Cách dùng m o t a, an và the
© Indefinite article (M o t b t đ nh) “a” & “an” đ c dùng: ượ
1. đ ch ng i ho c v t m t cách chung chung. ườ
Ex: - He’s a fat man.
- It’s an old house
- There’s a supermarket in my hometown.
2. khi nói đ n m t ng i hay m t v t l n đ u tiên. Qua l n đ c p th nhìế ườ
thì ng i hay v t này s đ c dùng v i m o t xác đ nh “the”ườ ượ
3. Ex: Yesterday I saw a dog. The dog was chasing a cat. The cat was chasing a
mouse. The mouse ran into a hole. The hole was very small.
4. khi nói v m t ngh nghi p c th .
Ex: - What’s his job? – He’s a teacher.
5. v i m t s thành ng ch s l ng. ượ
Ex: a pair of shoes, a little, a couple of days, forty miles an hour……
6. trong m t câu tán thán v i công th c:
What + a / an + countable noun!
Ex: - What a lovely girl!
- What an awful party!
© Definite article (M o t xác đ nh) “the” đ c dùng: ượ
1. khi nói v m t ng i hay v t mà c ng i nói và ng i nghe đ u bi t ườ ườ ườ ế
đ n.ế
Ex: I’m going to the supermarket, do you want anything? (c hai ng i đ u bi t ườ ế
siêu th này đâu)
1. tr c tên các bi n, sông, khách s n, quán r u, r p hát, vi n b o tàng, vàướ ượ
nh t báo
Ex: the Dead Sea – the River Thames – the Rex Hotel – the Red Lion pub – the
Hòa Bình theater – the National Museum – the Times (newspaper)
2. khi nói đ n nh ng gì ch có M T.ế
Ex: the sun – the moon – the earth – the truth – the King – the Queen...
3. v i các tính t so sánh nh t (superlative adjectives)
Ex: He’s the oldest boy in my class.
© Nh ng tr ng h p KHÔNG dùng m o t (No article) ườ
1. tr c các danh t s nhi u và danh t không đ m đ c khi nói vướ ế ượ
ng i hay v t m t cách chung chungườ
Ex: - I like Korean films.
- She doesn’t like tea.
- Milk is good for you.
2. tr c tên cácướ
+ qu c gia: China, France …. (tr vài ngo i l nh “the U.S.A”, “the ư
Netherlands”. “the UK”….)
+ thành ph : H Chí Minh City….
+ đ ng ph : Lê L i Street ….ườ
+ ngôn ng : Japanese, English….
+ t p chí: Playboy …
+ b a ăn: breakfast, lunch, dinner….
+ phi tr ng: Tân S n Nh t Airport….ườ ơ
+ nhà ga: Hòa H ng Station……..ư
+ núi: Mount Everest…. ( nh ng tr c tên m t r ng núi thì ph i có “the”: theư ướ
Himalayas, the Alps…)
3. khi nói v các ph ng ti n v n chuy n: by bus, by train, by car….. ươ
4. tr c m t s đ a đi m: at home, at work, at school, in bed, on foot….ướ
5. trong m t câu tán thán v i công th c:
What + uncountable noun (danh t không đ m đ c) ế ượ
Ex: - What beautiful weather!
- What loud music!
BÀI T P V M O T
Choose the best answer:
1. Salem doesn’t like .................. talkative people.
A. × B. the C. many D. a
2. It’s true that................ rich lead a different life from the poor.
A. an B. a C. the D. ×
3. Mary lives in .................Canada near Lake Ontario.
A. the B. × C. a D. an
4. The explorer crossed ...............Pacific Ocean in a canoe.
A. an B. a C. the D. no article
5. She has been playing ..............flute for ten years.
A. an B. a C. the D. ×
6. For breakfast we usually have ................... coffee and toast.
A. an B. a C. the D. ×
7. What time do you start ................ work in the morning?
A. an B. a C. the D. ×
8 Barbara hopes to go to ................ university next year.
A. an B. a C. the D. ×
9. They went on a cruise down .................Nile and saw the Pyramids.
A. an B. a C. the D. ×
10. Sarah thinks .................. life is more difficult in a foreign country.
A. an B. a C. the D. ×
11. The judge sentenced the thief to six months in ................... prison.
A. an B. a C. the D. ×
12. I’ve noticed that ..................Spanish eat a lot of vegetables.
A. an B. a C. the D. ×
13. A volcano has erupted in .............Philippines recently.
A. an B. a C. the D. many
14. ................ examinations always make him nervous.
A. an B. a C. the D. ×
15. We went to ............... cinema twice a month.
A. an B. a C. the D. some
1. Danh t t n cùng là S, X, CH, SH, Z, O thêm ES.
Ex: a bus ==> buses
---a box ==> boxes
---a potato ==> potatoes
(nh ng radio, kilo, piano, kymono ch thêm S, các b n nh nhé!)ư
2. Danh t t n cùng là F, FE đ i thành V r i thêm ES.
Ex: a shelf ==> a shelves
-----a knife ==> knives
3. Danh t t n cùng là ph âm+ Y đ i thành I r i thêm ES,nh ng n uư ế
tr cướ Y là nguyên âm (U O I) thì không đ i.
Ex: a lorry ==> lorries
-----a boy ==> boys
4. Danh t có s nhi u riêng:
-----a woman ==> women
-----a child ==> children
-----a goose ==> geese
Exercises:
1. a table ===>
2. an egg ===>
3. a car ===>
4. an orange ===>
5. a house ===>
6. a student ===>
Ngo i l :
*Danh t t n cùng S, X, CH, SH, Z, O:
1. a class ===>
2. a six ===>
3. a watch ===>
4. a dish ===>
5. a quiz
6. a tomato ===>
* Danh t t n cùng F, FE:
1. a leaf ===>
2. a wife ===>
* Danh t t n cùng Y:
1. a country ===>
2. a key ===>
* Danh t s nhi u riêng:
1. a policeman ===>
2. a washer-woman ===>
3. an ox ===>
4. a tooth ===>