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Lecture CCNA Exploration 4.0 (Kỳ 2) - Chapter 8: The routing table - A closer look

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The following will be discussed in this chapter: Describe the various route types found in the routing table structure, describe the routing table lookup process, describe routing behavior in routed networks.

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Nội dung Text: Lecture CCNA Exploration 4.0 (Kỳ 2) - Chapter 8: The routing table - A closer look

  1. Chapter 8: The Routing Table: A Closer Look CCNA Exploration version 4.0 1
  2. Objectives • Describe the various route types found in the routing table structure • Describe the routing table lookup process. • Describe routing behavior in routed networks. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 2
  3. Routing Table Structure Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 3
  4. Lab Topologies Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 4
  5. Routing Table Structure • Routing table entries come from the following sources – Directly connected networks – Static routes – Dynamic routing protocols • The source of the route does not affect the structure of the routing table. • Although the routing table incorporates both classful and classless addressing, the overall structure is still built around this classful scheme. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 5
  6. Routing Table StructureRIP v1 Classful address RIP v2 Classful address RIP v2 Classless address Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 6
  7. Routing Table Structure Level 1 Routes • As soon as the no shutdown command is issued the route is added to routing table Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 7
  8. Routing Table Structure • Cisco IP routing table is a hierarchical structure – The reason for this is to speed up lookup process Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 8
  9. Routing Table Structure • A level 1 route is a route with a subnet mask equal to or less than the classful mask of the network address. 192.168.1.0/24 is a level 1 network route, because the subnet mask is equal to the network's classful mask. /24 is the classful mask for class C networks, such as the 192.168.1.0 network. • A level 1 route can function as a: – Default route - A default route is a static route with the address 0.0.0.0/0. – Supernet route - A supernet route is a network address with a mask less than the classful mask. – Network route - A network route is a route that has a subnet mask equal to that of the classful mask. • A network route can also be a parent route. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 9
  10. Routing Table Structure Ultimate Route • The level 1 route 192.168.1.0/24 can be further defined as an ultimate route. • An ultimate route is a route that includes: – either a next-hop IP address (another path) – and/or an exit interface Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 10
  11. Routing Table Structure • Parent and Child Routes – A parent route is a level 1 route – A parent route does not contain any next- hop IP address or exit interface information – The subnet is the level 2 child route of the parent route. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 11
  12. Parent and Child Routes: Classful Networks • A level 1 parent route is automatically created any time a subnet is added to the routing table. • A parent route is created whenever a route with a mask greater than the classful mask is entered into the routing table. • Child routes – Child routes are level 2 routes – Child routes are a subnet of a classful network address Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 12
  13. Parent and Child Routes: Classful Networks • Level 2 child routes are also considered ultimate routes because they will contain the next-hop IP address and/or exit interface. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 13
  14. Parent and Child Routes: Classful Networks • Both child routes have the same subnet mask – This means the parent route maintains the /24 mask Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 14
  15. Parent and Child Routes: Classless Networks • In classless networks, child routes do not have to share the same subnet mask. • Regardless of the addressing scheme used by the network (classless or classful), the routing table will use a classful scheme. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 15
  16. Parent and Child Routes: Classless Networks Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 16
  17. Routing Table Structure Term variably Subnet mask Includes the # Parent route’s subnetted is included Network of different Classful mask seen in parent with each type masks of child is displayed route in routing child route routes table entry Classful No No No No Classless Yes Yes Yes Yes Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 17
  18. Routing Table Lookup Process Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 18
  19. Discontiguous Network • Classful routing with discontiguous network. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 19
  20. Result of Routing Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 20
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