Sustainable farming systems

The integrated farming system study was conducted at farmers field of village –Mohpur, BlockKanker, District- Uttar Bastar Kanker (C.G.) under All India Coordinated Research Project on Integrated Farming System- On Farm Research, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kanker during July, 2017- June, 2018 for finding the contribution of total income to the livelihood of farmers who practices integrated farming system.

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The integrated farming system study was conducted at farmers field of villages of vridhachalam block of Cuddalore District to improve farmer’s income and ensure their sustainable livelihood. Study was conducted in three demonstrations in wet land situation with components viz., Crop, Fish, poultry and FYM & vermicompost and two demonstrations in dry land situation with components viz., Crop-Fodder crop-LivestockVermicompost.

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The concern I want to raise in this chapter is related to the relationship between indigenous identities, knowledge systems and indigenous values and world views compared to world views found in South Africa’s new curricula after new dispensation. What are the values the indigenous pupils meet at home? Do they concur with those of the new curricula after 1994? The rationale for this focus is related to the question of whether the South African primary school is ‘their school’, i.e the school for the majority of South African children in terms of culture and knowledge....

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The poor in mountainous areas of Quang Nam province give priority to food security in farming. Main food crops on upland were rice, cassava and banana; on lowland were rice and cassava; in home garden was jackfruit; in forest were acacia and cinnamon. Strategies to ensure food security and sustainable income for the poor are improve upland agriculture production by crop diversification, “short-time crops support long- time plants”, sustainable intensifications of local varieties and breeds, and enforce local people integrated in chain values of banana, cassava and mungbean.

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This study aims to analyse some contradictions and the interface between scientific and local knowledge on urban agriculture based on the one hundred and five households survey in KangeshworiManohara low-lying Area. Semi-structure questionnaires interviews, key informant survey, field observations as well as categorization techniques were used for both qualitative and quantitative data and information. The farmers had changed their production from traditional to intensive, market-oriented agriculture.

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Adoption, Paddy is important cereal crop of Andhra Pradesh state, particularly East and West Godavari is considered as Rice bowl of Andhra Pradesh. It is cultivated under wide range of soils and climatic conditions. It is grown in black soils as well as heavy clay loam soils. In East Godavari district total rice production area is 4.23/ha. The major varieties grown in Ramchandrapuram mandal are MTU-1010, PLU-1100. More than 70% of the Indian farming community own less than one hectare of land. They belong to the category of small and marginal farmers.

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In India 82 per cent of farmers are small and marginal farmers whose acreage is less than 2 ha. These farmers play a pivotal role in Indian economy. Majority of these farmers practicing mono crop cultivation. Discouraging results of monoculturing (non-integrated system) on crop productivity, led to the development of integrated farming system (IFS) strategy which enables adequate income, employment, nutritional security and eco friendly. IFS has many advantages over the monoculturing.

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A study was undertaken under rainfed conditions to develop pond-based IFS models for smallholder farm of 1.6 ha comprising rice-onion cropping system, multilayer pisciculture, poultry and mushroom with conventional rice-green gram cropping system. Field experiments were conducted at five cluster of villages located in five different blocks viz. Khajuripada of Kandhamal district, Dhenkanal Sadar and Odapada of Dhenkanal district, Golamunda and Narla of Kalahandi district of Odisha under rainfed medium land situations during 2010-11 to 2012-13.

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seventy-five percent of the world’s poor live in rural areas and most are involved in farming. in the 21st century, agriculture remains fundamental to economic growth, poverty alleviation, and environmental sustainability. the world bank’s agriculture and rural development publication series presents recent analyses of issues that affect agriculture’s role as a source of economic development, rural livelihoods, and environmental services.

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Global agriculture is now at the crossroads. The Green Revolution of the last century that gave many developing countries such as India a breathing spell, enabling them to adjust the growth of their human populations better to the supporting capacity of their ecosystems, is now in a state of fatigue. Average growth rates in food production as well as factor productivity in terms of yield per unit of mineral fertilizer (NPK) are both declining.

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Potato is one of the most important commercial vegetable crops in India and on an average this crop is affected by weeds damage which should be prevented by various control methods. Cultural operations and mulches are non-chemical methods of weed control in sustainable agricultural systems. The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of chemical and non-chemical control methods on weeds and yield of potato crop.

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The costs of feeding dairy animals can make up to 50-70 % of the total cost of producing milk. Therefore, it is important to find ways of minimizing feed costs to improve the economic efficiency of any dairy enterprise. Producing economical fodder to feed dairy animals is of great importance to the farming system. Further in India the total feed requirement for the country’s livestock population is also increasing rapidly in order to sustain milk production. In the country majority of the farmers are small and marginal who use most of their land for agricultural crop cultivation.

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Livestock farming forms an integral part in the economy of the NEH Region of India and plays an important role in the mixed crop farming system. In addition, high diversity in livestock composition is the characteristic features of the mainland of this region. The region obtains high potential of milk production because of availability of fodder as a form of extensive grasslands, wasteland, shrub and fodder trees. Livestock, other than milk production, are widely used for manure, plowing fields and transportation of goods.

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India is a developing nation practicing intensive agriculture for fulfilling the needs of more than eighteen million peoples, for which huge and imbalance amount of fertilizer has been used. Consequently, soil quality deteriorates and inevitable loss of soil microbial diversity. In recent years zeolites a natural aluminosilicate was studied extensively as soil amendment as it increases the soil-nutrient surface area and extend the magnitude of nutrient use efficiency in farming systems.

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Contract farming in turmeric cultivation has gained momentum in Kandhamal district after establishment of the species industry in cooperative sector. It has been realized that the contracted farmers are being faced much constraints and feel doubt for the sustainability of the contract farming system in turmeric cultivation.

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Aquaponics (AP) is defined as the combination of hydroponics and recirculating aquaculture system & is also played a major role in minimizing the negative environmental impacts resulted from intensive fish farming and crop production. It is totally an environmental-friendly production system due to its full recycling potentiality of waste and nutrients.

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Sustainable agricultural intensification through integrated disease management (IDM) approaches is considered to be the most powerful tool for any developing country. The principles and components of integrated disease management approaches are crudely followed sustainable agriculture for our future generation and better soil health. These approaches must be incorporate into our farming system for better food security, armouring biodiversity and improving climate resilience.

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Engineering for sustainability is an emerging theme for the twenty-first century, and the need for more environmentally benign electric power systems is a critical part of this new thrust. Renewable energy systems that take advantage of energy sources that won’t diminish over time and are independent of fluctuations in price and availability are playing an ever-increasing role in modern power systems.

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Exploring the implementation of participatory, multistakeholder, and transdisciplinary ecosystem health research, Integrated Assessment of Health and Sustainability of Agroecosystems combines the latest theories in complexity and management with practical tools and approaches for sustainable rural development research. Although the text focuses on smallholder farming communities in the central highlands of Kenya, the material discussed can be-and has been-effectively applied to agroecosystems in many other parts of the world.

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The culture of striped catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage), or “ca tra” in Vietnamese in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam, can be considered as a unique aquatic farming system in many ways. Production is the fastest growth recorded in any aquaculture sector, ever, based on a single species, superseding the production per unit for any form of primary production. Stripped catfish aquaculture now need to be improved in many aspects and environmental issues need to be paid more attention to ensure the sustainable development.

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