Macromolecules

Một axít nucleic là một đại phân tử sinh học có phân tử lượng lớn (tiếng Anh: high-molecular-weight biochemichal macromolecule) được cấu tạo từ các chuỗi nucleotide nhằm truyền tải thông tin di truyền (genetic information).

65p lumia_12 19-07-2013 197 18   Download

Translocation through the plasma membrane is a major limiting step for the cellular delivery of macromolecules. A promising strategy to overcome this problem consists in the chemical conjugation (or fusion) to cell penetrating peptides (CPP) derived from proteins able to cross the plasma membrane. A large number of di€erent cargo mol-ecules such as oligonucleotides, peptides, peptide nucleic acids, proteins or even nanoparticles have been internalized in cells by this strategy.

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The molecular masses of macromolecules and subunits of the extracellular hemoglobin from the fresh-water crustaceanDaphnia magnawere deter-mined by analytical ultracentrifugation, multiangle laser light scattering and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.

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The expression of proteoglycans (PGs), essential macromolecules of the tumor microenvironment, is markedly altered during malignant transforma-tion and tumor progression. Synthesis of stromal PGs is affected by factors secreted by cancer cells and the unique tumor-modified extracellular matrix may either facilitate or counteract the growth of solid tumors.

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1928, Frederick Griffith, was one of the first experiments suggesting that bacteria are capable of transferring genetic information through a process known as transformation § 1944:Avery, MacLeod & McCarty - Strong evidence that DNA is genetic material § 1950:Chargaff - careful analysis of DNA from a wide variety of organisms.

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- Polysaccharides are macromolecules, polymers with a few hundred to a few thousand monosaccharides joined by glycosidic linkages. - Some polysaccharides serve as storage material, hydrolyzed as needed to provide sugar for cells. - Other polysaccharides serve as building material for structures that protect the cell or the whole organism. - The architecture and function of a polysaccharide are determined by its sugar monomers and by the positions of its glycosidic linkages.

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Service de Conformation des Macromolécules Biologiques, Centre de Biologie Structurale et Bioinformatique, CP 263, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bld du Triomphe, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium. †Institut Pasteur, Unité d'Expression des Gènes Eucaryotes, Institut Pasteur, rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France. Correspondence: Shoshana J Wodak. E-mail: shosh@ucmb.ulb.ac.be reviews Published: 30 April 2004 Genome Biology 2004, 5:R33 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at http://genomebiology.com/2004/5/5/R33...

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Một axít nucleic là một đại phân tử sinh học có phân tử lượng lớn (tiếng Anh: high-molecular-weight biochemichal macromolecule) được cấu tạo từ các chuỗi nucleotide nhằm truyền tải thông tin di truyền (genetic information). Hai loại axít nucleic phổ biến nhất là deoxyribonucleic acid (ADN) và ribonucleic acid (ARN). Axít nucleic có mặt ở hầu hết các tế bào sống và virút.Tên gọi axít nucleic có từ sự xuất hiện phổ biến của nó trong nhân tế bào, là tên gọi chung của họ các cao phân tử sinh học biopolymers. Các đơn phân monomer còn được gọi...

68p primrose040390 09-03-2010 881 156   Download