Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng viêm âm đạo do nấm Candida ở phụ nữ mang thai 3 tháng cuối thai kỳ tại Bệnh viện Quân y 103

Candida vaginitis poses a significant health challenge, particularly for pregnant women, where its prevalence tends to increase during the third trimester. This condition, characterized by uncomfortable symptoms, can not only diminish a pregnant woman's quality of life but also carries the risk of serious obstetric complications, including preterm birth and neonatal infections. Despite its common occurrence, the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of Candida vaginitis in this vulnerable population are not always clearly understood, especially in specific regional contexts. Therefore, a comprehensive description of these aspects is crucial for improving diagnostic accuracy, treatment efficacy, and ultimately, maternal and fetal outcomes. This study aims to delineate the specific clinical and subclinical features of Candida vaginitis among pregnant women in their third trimester at Military Hospital 103, providing valuable insights into its presentation and associated factors.

Obstetricians, gynecologists, general practitioners, researchers in maternal and fetal health, and public health professionals.

This cross-sectional study investigated the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of Candida vaginitis in 138 pregnant women during their third trimester of pregnancy at Military Hospital 103 in 2024. The findings reveal that the mean age of affected patients was 29.59 years, with the highest prevalence observed between 35-36 weeks of gestation (64.49%). Clinically, the most common signs included thick, curd-like vaginal discharge (65.94%), vulvar itching and burning (39.13%), and cervical ectropion (52.17%). Interestingly, pure candidal vaginitis was diagnosed in a small proportion (4.35%), with the condition frequently co-existing with other bacterial pathogens, predominantly Gram-positive cocci (50.72%). The study highlights that the third trimester, specifically 35-36 weeks, represents a period of heightened susceptibility to Candida infections, likely due to hormonal changes that create a favorable vaginal environment. Socioeconomic factors such as self-employment and lower education levels were also prevalent among the study participants, potentially influencing access to care and hygiene practices. These results underscore the importance of thorough clinical and paraclinical examinations for accurate diagnosis, especially considering the high rate of co-infections. The study's insights are valuable for developing targeted management strategies, preventing potential complications such as preterm delivery, and improving overall maternal and neonatal health outcomes in similar clinical settings.