Salt decreases

Abstract: The impact of salinity on three arboreal mangrove plants, Sonneratia apetala (Sa), S. caseolaris (Sc) and Rhizophora stylosa (Rs), was studied. The three mangrove species were treated with different salinity levels over a three-month period. The response and adaptation of these three mangrove species to salinity were shown to be different. Net photosynthesis rate, stomata conductance and transpiration rate of leaves decreased and soluble sugar content in leaves increased, with salt concentration in all three mangrove species.

6p nguyenngocsonctu 24-11-2010 69 12   Download

Populations in developing countries are growing so quickly that the land and water are unable to sustain them. In most developing countries, prime farmland and fresh water are already fully utilized. Although irrigation can be employed to bring land in arid areas into production, it often leads to salinization. In some countries, the amount of newly irrigated land is equalled by salinized irrigated land going out of production. Moreover, irrigation water is often drawn from river basins or aquifers shared by several countries, and friction over its use is common....

151p tom_123 14-11-2012 24 5   Download

The three mangrove species were treated with different salinity levels over a three-month period. The response and adaptation of these three mangrove species to salinity were shown to be different. Net photosynthesis rate, stomata conductance and transpiration rate of leaves decreased and soluble sugar content in leaves increased, with salt concentration in all three mangrove species. The malondial dehyde (MDA) content in stems and leaves of Sa and Sc

6p nguyenngocsonctu 21-11-2010 51 5   Download

Until the early 1990’s latex production has been the main objective for rubberwood cultivation in Thailand. In 1989 the Thai government established a national natural forests logging ban. This law raised an immediate demand for construction and furniture wood in Thailand. Previously, the rubberwood trunks left over after the latex production, were either used as firewood at the plantation site or in charcoal production. Rubberwood offers qualities to ease off the demand for natural tropical forest trees and this way helps to decrease the pressure on illegal logging.

90p thieubaotrang 23-04-2013 32 5   Download

We used mill-level production and pollution data to estimate (1) the effect of China’s system of pollution control levies on three environmental effluents, and then (2) examined further the effect of this system of levies on the technical efficiency of mill-level production. Our results show that the pollution levies worked for those larger establishments that were the main targets of reform policies in this period.

28p loixinloi 08-05-2013 24 4   Download

Regioregular polythiophene-based conductive copolymers with highly crystalline nanostructures are shown to hold considerable promise as the active layer in volatile organic compound (VOC) chemresistor sensors. While the regioregular polythiophene polymer chain provides a charge conduction path, its chemical sensing selectivity and sensitivity can be altered either by incorporating a second polymer to form a block copolymer or by making a random copolymer of polythiophene with different alkyl side chains.

14p cao_can 02-01-2013 27 3   Download

Tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TCPP) is an additive flame retardant. It is used extensively in rigid and flexible polyurethane foam. TCPP is also used in thermoset and thermoplastic materials and in textile finishes. Annual U.S. production/import volume was 10-50 million pounds for the reporting years 1990, 1994, 1998 and 2002 (U.S. EPA, 2002). An increased use of TCPP in Europe has been linked to a decreased use of tris(2-chloroethyl)phosphate (TCEP). Studies in Sweden found high levels of TCPP in indoor environments (Marklund et al., 2005).

7p cao_can 02-01-2013 12 2   Download

Likewise, there are some significant variances in contractors’ expectations for growth in various market segments this year. For example, contractors in the Southwest and Northwest are more optimistic about the outlook for highway construction this year, with 32 percent of contractors expecting the market to increase in the Southwest, versus 31 percent expecting a decrease while 31 percent of contractors in the Northeast expect an increase and 30 percent a decrease, for a net positive of 1 percent for each region.

11p mebachano 01-02-2013 14 2   Download

Photosynthesis of micro algae is often inhibited by salt stress (Kirst, 1990). Such an inhibition may be explained by a decrease in PSII activity. Indeed, in the green microalgae, salt stress inhibits PSII activity in Dunaliella tertiolecta and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that is associated with a state-2 transition (Gilmour et al., 1985, Endo et al., 1995). In the cyanobacteria, it has been suggested that the decreased PSII activity in salt-stressed cells is associated with the state-2 transition (Schubert et al., 1993; Schubert and Hagemann, 1990).

654p conquynho32 15-09-2012 34 14   Download

Prior to the availability of refrigeration, foods, particularly fish and meat, were preserved by salting, marinating or pickling. Through a decrease in water activity, meat and fish were protected against microbial spoilage and other deteriorative processes. It was the process of treating meat with rock salt that led to modern curing practices (Cassens 1990). Thus, meat curing, historically defined as the addition of salt (sodium chloride) to meat, is now referred to as the intentional addition of nitrite and salt to meat.

280p cronus75 18-01-2013 38 12   Download

Table 46-3 Causes of Hypokalemia I. Decreased intake A. Starvation B. Clay ingestion II. Redistribution into cells A. Acid-base 1. Metabolic alkalosis B. Hormonal 1. Insulin 2. β2-Adrenergic agonists (endogenous or exogenous) 3. α-Adrenergic antagonists C. Anabolic state 1. Vitamin B12 or folic acid (red blood cell production) 2. Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (white blood cell production) 3. Total parenteral nutrition D. Other 1. Pseudohypokalemia 2. Hypothermia 3. Hypokalemic periodic paralysis 4. Barium toxicity III. Increased loss A.

5p ongxaemnumber1 29-11-2010 35 5   Download

There are likely several reasons for the long-termluminance decrease. First, analog film and its digital successor have increased their dynamic range, allowing for darker darks in a given image. Second, and also due to filmstock, studio-era films needed to be shot under very bright lights, whereas for contemporary films that is no longer necessary (Salt 2009).

5p hongphuocidol 03-04-2013 16 5   Download

Definitions Disturbances of the sense of taste may be categorized as total ageusia, total absence of gustatory function or inability to detect the qualities of sweet, salt, bitter, or sour; partial ageusia, ability to detect some but not all of the qualitative gustatory sensations; specific ageusia, inability to detect the taste quality of certain substances; total hypogeusia, decreased sensitivity to all tastants; partial hypogeusia, decreased sensitivity to some tastants; and dysgeusia or phantogeusia, distortion in the perception of a tastant, i.e.

6p ongxaemnumber1 29-11-2010 30 3   Download

The solubility of a partially soluble salt is decreased when a common ion is added. Consider the equilibrium established when acetic acid, HC2H3O2, is added to water. At equilibrium H+ and C2H3O2- are constantly moving into and out of solution, but the concentrations of ions is constant and equal. If a common ion is added, e.g. C2H3O2- from NaC2H3O2 (which is a strong electrolyte) then [C2H3O2-] increases and the system is no longer at equilibrium. So, [H+] must decrease.

45p tranvtue 02-11-2012 26 2   Download

The carbon dioxide molecule becomes cluster to minimize the free energy; as a result pore nucleation is created. These pores cause the significant expansion of polymeric volume and decrease in polymeric density. A three- dimensional porous structure (scaffolds) is formed after completion of foaming process. The porosity of the scaffolds is controlled by the use of porogens like sugar, salts and wax (Ikada, 2006).

75p quynho77 13-11-2012 20 1   Download

The effects of salt stresses ranging from lower to higher levels established by a gradient of NaCl concentration on the growth of soybean DT26 cultivar were studied. DT26 is the most popular cultivar of soybean used by farmers in Vietnam. The rate of germination, the length and fresh weight of shoots and roots, the content of chlorophyll and the content of proline were assessed in this study. Generally, at low salt concentration, the length of roots, the fresh weight of both shoots and roots increased, but under high salinity conditions these parameters were decreased.

6p nguoibakhong02 06-10-2017 26 1   Download

In this report, we studied the effect of halide salt concentration on Arachidic Acid (AA) Langmuir monolayers formed on salt solutions, such as NaCl, NaI, NaF by using a SumFrequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy. In the SFG spectra, we observed the peak intensities of CH3FR and CH3SS vibrational modes decreased when increasing the salt concentration. This observation indicates that the structure of the AA monolayer was disordered by the interaction of the dissolved ions with the carboxyl head groups of the monolayer.

6p truongtien_09 08-04-2018 0 0   Download