Mô hình dị tật tim bẩm sinh tại Bệnh viện Nhi Đồng 2 thời kỳ 2018–2023

Congenital heart diseases (CHD) represent a significant global health challenge, being among the most common birth defects and a leading cause of mortality in children. Understanding the specific patterns and outcomes of CHD within high-volume pediatric centers is paramount for refining diagnostic strategies, improving treatment protocols, and enhancing patient care. This study, conducted at Children's Hospital 2 from 2018 to 2023, aims to describe the comprehensive disease model of CHD, including patient admission characteristics, treatment modalities, and clinical outcomes, thereby contributing vital insights into the management of these complex conditions in a specialized setting. The findings will highlight trends and areas for intervention in pediatric cardiology.

Pediatric cardiologists, pediatricians, public health researchers, hospital administrators, and policymakers involved in child healthcare and congenital anomalies.

This retrospective descriptive study meticulously analyzed 11,508 inpatient cases of congenital heart diseases (CHD) at Children's Hospital 2 between 2018 and 2023, providing a detailed overview of the disease model, admission characteristics, interventions, and outcomes. The methodology involved examining medical records to assess epidemiological indicators, types of CHD, and treatment efficacy over a six-year period. Key findings revealed that acyanotic CHDs constituted 58% of cases, while cyanotic CHDs accounted for 27.4%. A notable trend was the annual increase in interventional consultations, surgical procedures, and catheterization, alongside a decrease in conservative treatment. The overall average mortality rate stood at 3.33% and showed a promising downward trend across the study period. Importantly, cyanotic CHD patients presented with unique challenges, including younger age at admission, longer hospital stays, and higher rates of mortality and discharge against advice compared to acyanotic cases. The study concludes that Children's Hospital 2 has significantly evolved towards earlier diagnosis and more proactive interventions in managing CHD. These findings underscore the critical importance of early screening programs, efficient timely referral systems, and robust multidisciplinary coordination to improve outcomes for severe congenital heart diseases, ultimately enhancing the quality of care and survival rates for affected children.