The role of music

Guidelines for clefs and staves: 1. Lines and spaces are numbered from bottom to top. Lines: 1 to 5; Spaces: 1 to 4. 2. The plural of staff is staves. One line of music in a score is a system, which may have many staves for the individual musicians. 3. The treble clef always circles around the "G" line (2nd line). 4. The two dots in the bass clef always surround the "F" line (4th line). 5. The center of any C clef always indicates middle C (C4).

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Duration Rhythmic value Rhythm Rhythmic values Duration is how long a note lasts. A rhythmic value is a symbol indicating relative duration (see table below). A rhythm is a series of rhythmic values. Rhythmic values indicate relative duration, not absolute duration. Each rhythmic value is half the duration of the next longer value. Shorter note values (64th notes, etc.) are also possible. breve

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A beat is a repeating musical pulse. Listeners sense the beat when they tap their feet or clap their hands in time with the music. Musicians group beats into units called measures or bars. Every measure ends with a barline. A special final barline indicates the end of the movement or piece.

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Beats in compound time signatures divide into three division notes, not two. The top number indicates the number of division notes per measure. The bottom number indicates the division rhythmic value (not the beat unit). It takes three division notes (not two) to make one beat.

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Octave An octave is the distance from a note up or down to the next note with the same name. For example, from the pitch A up to the next A is one octave. Octaves span eight letter names: A-B-C-D-E-F-G-A = 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8.

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First and second endings indicate different music to be played the first and second times. “2x only” (not shown below) means play that music the second time only. Third and higher endings are also possible.

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The lower tetrachord and the upper tetrachord each follow the major tetrachord pattern: W-W-h, with a whole step between them. To visualize the whole step/half step pattern shown above, review 1.2 The Chromatic Scale and the Piano. Remember that E to F and B to C are natural half steps (no accidentals needed).

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Tuplets Grouplets The standard rhythmic values divide into 2 parts, then 4 parts, then 8 parts, and so on (see 1.4 Rhythmic Values). Tuplets (also called grouplets) fill in the gaps between these ratios. The word tuplets may be pronounced “tuplets” or “tooplets.”

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Articulations specify how notes should be performed, either in terms of duration or stress. Staccatissimo means extremely shortened duration. Staccato means shortened duration. Tenuto has two functions: it can mean full duration OR a slight stress or emphasis. Accent means stressed or emphasized (more than tenuto). Marcato means extremely stressed. An articulation of duration (staccatissimo, staccato, or

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There is an obvious interest in this analysis for feminists, a beauty in its exact rendering of the frustration experienced under the phallocentric order. It gets us nearer to the roots of our oppression, it brings an articulation of the problem closer, it faces us with the ultimate challenge: how to fight the unconscious structured like a language (formed critically at the moment of arrival of language) while still caught within the language of the patriarchy. There is no way in which we can produce an alternative out of the blue, but we can begin to make a break...

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While – as Hake (2004: 193) has stated – there is still a tendency to estab- lish a discursive dichotomy between consumer culture and the elitist thoughts of avant-garde movements, it should be stressed that both share a common rhetoric of innovation and progress. Furthermore, it was precisely this intel- lectual reflection about the status of art vis-à-vis everyday life that called for a tight bond between the two and led to the goal of an Aesthetisierung des Alltags (aestheticisation of everyday life) in the context of the Weimar Republic....

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This paper draws upon data from a research project undertaken in Great Britain and Northern Ireland. vii The focus on consumers/end users to develop a broad and situated view of the consumption of counterfeit goods led the data collection to focus primarily on counterfeit versions of leisure goods (e.g., fashion clothes, music, film, games, and other software). The distinction between leisure goods and other types of counterfeit items is not merely one of convenience.

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Fairs, festivals and competitive events play a crucial role in the creative industries; yet their significance has been largely overlooked. This book explores the role of such events through a series of studies that include some of the most iconic fairs and festivals in the world. It brings together a team of distinguished scholars to examine art fairs, biennales, auctions, book fairs, television programming markets, film festivals, animation film festivals, country music festivals, fashion weeks, wine classifications and wine-tasting events.

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Calling the family members, the relexing exercises, musical therapy, masaj and sitting exercises are important in control of anxiety and ajitation of patients. Safe and effective management of the pain and anxiety needs a delicate balance for analgesia and sedation protocols while managing delirium status. The weaning of patients from mechanical ventilation is often hampered by the sedation that they receive.

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The results of the survey (see Appendix C) were quantified in order to deter- mine how many students objected to a given score, and how many felt that a given score added to their experience of watching each film.

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In the US, once the Nickelodeons had emerged between 1905 and 1907, their audience seems to have been mixed. Women and children probably constituted about half of the audiences and they might even have been the majority of visitors. Richard Abel relates, for example, that in New York, women often went with their children to the Nickelodeon after or during shopping, as these venues were handily located in the shopping districts (Abel 1999: 48).

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The following pages contain the story of the most important events of my artistic life, of the mark left by them on my personal existence, of their influence on my career, and of the thoughts they have suggested to my mind. I do not desire to make any capital out of whatever public interest may attach to my own person. But I believe the clear and simple narrative of an artist's life may often convey useful information, hidden under a word or fact of no apparent importance, but which tallies exactly with the humour or the need of some particular moment....

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On the day after his nomination as director of the Institute, Miguéz abolished the Chair of Singing “due to a lack of teachers,” despite the large number of teachers in Italian bel canto working there. Qualified piano teachers who belonged to the same aesthetic were replaced or downgraded to lower posts, such as that of accompanist.

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The purpose of this book is to provide the aspiring bass player with a wide variety of finger exercises for developing the techniques necessary to succeed in today's music scene. It can also play an important role in a bass player's daily practicing program. The 200 exercises are designed to help increase your speed, improve your dexterity, develop accuracy and promote finger independence. Recommended by world-acclaimed bass players, music schools and music magazines, this is the ultimate bass handbook. The added use of photos makes the lessons complete!...

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Creativity is defined in this report as the production of new ideas that are fit for a particular business purpose. This sees creativity as the first stage in innovation. Creativity has a role in enhancing all aspects of business performance – from the design of new products and services to their production, marketing and distribution. It is not unusual to link creativity to certain industries such as film, music or design. But the challenge, as noted by the Chancellor, is ‘not just to encourage creative industries, our priority is to encourage all industries to be creative’.

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