Molecular biology

Basic Cell Biology I. Cytoplasm A. Plasma membrane B. Mitochondria C. Ribosomes D. Endoplasmic reticulum 1. Rough 2. Smooth E. Golgi apparatus F. Lysosomes G. Cytoskeleton II. Nucleus A. Nuclear Envelope B. Chromatin C. Nucleolus D. Nuclear matrix III. Cell division .© 2002 by Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, and Peter Walter. .Asymmetrical arrangement of phospholipids in plasma membrane ATP-dependent phospholipid translocase .Molecular Cell Biology, Lodish et al., 4th edition. .Figure 2—1.

68p whitedaisy1010 26-02-2013 61 12   Download

An applied field of biology that involves the use of living organisms and bioprocesses in engineering, technology, medicine and other fields requiring bioproducts. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biotechnology) It is the products and exploitation from other fundamental sciences.Traditional Biotechnology Traditional biotechnology refers to a number of ancient ways of using living organisms to make new products or modify existing ones. In its broadest definition, traditional biotechnology can be traced back to human's transition from hunter-gatherer to farmer.

29p zingzing09 24-04-2013 63 8   Download

Polymerase Chain Reaction is widely held as one of the most important inventions of the 20th century in molecular biology. Small amounts of the genetic material can now be amplified to be able to a identify, manipulate DNA, detect infectious organisms, including the viruses that cause AIDS, hepatitis, tuberculosis, detect genetic variations, including mutations, in human genes and numerous other tasks.

62p zingzing09 24-04-2013 55 6   Download

Master's thesis of Science "Investigation into the modulation of circadian clock proteins by dietary compounds and small molecules" is structured as follows: Chapter 1 Introduction; Chapter 2 Identification of novel bioactive compounds from Olea europaea by evaluation of chemical compounds in the OliveNetTM library: in silico bioactivity and molecular modelling, and in vitro validation of hERG activity; Chapter 3 Modulation of circadian core clock proteins by dietary compounds; Chapter 4 Molecular mechanisms of action of selected olive phenolics against epigenetic modifiers and the structur...

235p runthenight04 02-02-2023 5 3   Download

Completely and systematic study of taxonomy of the Cashew family (Anacardiaceae) in Vietnam, based on evidence of morphology and molecular biology, as a scientific basis for the compilation of Flora of Vietnam about Anacardiaceae in Vietnam.

27p angicungduoc11 17-04-2021 20 4   Download

The objective of the thesis is to successfully build up a process for preparation of bioactive water-soluble low molecular weight β-glucan product from from spent brewer’ yeast by irradiation method.

31p capheviahe26 25-01-2021 42 5   Download

Objects of research: Appraising of the species diversity and the variation according to space of Chrysomelidae in Nui Chua national park. Determining the food of Chrysomelidae and appraising the change of their food according to space.

25p xacxuoc4321 09-07-2019 35 8   Download

Objectives of the thesis: Identifying the Meloidogyne species causing damage on main crops in Tay Nguyen Highlands. Analyze the diversity of Meloidogyne species based on morphology and molecular classification. Assessing the preventative ability of antagonistic microorganisms to Meloidogyne incognita in laboratory condition.

27p xacxuoc4321 08-07-2019 36 5   Download

The binding of Thermomyces lanuginosa lipase and its mutants [TLL(S146A), TLL(W89L), TLL(W117F, W221H, W260H)] to the mixed micelles of cis-parinaric acid/ sodium taurodeoxycholate at pH 5.0 led to the quenching of the intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence emission (300–380 nm) and to a simultaneous increase in the cis-parinaric acid fluorescence emission (380–500 nm). These findings were used to characterize the Thermomyces lanuginosa lipase/cisparinaric acid interactions occurring in the presence of sodium taurodeoxycholate....

9p system191 01-06-2013 50 5   Download

We report here the direct evidence for the formation of alternative DNA structures in a plasmid DNA, termed pTIR10, containing a 0.23-kb pyrimidine/purine-biased (Pyr/Pur) stretch isolated from the rat genome. Long Pyr/Pur sequences are abundant in eukaryotic genomes, and they may modulate the biological activity of genes and genomes via formation of various types of triplex-related structures. The plasmid DNA in sodium acetate buffer (pH 4.35) was deposited on APS-modified mica, and after drying it was imaged with an atomic force microscope in air. ...

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The design of b-glycosidases with planed substrate specificity for biotechnological application has received little attention. This is mostly a consequence of the lack of data on the molecular basis of the b-glycosidase specificity, namely data on the energy of the noncovalent interactions in the enzymetransition state complex. In an attempt to fill this gap, sitedirected mutagenesis and enzyme steady-state kinetic experiments with different substrates were conducted, using as model a digestive b-glycosidase (glycoside hydrolase family 1) from Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera) (Sfbgly50).

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The case of homologous monomeric c-type and oligomeric b-type crystallins has been described and analyzed in evolutionary terms. Data and hypotheses from molecular genetics and structural investigations converge and suggest a novel three-phase model for the evolutionary history of crystallin-type proteins. In the divergent cascades of monomeric and oligomeric crystallins, a pivotal role was played by alterations in the gene segments encoding the C-terminal extensions and the intermotif or interdomain linker peptides.

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In a previous study, the S100A8/A9 protein, a Ca2+- and arachidonic acid-binding protein, abundant in neutrophil cytosol, was found to potentiate the activation of the redox component of the O2– generating oxidase in neutrophils, namely the membrane-bound flavocytochrome b, by the cytosolic phox proteins p67phox, p47phox and Rac ` (Doussiere J., Bouzidi F. and Vignais P.V. (2001) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 285, 1317–1320). This led us to check by immunoprecipitation and protein fractionation whether the cytosolic phox proteins could bind to S100A8/A9.

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Introducing site-directed mutations in surface-exposed residues of subunit II of the heme aa3 cytochrome c oxidase of Paracoccus denitrificans, we analyze the kinetic parameters of electron transfer from reduced horse heart cytochrome c. Specifically we address the following issues: (a) which residues on oxidase contribute to the docking site for cytochrome c, (b) is an aromatic side chain required for electron entry from cytochrome c, and (c) what is the molecular basis for the previously observed biphasic reaction kinetics....

9p system191 01-06-2013 37 3   Download

Department of Physiology, University of Basel, Switzerland; 2Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Biocenter, University of Basel, Switzerland; 3Xerion Pharmaceuticals, Martinsried, Germany; 4Department of Medicine, Section Pathophysiology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Germany; 5Department of Biochemistry, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Germany Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) displays neurotrophic activities on motor neurons and neural cell populations both in vivo and in vitro. ...

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Mitochondrial functional and structural impairment and generation of oxidative stress have been implicated in aging, various diseases and chemotherapies. This study analyzed azidothymidine (AZT)-caused failures in mitochondrial functions, in redox regulation and activation of the HIV-1 gene expression. We monitored intracellular concentrations of ATP and glutathione (GSH) as the indicators of energy production and redox conditions, respectively, during the time-course experiments with U937 and MOLT4 human lymphoid cells in the presence of AZT (0.05 mgÆmL)1) or H2O2 (0.01 mM) for 15–25 days.

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Kininogens are multifunctional proteins found so far mainly in mammals. They carry vasoactive kinins as well as participate in defense, blood coagulation and the acute phase response. In this study, novel kininogens were isolated from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) and spotted wolffish (Anarhichas minor) by papain-affinity chromatography. The molecular mass of cod kininogen determined by MALDITOF mass spectrometry to be 51.0 kDa and it had pI values of 3.6, 3.9 and 4.4.

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Departamento de Bioquı´mica y Biologı´a Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA Reduction potential determinations of K75E, E139K and E301A ferredoxin-NADP+ reductases provide valuable information concerning the factors that contribute to tune the flavin reduction potential. Thus, while E139 is not involved in such modulation, the K75 side-chain tunes the flavin potential by creating a defined environment that modulates the FAD conformation. ...

6p system191 01-06-2013 36 4   Download

Laboratory for Phytopathology and Plant Protection, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; 2Institut de Pharmacologie et ´ Biologie Structurale, Unite Mixte de Recherche Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 5089, Toulouse, France; 3Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle, Germany; 4Laboratory of Developmental Physiology and Molecular Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

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Department of Biochemistry, Eotvos Lorand University, and 2Biotechnology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, ´ ´ ´ ´ Pazmany setany 1/C, Budapest, Hungary The molecular mechanism of the autolysis of rat a-chymotrypsin B was investigated. In addition to the two already known autolytic sites, Tyr146 and Asn147, a new site formed by Phe114 was identified. The former two sites and the latter one are located in the autolysis and the interdomain loops, respectivel

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