Đ C NG ÔN T P MÔN TI NG ANH 9 H 10 NĂM ƯƠ
A. Vocabulary
- T v ng unit 1,2,3
- T tr ng tâm: handicraft, lacquerware, artisan, pottery, historical, embroidery, authority
architecture, calm, worried, frustrated, ignore, conserve, make, improve
B. Grammar
I. Đng t c m: set off, live on, turn off, look up, look through, look at, look for
get on with, look forward to, pick up…..
II. Câu tr c ti p câu gián ti p: ế ế
- T ng thu t câu tr c ti p: Gi nguyên văn câu c a ng i nói/ câu c a ng i nói đcườ ế ườ ườ ượ
đt trong ngo c kép
- Câu gián ti p: T ng thu t l i câu c a ng i nói gi n i dung chính và có th thay đi tế ườ ườ
ng
* Cách đi t câu tr c ti p sang gián ti p ế ế
1. Đi ngôi
- N u trong câu tr c ti p là ngôi th nh t ( I, me, my...), khi chuy n sang câu gián ti p taế ế ế
đi v ngôi trùng v i ch ng trong m nh đ chính
Eg: She said, " I am a student." She said that she was a student
- N u trong câu tr c ti p là ngôi th hai ( you, your, yourself...), ta đi v ngôi trùng v iế ế
ng i đi tho i v i ch ng m nh đ chính ( n u không rõ ng i đi tho i v i ch ngườ ế ườ
là ai thì đi v ngôi th nhât (I) )
Eg: She said to him, " you are good." She told him that he was good.
She said, " you are good." she said that I was good.
- N u trong câu tr c ti p là ngôi th ba( he/she/they/him/her/their...), khi sang câu gián ti pế ế ế
ta gi nguyên
Eg: She said, " He played football well." She said that he played football well
- N u trong câu tr c ti p là ngôi we, ta đi thành theyế ế
2. Thay đi v thì: ( Đng t chính lùi m t thì)
DIRECT ( tr c ti p) ế REPORTED ( gián ti p)ế
Will Would
Simplepresent
thì hi n t i đn ơ
Simple past
Thì quá kh đn ơ
Am/ is/ are + going to + V(inf)
thì t ng lai g nươ
Was/ were + going to + V(inf)
Presentprogressive
thì hi n t i ti m di n ế
Past progressive
Thì quá kh ti p di n ế
Pastcontinuous
thì quá kh ti p di n ế
Past perfect continuous
Quá kh hoàn thành ti p di n ế
Pastsimple
quá kh đn ơ
Past perfect
Quá kh đn/ Quá kh hoàn thành ơ
Presentperfect
hi n t i hoàn thành
Past perfect
Quá kh hoàn thành
Must Had to
Can Could
May Might
3, M t s thay đi tr ng t th i gian, n i ch n ơ
today that day
now then
tonight that night
yesterday the day before/ the previous day,
ago before
last the previous / before
last week the previous week
tomorrow the next day/ the following day/ the day after
next week the following week
next Tuesday the following Tuesday
the day after tomorrow 2 days after / in 2 days' time
this that
these those
here there
* Cách đi câu kh ng đnh , ph đnh
- Câu tr c ti p: S + said/ said to/ told sb, " S + V ( chia kh ng đnh, ph đnh )..." ế
- Câu gián ti p: S + said/ told sb + (that) + S + V( chia lùi m t thì)......ế
Eg: She said, " I am a student now." She said that she was a student then.
* Cách đi câu h i nghi v n
- Câu tr c ti p: S + asked (sb)/ said..., " câu nghi v n?" ế
- câu gián ti p: ế
S + asked (sb)
wanted to know + if + S + V( chia d ng kh ng đnh, lùi m t thì) ......
wondered whether
Eg: Bob asked "Are you happy, Carla?"
Bob asked Carla if/whether she was happy.
"Are you happy, Carla?" asked Bob.
Bob asked Carla if/whether she was happy.
She said, " do you like English?"
She asked if/ whether I liked English
* Cách đi câu h i có t đ h i ( wh- questions)
- Câu tr c ti p: S + asked (sb)/ said..., " câu h i có t đ h i?" ế
- câu gián ti p: ế
S + asked (sb)
wanted to know + W/H + S +V( chia d ng kh ng đnh, lùi m t thì) ......
wondered
Eg: "Where's your director ?", asked the customer.
The customer asked me where my director was.
She asked me. " what will you do tomorrow?"
She asked me what I would do the next day.
III. T Đ H I ĐNG TR C ĐNG T NGUYÊN M U CÓ “TO” ƯỚ
( QUESTION WORDS BEFORE TO – INFINITIVE)
Cách dùng Ví d
Ta dùng c u trúc câu các t đ h i
what, when, where, who, how + to V
(đng t nguyên m u có to) trong
l i nói gián ti p đ: ế
- Di n t nh ng tình hu ng khó
khăn ho c không ch c ch n.
- t ng thu t l i câu h i v m tườ
vi c gì đó nên đc làm. ượ
We don’t know who to contact.
(Chúng tôi không bi t liên h v i ai.)ế
She can’t decide what to do
( Cô y không th quy t đnh nên làm gì.) ế
Tell me when to pay
( Hãy cho tôi bi t ph i thanh toán vào lúc nào.)ế
He shows me where to get tickets.
( Anh y ch cho tôi n i mua vé.) ơ
Ta không th s d ng “why” tr c ướ
“ to V”
No one could explain why we had to come there.
( Không ai có th gi i thích lý di chúng ta ph i
đn đó.)ế
No one could explain why to come there. -> SAI
Tr các t đ h i, ta có th sướ
d ng các đng t nh ask, (not) ư ư
decide, discover, disciss, explain,
find out, for get, (not) know, learn,
remember, say, think, understand,
wonder, (not) be sure, have no idea,
(not) tell…
We were wondering where to cook the dinner.
( Chúng tôi đang phân vân li u n u b a t i ch
nào)
Mike wants to know how to work the computer
( Mike mu n bi t cách làm vi c v i máy tính.) ế
Have Mike and Lisa dicided when to have their
dinner?
( Misa và Lisa đã quy t đnh khi nào ăn t i ch a?)ế ư
I wasn’t sure what to do
( Tôi không bi t ph i làm gì.)ế
Đ t ng thu t l i d ng câu h i ư
Yes/ No questions, ta dùng c u trúc
whether + to V.
L u ý, “if” không đc s d ngư ượ
trong tr ng h p này.ườ
We’ll have to decide whether to go ahead with the
timeable ( or not).
( Chúng ta s ph i quy t đnh li u nên ti p t c ế ế
l ch trình bày này hay là không).
We have to decide if to go ahead -> SAI.
Mike wasn’t sure whether to phone her immediately
or not.
(Mike không ch c li u có nên g i cho cô y ngay
hay không.).
I was wondering whether to order some coffee.
(Tôi đã phân vân li u có nên g i cà phê không.)
I didn’t know whether to laugh or cry.
(Tôi không bi t li u nên c i hay khóc)ế ườ
IV. Các d ng câu so sánh: So sánh v i tính t và tr ng t
PRACTICE
EX1. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence.
1. The wounded persons were taken to hospital by the police.
The police _____________________________________________________________
2. “Don’t leave your luggage unattended.”
He asked me ___________________________________________________________
3. The salary of a professor is higher than that of a secretary.
The salary of a secretary is ________________________________________________
4. He felt very miserable, so he looked for someone to share his life with.
He looked _____________________________________________________________
5. I didn’t realize how late it was and I didn’t stop studying till after midnight.
I didn’t realize how late it was and I went ____________________________________
6. When did you start working on the project?
How long _____________________________________________________________
7. I am leaving now so that I won’t be late for work.
I am leaving now in _____________________________________________________
8. New York City is the busier than any other city in the world.
New York City _________________________________________________________
9. Dina is like her mother’s side of the family.
Dina takes _____________________________________________________________
10. “How long have you been standing here?” he asked me.
He asked me ___________________________________________________________