An exploration of immunohistochemistrybased prognostic markers in patients undergoing curative resections for colon cancer

The immune system recognizes and destroys cancer cells. However, cancer cells develop mecha‑ nisms to avoid detection by expressing cell surface proteins. Specific tumour cell surface proteins (e.g. HLA-G, PD-L1, CDX2) either alone or in combination with the relative presence of immune cells (CD3 and CD8 positive T-cells) in the tumour tissue may describe the cancer cells’ ability to escape eradication by the immune system.