SVTH: Lêm Nguyïîn Trung Nam - Lêm Quang Vuä 1
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MUÅC LUÅC
LÚÂI CAÃM ÚN...............................................................................................19
LÚÂI MÚÃ ÀÊÌU...............................................................................................20
MÖÅT SÖË TÛÂ VIÏËT TÙÆT...............................................................................22
Chûúng 1......................................................................................................23
TÖÍNG QUAN 1............................................................................................23
1.1. Yïu cêìu thûåc tïë...................................................................................23
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 2 ............................................................................24
1.2. Giúái thiïåu UML..................................................................................24
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 3 ............................................................................25
1.3 Nguyïn nhên ra àúâi..............................................................................25
1.3. Nguyïn nhên ra àúâi.............................................................................25
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 4............................................................................26
1.4. Têìm quan troång cuãa viïåc mö hònh hoáa..................................................26
Chûúng 1......................................................................................................27
TÖÍNG QUAN 5............................................................................................27
1.5. Xu hûúáng phaát triïín trong ngaânh cöng nghïå phêìn mïìm.........................27
Chûúng 1......................................................................................................28
TÖÍNG QUAN 6............................................................................................28
1.3.3. Sûå höåi tuå cuãa caác cöng nghïå..............................................................28
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 7 ............................................................................29
1.7. UML húåp nhêët caác yá tûúãng nöîi bêåt vaâ nhûäng vêën àïì thûåc tïë trong quaá
trònh phaát triïín cuãa cöng nghïå phêìn mïìm....................................................29
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 8 ............................................................................30
1.8. UML àöåc lêåp vúái ngön ngûä lêåp trònh vaâ qui trònh phaát triïín phêìn mïìm..30
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 9 ............................................................................30
1.9. UML laâ ngön ngûä mö hònh hoáa àa duång (general purpose)....................30
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 10 ..........................................................................31
1.10. UML àûúåc höî trúå búãi caác cöng ty, cöng cuå phaát triïín phêìn mïìm.........31
1.10.1. UML laâ möåt chuêín cöng nghiïåp ..................................................31
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1.10.2. Caác lúåi ñch cuãa UML...................................................................31
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 11 ..........................................................................32
1.11. Àöëi vúái ngûúâi sûã duång UML..............................................................32
1.11.1. UML cung cêëp cú chïë múã röång vaâ àùåc biïåt hoáa àïí múã röång caác khaái
niïåm cöët loäi............................................................................................32
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 12 ..........................................................................33
1.12. UML àêíy maånh taái sûã duång trong nïìn cöng nghïå phêìn mïìm. ..............33
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 13 ..........................................................................34
1.13. So saánh vúái caác phûúng phaáp khaác.....................................................34
Chûúng 1......................................................................................................35
TÖÍNG QUAN 14..........................................................................................35
Chûúng 1......................................................................................................36
TÖÍNG QUAN 15..........................................................................................36
1.15. Lõch sûã phaát triïín ..............................................................................36
Chûúng 1......................................................................................................36
TÖÍNG QUAN 16..........................................................................................36
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 17 ..........................................................................37
1.17. Kiïën truác töíng quan cuãa UML...........................................................37
1.17.1. Kiïën truác cuãa UML.....................................................................37
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 18 ..........................................................................38
1.18. Caác mö hònh......................................................................................38
1.18.1. Cêëu truác View ............................................................................38
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 19 ..........................................................................39
1.19. Nhûäng lûúåc àöì ..................................................................................39
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 20 ..........................................................................39
Chûúng 1 TÖÍNG QUAN 21 ..........................................................................40
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 22.......................................................................................41
2.1. Giúái thiïåu ...........................................................................................41
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 23.......................................................................................42
2.2 Töíng quan vïì caác loaåi quan hïå giûäa caác thaânh töë ...................................42
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 24.......................................................................................43
2.3. Quan hïå töíng quaát hoáa (generalization)................................................43
2.3.1. Quan hïå kïët húåp (association) .......................................................43
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Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 25.......................................................................................44
2.5. Quan hïå phuå thuöåc (dependency).........................................................44
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 26.......................................................................................45
2.6. Töíng quan vïì caác thaânh töë vaâ cêëu truác UML metamodel.......................45
2.6.1. Phên loaåi thaânh töë trong UML metamodel .....................................45
2.6.2. Cêëu truác UML metamodel.............................................................45
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 27.......................................................................................46
2.7. Package Foundation (goái nïìn taãng)......................................................46
2.7.1. Package Core (goái cöët loäi).............................................................46
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 28.......................................................................................47
2.8. Mö hònh Backbone (sûúân)...................................................................47
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 29.......................................................................................48
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 30.......................................................................................49
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 31.......................................................................................49
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 32.......................................................................................50
2.12. Mö hònh Relationships (caác quan hïå)..................................................50
2.12.1. Quan hïå töíng quaát hoáa (generalization)........................................50
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 33.......................................................................................51
2.13. Quan hïå kïët húåp (Association)...........................................................51
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 34.......................................................................................51
2.14. Lúáp kïët húåp (AssociationClass) .........................................................51
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 35.......................................................................................52
2.15. Mö hònh Classifiers (caác àùåc biïåt hoáa cuãa classifiers)..........................52
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 36.......................................................................................52
2.16. Class (lúáp) ........................................................................................52
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Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 37.......................................................................................53
2.17. Interface (giao diïån) ..........................................................................53
2.17.1. DataType (kiïíu dûä liïåu) ..............................................................53
2.17.2. Node (nuát)..................................................................................53
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 38.......................................................................................54
2.38. Component (thaânh phêìn) ...................................................................54
2.38.1. Mö hònh Dependencies (caác quan hïå phuå thuöåc)...........................54
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 39.......................................................................................55
2.39. Binding (gùæn)....................................................................................55
2.39.1. Abstraction (trûâu tûúång hoáa) .......................................................55
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 40.......................................................................................55
2.40. Usage (sûã duång) ................................................................................55
2.40.1. Permisson (cho pheáp)..................................................................55
2.41.2. Mö hònh AuxiliaryElements (caác thaânh töë böí sung) ......................55
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 41.......................................................................................56
2.41. TemplateParameter (tham söë cho mêîu)...............................................56
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 42.......................................................................................56
2.42. PresentationElement (thaânh töë biïíu diïîn trûåc quan) ............................56
2.42.1. Package Extension Mechanisms (goái cú chïë múã röång)..................57
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 43.......................................................................................57
2.43. Constraint (raâng buöåc).......................................................................57
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 44.......................................................................................58
2.44. Tagged Value (theã giaá trõ)..................................................................58
2.44.1. Caác kiïíu dûä liïåu trong UML metamodel (Data Types)..................58
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 45.......................................................................................59
2.45. Caác kiïíu dûä liïåu trong Data Types .....................................................59
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 46.......................................................................................59
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Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 47.......................................................................................60
2.47. Package Behavioural Elements (goái thaânh töë haânh vi).........................60
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 48.......................................................................................61
2.48. Package Common Behavior (goái haânh vi töíng quaát) ...........................61
2.48.1. Mö hònh Signals (tñn hiïåu)...........................................................61
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 49.......................................................................................62
2.49. Reception (thaânh töë nhêån tñn hiïåu) .....................................................62
2.49.1. Signal (tñn hiïåu)..........................................................................62
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 50.......................................................................................62
2.50. Exception (löîi biïåt lïå)........................................................................62
2.50.1. Mö hònh Actions (taác àöång).........................................................62
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 51.......................................................................................63
2.51. Argument (àöëi söë).............................................................................63
2.51.1. Action (taác àöång)........................................................................63
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 52.......................................................................................64
2.52. ActionSequence (taác àöång phûác)........................................................64
2.52.1. Mö hònh Instances and Links (thïí hiïån vaâ liïn kïët).......................64
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 53.......................................................................................64
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 54.......................................................................................65
2.54. Stimulus (taác nhên) ...........................................................................65
2.54.2. AttributeLink (theã thuöåc tñnh)......................................................65
2.54.2. LinkEnd (möëi liïn kïët)................................................................65
2.54.3. Link (liïn kïët).............................................................................65
2.54.4. Instance (thïí hiïån) ......................................................................65
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 55.......................................................................................66
2.55. Package Collaborations (goái cöång taác)............................................66
Chûúng 2 NGÛÄ NGHÔA VAÂ CUÁ PHAÁP CAÁC THAÂNH TÖË TRONG UML
(UML Semantic) 56.......................................................................................66