Convention on the Law Applicable to
International Sale Of Goods
The States signatory to this Convention;
Desiring1 to establish common provisions
concerning the law applicable to sales of
goods;
Have resolved to conclude a Convention for
this purpose and have agreed on the
following provisions:
c qu c gia ký k t công c này; ế ướ
Mong mu n thi t l p các quy đ nh chung ế
liên quan đ n lu t áp d ng đ i v i vi cế
mua bánnga qu c t ; ế
Vì m c đíchy,các qu c giađã quy t đ nhế
ký k t ếng c và đã th a thu n v i cácướ
đi u kho n nh sau: ư
Article 12
This Convention shall apply to international
sales of goods.
It shall not apply to sales of securities, to
sales of ships and of registered boats or
aircraft, or to sales upon judicial order or by
way of execution. It shall apply to sales
based on documents.
For the purposes of this Convention,
contracts to deliver goods to be
manufactured or produced shall be placed
on the same footing as sales provided the
Đi u 1:
ng c này s áp d ng đ i v i ướ vi c
mua bánnga qu c t . ế
ng c này s không áp d ng đ i v iướ
mua bán ch ng khn, muan hàng hóa
b ng đ ng bi n và đăng tàu thuy n ườ
ho c máy bay, ho c đ i v i mua bán
ch ng l i quy đ nh c a a án ho c b ng
cách đình ch thinh. Công c s áp ướ
d ng đ i v i vi c mua bánnga căn
c vào ch ng t .
Theo m c đích c a công c này, các h p ướ
1 Desire: a strong feeling of wanting to have or to do something(mongm i/ khao khát/ mong mu n/ c nguy n). ướ
2 Securities: documents showing that you own shares in a company (ch ng khoán/ v t b o đ m/ v t th ch p). ế
Upon:to chaw one’s sword upon someone (ch ng l i)
Judicial: relating to the judges and courts that are responsible for justice in a country or state ( thu c tòa án/pháp lu t/
t pháp/ lý l ch t pháp).ư ư
Order: (n i quy/ lu t l / th t c)
Execution: the act of killing a person as a punishment for a crime (th c hi n/ th c hành/ s thi hành/ ch p hành
Assume:take idea as true (gi đ nh/ ph ng đoán/ gánhc/ đ m đ ng/ cho r ng/ th a nh n). ươ
Furnish:to provide someone with something that they need, especially information(cung c p/ vi n d n/ cho bi t/ c p ế
cho).Mere: (ch / ch là/ gi i h n/ ph m vi/ v t nh nh t).
Declaration: an official announcement that something is true or happening (s khai/ l i khai/ t khai/ tuyên ngôn/
tuyên cáo).
Competence: the fact of being allowed to have your case judged by a court (th m quy n/ năng l c/ kh năng/ ch c
v ).
Arbitrator: someone who is officially chosen to hear both sides of an argument and to make a decision about what
should be done (tr ng tài viên/ ng i phân x / quana) ườ
party who assumes delivery is to furnish the
necessary raw materials for their
manufacture or production.
The mere declaration of the parties, relative
to the application of a law or the
competence of a judge or arbitrator, shall
not be sufficient to confer upon a sale the
international character provided for in the
first paragraph of this Article.
đ ng đ cung c p hàng hóa đ ch t o ế
ho c s n xu t s đ c coi tr ng nh là c ượ ư ơ
s c a các đi u ki n mua bán gi a các bên
tham gia ký k t, ng i đ m đ ng vi cế ườ ươ
giao hàng ph i cung c p nguyên li u thô
c n thi t đ ch t o ho c s n xu t. ế ế
Ph m vi l i khai c a cácn, liên quan
đ n lu t áp d ng ho c th m quy n c aế
th m phán hay c a tr ng tài, s không
kh năng chính th c trao quy n mua bán
qu c t v i đi u ki n đ c quy đ nh t i ế ượ
đo n đ u tiên c a Đi u này.
Article 2
A sale shall be governed by the domestic
law of the country designated by the
Contracting Parties.
Such designation must be contained in an
express clause, or unambiguously result
from the provisions of the contract.
Conditions affecting the consent of the
parties to the law declared applicable shall
be determined by such law.
Đi u 2:
Vi c mua bán hàng hóa qu c t s đ c ế ượ
đi u ch nh b i lu t qu c gia c a các bên
đã ký k t th a thu n.ế
Th a thu n này ph i đ c quy đ nh trong ượ
m t đi u kho n rõ ràng, ho c k t qu ế
ràng t đi u kho n c a h p đ ng.
c đi u ki n nh h ng đ n s th a ưở ế
thu n c a các bên đ c pháp lu t quy đ nh ượ
áp d ng ph i đ c xác đ nh theo quy đ nh ượ
c a pháp lu t.
Article 3
In default of a law declared applicable by
the parties under the conditions provided in
the preceding Article, a sale shall be
governed by the domestic law of the country
in which the vendor3 has his habitual
residence4 at the time when he receives the
order. If the order is received by an
establishment5 of the vendor, the sale shall
Đi u 3
Lu t áp d ng m c đ nh cho các bên theo
nh ng đi u ki n quy đ nh trên,vi c mua
n hàng hóa s đ c đi u ch nh b i pháp ượ
lu t qu c gia c a n c mà ng i bán c ướ ườ ư
trú t i th i đi m nh n đ c đ n đ t hàng. ượ ơ
N u đ n đ t hàng đ c nh n t i m t trế ơ ượ
s c a ng i bán thì h p đ ng muan s ườ
3Theo Oxford dictionaries: vendor: a person or company offering something for sale, especially a trader in the street
4 Theo Oxford dictionaries: residence: a persons home, especially a large and impressive one.
Theo Black’s Law dictionary:residence: The act or fact of living in a given place for some time.
Theo http://en.wikipedia.org: habitual residence: Habitual residence is less demanding than domicile and the focus is
more on past experience rather than future intention. There is normally only one habitual residence where the
individual usually resides and routinely returns to after visiting other places. It is the geographical place considered
"home" for a reasonably significant period of time.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitual_residence
5 Theo Black’s Law dictionary: establishment: an institution or place of business.
Theo Oxford dictionaries: establishment: a business organization, public institution, or household.
be governed by the domestic law of the
country in which the establishment is
situated.
Nevertheless, a sale shall be governed by the
domestic law of the country in which the
purchaser6has his habitual residence, or in
which he has the establishment that has
given the order, if the order has been
received in such country, whether by the
vendor or by his representative, agent or
commercial traveller7.
In case of a sale at an exchange 8or at a
public auction9, the sale shall be governed
by the domestic law of the country in which
the exchange is situated or the auction takes
place.
đ c đi u ch nh b i lu t qu c gia n i đ tượ ơ
tr s đó.
Tuy nhiên, vi c mua bán hàng hóa s đ c ượ
đi u ch nh b i lu t qu c gia c a n c mà ướ
ng i mua đang c trú, ho c n i mà tr sườ ư ơ
c a ng i mua g i đ n đ t hàng, n u đ n ườ ơ ế ơ
đ t hàng đ c nh n t i n c này, cho dù ượ ướ
đ c nh n b i ng i bán, đ i di n c aượ ườ
ng i bán, đ i lý hay ng i đi chào hàng.ườ ườ
Trong tr ng h p mua bán t i sàn ch ngườ
khoán ho c bán đ u giá công khai, thì vi c
mua bán hàng hóa s đ c đi u ch nh b i ượ
lu t qu c gia c a n c n i đ t sàn ch ng ướ ơ
khoánho c n i vi c bán đ u giá di n ra. ơ
Article 4
In the absence of an express clause to the
contrary, the domestic law of the country
in which inspection of goods delivered
pursuant to a sale is to take place shall
apply in respect of the form in which and
the periods within which the inspection
must take place, the notifications
concerning the inspection and the
measures to be taken in case of refusal of
the goods.
Đi u 4
Khi có đi u kho n rõ ràng d n đ n ế
u thu n, lu t qu c gia n i di n ra s ơ
ki m tra hàng hòa v n chuy n theo
đúng vi c mua bán, s áp d ng v hình
th c, Trong th i h n ki m tra hàng hóa
di n ra, nh ng thông báo liên quan v
vi c ki m tra tiêu chu n s đ c ượ
đ t trong tr ng h p hàng hòa đ c ườ ư
tr l i
Article 5
This Convention shall not apply to:
1. The capacity of the parties;
2. The form of the contract;
Đi u 5
ng c này tuy t nhiên không có hi uướ
l c đ i v i:
1. Năng l c c a các bên tham gia
2. Hình th c c a h p đ ng;
6Theo Oxford dictionaries: purchaser: a person who buys something; a buyer.
7 Theo Cambridge dictionary online: commercial traveller: a person who travels to different places trying to persuade
people to buy their company's products or services.
http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/business-english/commercial-traveller
8 Theo Black’s Lawdictionary: exchange: The best-known exchanges are stock, produce, livestock, cotton, and grain
exchanges
9Theo Oxford dictionaries online: auction: a public sale in which goods or property are sold to the highest bidder.
3. The transfer of ownership, provided that
the various obligations of the parties, and
especially those relating to risks, shall be
subject to the law applicable to the sale
pursuant to this Convention;
4. The effects of the sale as regards all
persons other than the parties.
3. S chuy n giao quy n s h u v i đi u
ki n là nh ng nghĩa v khác nhau c a các
n và đ c bi t là các vi c liên quan đ n ế
r i ro s ph i ch u s đi u ch nh thích h p
c a lu t đ c ch n áp d ng đ i v i h p ượ
đ ng bán hàng hóa căn c theo Công c ướ
y.
4. Nh ng nh h ng c a h p đ ng liên ưở
quan đ n hàng hóa s đ c xem xét b iế ượ
t t c nh ng ng i khác ngoài các bên ườ
tham gia trong h p đ ng
Article 6
In each of the Contracting States, the
application of the law determined by this
convention may be excluded on a ground of
public policy.
Đi u 6
Đ i v i m i qu c gia tham gia kí k t, vi c ế
áp d ng lu t theo công c này có th ướ
đ c lo i tr d a vào chính sách côngượ
c ng.
Article 7
The contracting States have agreed to
incorporate the provisions of Articles 1-6 of
this Convention in the national law of their
respective countries.
Đi u 7
c qu c gia đã kí k t đã đ ng ý đ đ ng ế
ý th ng nh t quy đ nh t 1-6 c a công
c này trong lu t qu c gia c a n cướ ướ
nh
Article 8
This Convention shall be open for signature
by the States represented at the seventh
session of the Hague Conference on Private
International Law.
It shall be ratified, and the instruments of
ratification shall be deposited with the
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the
Netherlands.
A record shall be made of each deposit of
instruments of ratification, a certified copy
of which shall be transmitted through the
diplomatic channel to each signatory States.
Đi u 8
ng c này s đ ng (v vi c ký k t)ướ ế
cho các qu c gia đ i di n t i kỳ h p th
b y c a H i ngh La Haye v T pháp ư
qu c t . ế
ng c ph i dc phê chu n, và văn ki nướ
phê chu n ph i dc trình đ l u chi u vs ư
B Ngo i giao hà Lan.
M i đ n trình văn ki n phê chu n ph i đc ơ
l p 1 b n ghi l i, b n sao công ch ng
đ c công b r ng rãi qua các kênh ngo iượ
giao cho m i qu c gia ký k t. ế
Article 9 Đi u 9
This Convention shall enter into force on the
sixtieth day following the deposit of the fifth
instrument of ratification in accordance with
the provisions of article 8, second
paragraph.
For each signatory State subsequently
ratifying the Convention, it shall enter into
force on the sixtieth day following the date
of deposit of the instrument of ratification of
that State.
ng c s hi u l c vào ngày th sáuướ
m i theo s xác nh n th phê chu nươ ư
tuân theo các kho n c a đo n s 2, đi u 8.
M i qu c gia đã k t sau đó phê chu n ế
ng c, ng c s hi u l c vàoướ ướ
ngày th sáu m i khi th xác nh n s ươ ư
phê chu n c a các qu c gia đó.
Article 10
This Convention shall apply to the
metropolitan territories of the Contracting
States as matter of course.
If a Contracting State wishes the Convention
to be applicable to all its other territories, or
to those of its other territories for the
international relations of which it is
responsible, it shall give notice of its
intention in this regard by an instrument
which shall be deposited with the Ministry
of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. The
latter shall transmit through the diplomatic
channel a certified copy thereof to each of
the Contracting States. The Convention shall
enter into force as regards such territories on
the sixtieth day following the date of deposit
of the above-mentioned instrument of
notification.
It is understood that the notification
provided for in the second paragraph of this
article shall not take effect until after the
entry into force of the Convention pursuant
to article 9, first paragraph.
Đi u 10
ng c s áp d ng cho vùng th đô c aướ
các n c kí k t nh m t thông lướ ế ư
N u qu c gia k t mu n ng c ế ế ướ
hi u l c đ i v i t t c c vùng,, ho c
nh ng ng trách nhi m quan h qu c
t , qu c gia đó s đ a ra thông báo Vế ư
m c đích đ c xem nh văn ki n s đ c ượ ư ượ
c nh n b i b tr ng ngo i giao ưở
Lan. K ti p s phát qua kênh ngo i giaoế ế
m t b n sao c nh n đ n m i qu c ế
gia k t. Công c s hi u l c nhế ướ ư
các vùng vào ngày 60 theo ngày xác nh n
trên c a th thông báo ư
Ph i hi u r ng Thông báo theo đo n 2 c a
đi u lu t này s không có hi u l c sau khi
ng c đi vào hi u l c theo đúng đo nướ
1 đi u 9
Article 11
Any State not represented at the seventh
session of The Hague Conference on Private
International Law may accede10 to this
Convention. A State desiring11 to accede
Đi u 11
B t kỳ qu c gia o không đ i di n
tham gia t i kỳ h p th b y c a H i ngh
Lahaye v t pháp qu c t có th gia nh p ư ế
ng c này. M t qu c gia mu n giaướ
10 To agree to a request, proposal, etc (Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary)