: what, who, which, when, where, how,… (nhưng thường không dùng sau why)
Ex: I don’t know what to say.
* Note:
- allow / permit/ advise / recommend + O + to-inf: She allowed me to use her pen.
- allow / permit / advise / recommend + V-ing: She didn’t allow smoking in her room
2. Bare infinitive / Infinitive without to
* V + O + bare inf: - let - make - help - have
* be + made + to-inf: I was made to clean my room.
* Động từ help:
-
help + V / to-inf
-
help + O + V / to-inf
-
help + O + with + N
Ex: My brother helped me do my homework/ to do my homework/ with my homework.
* Động từ chỉ giác quan:
- S + hear, sound, smell, taste, feel, watch, notice, see, find .. + O + V
(chỉ sự hoàn tất của hành động – nghe hoặc thấy toàn bộ sự việc)
Ex: I saw her get off the bus.
- S + hear, sound, smell, taste, feel, watch, notice, see, find .. + O + V-ing
(chỉ sự việc đang diễn ra)
Ex: I smell something burning in the kitchen.
3. Gerund (V-ing)
* Danh động từ có thể được dùng làm:
- Chủ từ của câu: Swimming is my favourite sport.
- Bổ ngữ của động từ: My hobby is collecting stamps.
- Tân ngữ của động từ: I enjoy traveling.
* Verb + V-ing
- admit: thừa nhận
- avoid: tránh
- consider: xem xét
- delay: hoãn
- deny: phủ nhận
- detest: ghét
- encourage: khích lệ
- fancy: thích
- finish: kết thúc
- hate: ghét
- practice: luyện tập
- quit: từ bỏ
- risk: có nguy cơ
- suggest: đề nghị
- waste / spend: lãng phí, bỏ ra (thời gian, tiền bạc)
- have difficulty / trouble: gặp khó khăn/trở ngại
- can’t help: không thể không
- can’t stand / can’t bear: không chịu đựng nỗi
- feel like: cảm thấy thích
- look forward to: mong chờ, mong đợi
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- imagine: tưởng tượng
- involve: liên quan
- mention: đề cập đến
- mind: ngại
- miss: bỏ lỡ
- postpone: hoãn lại
- It is (not) worth: đáng / không đáng
- keep / keep on: tiếp tục
- be busy: bận rộn
- be used to / get used to: quen với / trở nên quen với việc gì
- It is no use: không có ích
- It is no good: không tốt
* Sau các liên từ: after, before, when, while, since,… dùng V-ing
Ex: After finishing his homework, he went to bed.
* Giới từ + V-ing:
Ex: My sister is interested in listening to music.
4. Infinitives or Gerunds (To-inf / V-ing)
* Không thay đổi nghĩa:
- begin / start / continue + To-inf / V-ing ::
Ex: It started to rain / raining.
* Thay đổi nghĩa:
+ remember / forget / regret + V-ing: nhớ / quên/ nuối tiếc việc đã xảy ra rồi (trong quá khứ)
+ remember / forget / regret + to-inf: nhớ / quên/ rất tiếc sẽ phải làm gì (trong tương lai)
Ex: Don’t forget to turn off the lights when you go to bed.
I will never forget meeting you for the first time last year.
+ stop + V-ing: dừng hẳn việc đang làm
+ stop + to-inf: dừng lại….. để …
Ex: He stopped smoking because it is harmful for his health.
On the way home, I stopped at the post office to buy a newspaper.
+ try + V-ing: thử
+ try + to-inf: cố gắng
+ need + to-inf: cần (chủ động)
+ need + V-ing = need + to be + P2: cần được (bị động)
Ex: I need to wash my car.
My car is very dirty. It needs washing / to be washed.
+ Cấu trúc nhờ vả:
S + have sb + V
S + have sth + P2 + (by + sb)
S + get sb + To-inf
S + get sth + P2 + (by + sb)
3. RELATIVE CLAUSES
Defining relative clauses
Non-defining relative clauses
Use
We use defining relative clauses to give
ESSENTIAL information about the person or thing
in the main clause. It tells us which person or thing
we are talking about.
• This is the CD which everyone is talking
about.
Use
We use non-defining relative clauses to give
EXTRA information about the person or thing in the
main clause. The extra information is not essential.
• Robbie Williams’ Millennium, which is one of
his most successful singles, was released in
1999.
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Form
- There are NO COMMAS in defining relative
clauses.
- We can replace “who, whom or which” with “that”
in defining relative clauses.
• This is the book which/ that I told you about.
• She’s the woman who/ that works with my
mother.
- Who, whom, which, that CAN be omitted when
they are the object of the verb in defining relative
clauses.
• There’s the man who/ whom/ that the police
have been looking for.
Form
- Non-defining relative clauses are placed
BETWEEN COMMAS
- That CAN’T be used
• My car, that/ which is black, is very modern.
- Who, whom, which CAN’T be omitted.
• Mark Smith, who we met yesterday, plays in
a band.
NOTE:
- which refer back to a sentence.
• The team lost the match, which made all of us sad.
- preposition + which/ whom
• The man to whom you talked last week is my brother.
• The coach changed the time when the players had to get up.
• = The coach changed the time at which the players had to get up.
• The ADC bookshop, where they bought some pencils and rulers, is very beautiful.
• = The ADC bookshop, from which they bought some pencils and rulers, is very beautiful.
• He didn’t mention the reason why he left the team.
• = He didn’t mention the reason for which he left the team.
- Quantifier + of which/whom
• My students, none of whom had failed the exam, were thrilled.
• Their house was full of cats, most of which had been found in the street.
IV. STRUCTURE OF THE TEST
A. TRẮC NGHIỆM KHÁCH QUAN
1. PHONETICS
- Word stress
- Pronunciation
2. VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR STRUCTURES
- Vocabulary related to the themes
- Grammar structures
- Synonym
- Antonym
- Error Identification
3. LANGUAGE FUNCTION
4. CLOZE TEXT
5. READING COMPREHENSION
B. TỰ LUẬN
6. WORD FORMATION
7. VERB TENSES/ VERB FORMS
8. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION & COMBINATION