TRƯỜNG THPT ĐÀO SƠN TÂY TỔ HÓA HỌC
Học sinh: ....................................................................... Lớp: ………... XH
Tài liệu lưu hành nội bộ Tháng 9/2022
MỤC LỤC CHƯƠNG 1. SỰ ĐIỆN LI ................................................................................................................................... 1
Dạng 1: Chất điện li. Viết phương trình điện li ............................................................................................... 1
Dạng 2: Tính nồng độ mol/lit các ion trong dung dịch. pH. Pha chế dung dịch .............................................. 2
Dạng 3: Bảo toàn điện tích ............................................................................................................................... 4
Dạng 4: Phản ứng trao đổi ion ......................................................................................................................... 5
Dạng 5: Phản ứng trung hòa ............................................................................................................................ 7
Dạng 6: Nhận biết ............................................................................................................................................ 9
CHƯƠNG 2. NITƠ – PHOTPHO ..................................................................................................................... 10
NITƠ .............................................................................................................................................................. 10 Dạng 1: Hoàn thành chuỗi phản ứng, viết phương trình hóa học ................................................. 10 Dạng 2: Bài toán 1 kim loại tác dụng HNO3 ................................................................................ 11 Dạng 3: Bài toán hỗn hợp tác dụng HNO3 ................................................................................... 12 PHOTPHO ..................................................................................................................................................... 14 Dạng 1: Chuỗi phản ứng ............................................................................................................... 14 Dạng 2: H3PO4 tác dụng với dung dịch kiềm ............................................................................... 14 CHƯƠNG 3. CACBON – SILIC ....................................................................................................................... 15
Dạng 1: Chuỗi phản ứng. ............................................................................................................................... 15 Dạng 2: CO2 tác dụng dung dịch kiềm .......................................................................................................... 16 LUYỆN TẬP ..................................................................................................................................................... 17 Dạng 1: Phân biệt các dung dịch trong lọ mất nhãn ...................................................................................... 17
Dạng 2: Nêu hiện tượng, giải thích ................................................................................................................ 18
CHƯƠNG 4. ĐẠI CƯƠNG VỀ HỢP CHẤT HỮU CƠ ................................................................................... 19
Dạng 1: Tìm CTĐGN , CTPT ........................................................................................................................ 19
Dạng 2: Tìm CTPT chất hữu cơ dựa vào phản ứng đốt cháy ........................................................................ 20
Dạng 3: Viết CTCT các đồng phân ................................................................................................................ 21
CHƯƠNG 5. HIĐROCACBON NO ................................................................................................................. 23
ANKAN (PARAFIN) .................................................................................................................................... 23 CHƯƠNG 6. HIĐROCACBON KHÔNG NO .................................................................................................. 24
ANKEN (OLEFIN) ........................................................................................................................................ 24
ANKAĐIEN .................................................................................................................................................. 26
ANKIN ........................................................................................................................................................... 26
CHƯƠNG 7. HIĐRO CACBON THƠM .......................................................................................................... 28
BENZEN VÀ ĐỒNG ĐẲNG ........................................................................................................................ 28
CHƯƠNG 8. ANCOL – PHENOL .................................................................................................................... 29
ANCOL .......................................................................................................................................................... 29
PHENOL ........................................................................................................................................................ 31 CHƯƠNG 9: ANDEHIT - AXIT CACBOXYLIC .......................................................................................... 32
ANĐEHIT ...................................................................................................................................................... 32
AXIT CACBOXYLIC ................................................................................................................................... 33 ÔN TẬP HK2 .................................................................................................................................................... 34
BẢNG TÍNH TAN
MỘT SỐ CÔNG THỨC TÍNH
Công thức tính số mol
Công thức nồng độ dd
Nồng độ phần trăm
có khối lượng (gam) chất
Nồng độ mol/lit
số mol chất khí ở đkc (0oC và 1 atm)
Khối lượng riêng
n=CM.V
V dung dịch và CM
m dung dịch và C%
Mối liên hệ giữa C% và CM
Thành phần % theo khối lượng của chất A trong hỗn hợp:
Khối lượng nguyên tử (theo đvC) của các nguyên tố:
H = 1; He = 4; Li = 7; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; P = 31; S = 32; Cl = 35,5;
K = 39; Ca = 40; Fe = 56; Cu = 64; Zn = 65; As = 75; Br = 80; Rb = 85; Sr = 88; Ag = 108; Sn = 119;
Ba = 137; Pb = 106
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
CHƯƠNG 1. SỰ ĐIỆN LI
Dạng 1: Chất điện li. Viết phương trình điện li
Câu 1. Trong số các chất sau, những chất nào là chất điện li? SO2, Cl2, H2SO3, CH4, NaHCO3, Ca(OH)2, HF, C6H6
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ Câu 2. Viết phương trình điện li của các chất sau:
a. HCl; HNO3; HClO4; HI; H2SO4
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
b. KOH; NaOH; Ca(OH)2; Ba(OH)2
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
c. Ba(NO3)2; K2CO3; K2S; MgSO4, Na3PO4; BaCl2; Fe2(SO4)3; NaHS; (NH4)2SO4; KHCO3 ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
d. H2CO3; CH3COOH; HF
- 2- c) Ba2+ và OH- d) Ca2+và HCO3
2- b) K+ và Cr2O7 2-
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ Câu 3. Viết công thức hóa học của các chất điện li mà sự điện li trong nước tạo ra các ion sau a) Al3+ và SO4 e) Fe2+ và SO4
1
3 , Cl-.
2- , Cl- .
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ Câu 4. Trong dd có thể tồn taị các ion sau không ? Giải thích. 2- , OH-
b) Fe2+ , Ag+ , NO- d) Na+ , H+ , SO4
a) K+, Mg2+ , SO4 c) NH4 e) Na+, Al3+ , SO4
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
+ , Ba2+ , OH- , Cl-. -. 2- , NO3
Dạng 2: Tính nồng độ mol/lit các ion trong dung dịch. pH. Pha chế dung dịch
Câu 5. Tính nồng độ mol/lit của các ion trong dung dịch: a. Hoà tan 41,6 gam BaCl2 vào nước thu được 200 ml dung dịch. ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ b. Hoà tan 8 gam Fe2(SO4)3 vào H2O thu được 800 ml dung dịch. ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ c. 100 ml dung dịch có chứa 4,26g Al(NO3)3 ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ d. 0,2 lít dung dịch có chứa 11,7g NaCl ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ e.100 ml dung dịch FeCl3 0,3M ................................................................................................................................................................
2
2-)
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ Câu 6. Tính nồng độ mol/l của ion H+ , OH- và pH của các dung dịch sau: a) dd HCl 0,001M. ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ b) dd NaOH 0,001M ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ c) 100 ml dd A có hoà tan 0,098 g H2SO4 ( xem H2SO4 → 2H+ + SO4 ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ d) 500ml dd B có hoà tan 0,245g H2SO4 ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ Câu 7. Tính pH của dung dịch sau khi hòa tan 7,3g hiđro clorua vào nước được 0,4 lít dung dịch axit
(giả sử khí tan hoàn toàn)
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ Câu 8. Một dung dịch có pH = 9,0. Tính nồng độ mol của các ion H+ và OH- trong dung dịch. Hãy
cho biết màu của phenolphtalein trong dung dịch này.
2- và của dd axit.
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ Câu 9. Dung dịch H2SO4 có pH = 2. Tính nồng độ mol/l của ion H+, SO4 ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
3
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 10. Cần bao nhiêu gam NaOH để pha chế 250 ml dd có pH = 10?
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 11. Tính khối lượng KOH cần dùng để pha 200 ml dd KOH có pH = 12
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 12. Tính khối lượng HNO3 cần dùng để pha 200 ml dd HNO3 có pH = 2
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
Dạng 3: Bảo toàn điện tích
- (0,1 mol) và Cl- (x
Câu 13. Một dung dịch A có chứa các ion : Na+ (0,01 mol), K+ (0,15 mol), NO3
mol). Tính x. Cô cạn dung dịch A, thu được bao nhiêu gam chất rắn.
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
2- (x
Câu 14. Một dung dịch B có chứa các ion : Cu2+ (0,15 mol), Na+ (0,1 mol), NO3
mol). Tính x. Cô cạn dung dịch B, thu được bao nhiêu gam chất rắn.
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
- (0,1 mol) và SO4
2-
Câu 15. Một dung dịch A có chứa các ion : Mg2+ (x mol), Na+ (0,15 mol), NO3
(0,25 mol). Tính x. Cô cạn dung dịch A thu được bao nhiêu gam chất rắn.
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
4
- (0,05 mol) và SO4
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
- (0,04
Câu 16. Một dung dịch C có chứa các ion : Al3+ (0,01 mol), K+ (0,02 mol), Fe3+ (x mol), NO3
mol) và SO4 khan.
2- (y mol). Tính x, y. Biết rằng khi cô cạn dung dịch C thu được 7,93 g muối
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ Câu 17. Một dung dịch D có chứa các ion : Al3+ (0,02 mol), Na+ , Fe2+ (0,015) mol), NO3
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
- (0,06 mol) và Cl- (y mol). Tính số mol của ion Na+ và Cl-. Biết rằng khi cô cạn dung dịch D thu được 5,915 g chất rắn.
Dạng 4: Phản ứng trao đổi ion
Câu 18. Viết phương trình phản ứng phân tử và ion thu gọn (nếu có)
a. K2SO4 và Ba(OH)2.
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
b. CH3COONa và HCl
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
c. Ca(OH)2 và NH4Cl.
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
d. BaCl2 và CuSO4.
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
e. H2S và Pb(NO3)2.
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
5
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH ................................................................................................................................................................
f. K2CO3 và NaNO3
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
g. HCl và Na2CO3
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
h. HNO3 và Ba(OH)2
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
i. NaHCO3 và HCl
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
j. Fe(NO3)3 và KOH
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
k. CH3COOH và NaOH
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
l. Na2S và HCl
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
m. NH4NO3 và KOH
................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 19. Hoàn thành phương trình hóa học, viết phương trình dạng phân tử
+
?
→ PbCl2
?
+
?
→ BaSO4 +
+?
?
?
+
?
+
?
→ FeCl2
a. Pb(NO3)2 + ? ............................................................................................................................................... b. Ba(OH)2 ................................................................................................................................................ c. MgCO3 + → MgCl2 + ................................................................................................................................................ d. FeS ................................................................................................................................................
6
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
?
+
?
→ K2SO4 +
e. Fe2(SO4)3 ................................................................................................................................................
Câu 20. Viết phương trình dạng phân tử ứng với phương trình ion rút gọn sau:
2- → BaCO3
a. Ba2+ + CO3 b. NH4 c. Ag+ + Cl- → AgCl
e. Fe3++ 3OH- → Fe(OH)3 g. H+ + OH- → H2O h. Ba2+ + SO2-→ BaSO4
.................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................................
+ + OH- → NH3 + H2O
Dạng 5: Phản ứng trung hòa
Câu 21. Tính nồng độ mol/l của các ion có trong dd thu được khi:
a) Trộn 100 ml dd HCl 1M với 150 ml dd NaOH 1M
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
b) Trộn 100 ml dd H2SO4 0,5M với 100 ml dd KOH 2M
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
c) Trộn 250 ml dd KOH 0,1M với 250 ml dd HNO3 0,2M
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
7
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 22. Tính pH của các dung dịch thu được khi
a) Trộn 50 ml dd HCl 0,12M với 50 ml dd NaOH 0,1M
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. b) Trộn 50 ml dd H2SO4 0,1M với 50 ml dd KOH 0,4M
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. c) Trộn 100 ml dd H2SO4 0,02M với 100 ml dd NaOH 0,02M
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. d) Trộn 50 ml dd HCl 1M với 50 ml dd NaOH 1,2M
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. f) Trung hoà 100 ml dd HCl phải dùng hết 80 ml dd Ba(OH)2 1M
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
8
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Dạng 6: Nhận biết 1. Nhận biết những dung dịch đựng trong lọ mất nhãn sau a) H2SO4, NaCl, Na2CO3, NaOH
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... b) K2CO3, Ba(NO3)2, KCl, K2SO4
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... c) K2S, HNO3, NaCl, KOH
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... d) NH4Cl, AgNO3, Na2CO3, NaCl
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
9
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
CHƯƠNG 2. NITƠ – PHOTPHO NITƠ
Dạng 1: Hoàn thành chuỗi phản ứng, viết phương trình hóa học
Câu 1. Viết các phương trình phản ứng theo sơ đồ sau:
a/ NH4NO2 → N2→ NH3→ NH4Cl→ NH3→ NH4HCO3 → NH3 → Fe(OH)3 → Fe2O3
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
b/ NH4HCO3→ CO2 →(NH4)2CO3 → NH4Cl → NH4NO3 → NH3 → Al(OH)3 → Al2O3
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... c/ H2SO4→ H2→ NH3 → NO → NO2 → HNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 → Cu(OH)2 → CuO
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
d/ NH3 → NO2 → HNO3 → NH4NO3 → NH3 → Fe(OH)3 → Fe2O3
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Câu 2. Hoàn thành các phương trình hoá học sau dưới dạng phân tử : a) Ag + HNO3 đặc, nóng → NO2 + ? +?
b) Ag + HNO3 loãng → …
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
10
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH c) Cu + HNO3 đ,n → …
d) Cu + HNO3 loãng → …
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
e) Fe + HNO3 loãng → …
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
f) Fe + HNO3 đặc, nóng → …
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
h) FeO + HNO3 loãng → …
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
i) Fe2O3 + HNO3 đ,n →
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Dạng 2: Bài toán 1 kim loại tác dụng HNO3
Câu 3. Cho 1,92 g Cu tác dụng với dd HNO3 loãng dư, thì thể tích khí NO (đkc) ?
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 4. Cho m gam Ag tác dụng với dd HNO3 loãng dư, thu được 224 ml khí NO duy nhất (đkc) .
Tính m.
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
lượng muối nitrat sinh ra trong dung dịch?
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Câu 5. Cho 7,68 g Cu tác dụng hết với dung dịch HNO3 loãng thấy có khí NO thoát ra. Tính khối
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
thể tích khí NO (đktc) thu được?
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Câu 6. Cho 19,2 g Cu vào dung dịch loãng chứa 0,4 mol HNO3, phản ứng xảy ra hoàn toàn. Tính
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
11
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH Dạng 3: Bài toán hỗn hợp tác dụng HNO3
Câu 7. Hòa tan 3,04 g hỗn hơp Cu và Fe trong dd HNO3 0,5 M vừa đủ thì thu được 0,896 lit khí
NO (đktc). Tính % khôi lượng mỗi chất trong hỗn hợp ban đầu .
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Câu 8. Cho 2,8 gam hỗn hợp bột kim loại bạc và đồng tác dụng với dd HNO3 đặc, dư thì thu được 0,896 lít khí NO2 duy nhất (ở đktc). Tính thành phần phần trăm về khối lượng của bạc và đồng trong hỗn hợp đầu?
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 9. Cho 19,3 gam hỗn hợp X gồm Zn và Cu tác dụng vừa đủ với dd HNO3 đ,nóng thu được khí 13,44 lít NO2 (đkc). Tính % theo khối lượng mỗi chất trong hỗn hợp ban đầu
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 10. Hòa tan hoàn toàn 12 gam hỗn hợp Cu và Fe bằng dd HNO3 đặc, nóng thu được 11,2 lit
khí màu nâu NO2 (đkc) và dd A. Tính % khối lượng mỗi chất trong hỗn hợp ban đầu.
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
12
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 11. Hòa tan 60 g hỗn hơp Cu và CuO trong dd HNO3 thì thu được 13,44 lit khí NO (đktc). Tính % khối lượng mỗi chất trong hỗn hợp ban đầu .
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
màu nâu (đkc). Tính % theo khối lượng mỗi chất trong hỗn hợp ban đầu
Câu 12. Hòa tan 5,5g hỗn hợp gồm Zn và CuO trong 140ml dd HNO3 thì thu được 2,688 lit khí
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
màu nâu (đktc) và dung dịch X. Tính khối lượng mỗi chất trong hỗn hợp ban đầu
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... Câu 13.Hòa tan 25,12g hỗn hợp gồm Fe và CuO trong 140ml dd HNO3 thì thu được 1,344 lit khí
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
13
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
PHOTPHO
Dạng 1: Chuỗi phản ứng 1. Viết phương trình phản ứng theo chuỗi biến hóa sau: a/ P → P2O5 → H3PO4 → Na3PO4 → NaNO3 → NaNO2
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... b/ NaOH → NaH2PO4 → Na2HPO4 → Na3PO4 → Ag3PO4
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Dạng 2: H3PO4 tác dụng với dung dịch kiềm
1. Tính khối lượng muối thu được trong các trường hợp sau:
…………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
a) Trộn 100ml dd H3PO4 0,5M với 100ml dd NaOH 1M. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. b) Trộn 100ml dd H3PO4 0,5M với 150ml dd NaOH 1M. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. c) Trộn 150ml dd H3PO4 1M với 100ml dd KOH 5M. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
14
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
…………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
d) Hòa tan hoàn toàn 200 ml dd H3PO4 1M vào 100 ml dd KOH 1M. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
e) Hòa tan hoàn toàn 400 ml dd H3PO4 1M vào 200 ml dd NaOH 1,5M. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
CHƯƠNG 3. CACBON – SILIC
Dạng 1: Chuỗi phản ứng.
1. Hoàn thành chuỗi phản ứng, ghi rõ điều kiện (nếu có)
a/ C→ CO2→ CO→ CO2→ CaCO3→ Ca(HCO3)2
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
b/ Ca(HCO3)2→ CaCO3 → Ca(NO3)2 → CaCO3 → CO2 → NaHCO3 → Na2CO3 → CaCO3
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
15
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
c/ Si→SiO2 →Si →Mg2Si →SiH4 →SiO2 →Na2SiO3 →H2SiO3 →SiO2
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
a/ MgCO3 + H2SO4
2. Viết phương trình phản ứng dạng phân tử:
b/ K2CO3 + CaCl2
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. c/ HCl + Na2SiO3
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. d/ SiO2 + HF
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. e/ SiO2 + NaOH
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Dạng 2: CO2 tác dụng dung dịch kiềm 1. Tính khối lượng và nồng độ mol của muối thu được trong các trường hợp sau (thể tích dd thay đổi không đáng kể, khí đo ở đktc):
a/ Dẫn 2,24 lit CO2 vào 200ml dd NaOH 1M
…………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
b/ Dẫn 5,6 lit CO2 vào 200ml dd NaOH 1M
…………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
c/ Dẫn 13,44 lit CO2 vào 500ml dd KOH 2M
…………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
16
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
…………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. d/ Dẫn 1,76g CO2 vào 35ml dd KOH 2M …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
e/ Dẫn 2,24 lit CO2 vào 50 ml dd KOH 3M.
…………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
f/ Dẫn 2,24 lit CO2 vào 50 ml dd NaOH 2M.
…………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
…………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. …………………………………………………. ………………………………………………….
LUYỆN TẬP
Dạng 1: Phân biệt các dung dịch trong lọ mất nhãn 1. Nhận biết những dung dịch đựng trong lọ mất nhãn sau (không dùng quỳ tím) a) NH4Cl, NaNO3, Na2CO3, Na3PO4
17
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... b) Na2CO3, Na2SiO3, K2SO4, KNO3
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... c) Na2S, NaCl, KNO3, Na3PO4
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... d) NaCl, NaNO3, NH4NO3, Na3PO4
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... e) NH4Cl, BaCl2, Na2SO4, K2SiO3
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Dạng 2: Nêu hiện tượng, giải thích 1/ Nhỏ từ từ dung dịch NaOH cho đến dư vào dung dịch AlCl3 .
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
18
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH 2/ Nhỏ từ từ dung dịch AlCl3 cho đến dư vào dung dịch NaOH .
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3/ Nhỏ từ từ dung dịch KOH cho đến dư vào dung dịch ZnSO4.
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4/ Nhỏ từ từ dung dịch ZnSO4 cho đến dư vào dung dịch KOH.
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5/ Dẫn khí NH3 từ từ đến dư vào dung dịch AlCl3
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6/ Dẫn khí NH3 từ từ đến dư vào dung dịch FeCl3
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7/ Thổi khí CO2 từ từ đến dư vào dung dịch nước vôi trong có dư
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
CHƯƠNG 4. ĐẠI CƯƠNG VỀ HỢP CHẤT HỮU CƠ
Dạng 1: Tìm CTĐGN , CTPT
1. Một hidrocacbon X có %C = 83,72%. Biết tỉ khối hơi của X so với khí oxi là 2,6875. Xác định CTPT của X.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
19
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2. Hãy thiết lập CTPT của các hợp chất A và B ứng với các số liệu thực nghiệm sau (không ghi %O)
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
a) C : 49,40%, H : 9,80%, N : 19,10%; dA/KK = 2,52 b) C : 54,54%, H : 9,09%;
= 2,00
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Dạng 2: Tìm CTPT chất hữu cơ dựa vào phản ứng đốt cháy
1. Đốt cháy hoàn toàn 0,44g hidrocacbon A thu được 0,672 lít CO2 (đkc). Biết A nặng hơn không khí 1,517 lần. Tìm CTPT của chất A.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3. Đốt cháy hoàn toàn 0,9g chất hữu cơ A thu được 0,672 lít CO2 (đktc) và 0,54g H2O. Xác định CTPT A, biết tỉ khối hơi của X so với heli là 15.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 4/ Đốt cháy hoàn toàn 2,3g HCHC A thu được 4,4g CO2 và 2,7g H2O. Tìm CTPT của A biết tỉ khối hơi của A so với không khí là 1,5862.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
20
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5/ Oxi hóa hoàn toàn 0,93g HCHC A người ta thu được 1,344 lit CO2; 0,112 lit N2 và 0,63g H2O (các khí đo ở đktc). Biết tỉ khối hơi của A so với không khí là 3,207. Xác định CTPT của A.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 6/ Đốt cháy hoàn toàn 0,295g HCHC (B) thì thu được 0,44g CO2 + 0,225g H2O + 56ml N2 (đktc). Biết tỉ khối hơi của (B) so với không khí là 2,035. Tìm CTPT của (B).
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 7/ Đốt cháy hoàn toàn 0,9g HCHC (Y) ta thu được 1,32g CO2 và 0,672 lit hơi H2O (đkc). Biết Y nặng hơn khí hidro 90 lần. Tìm CTPT của (Y).
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Dạng 3: Viết CTCT các đồng phân
1. Viết tất cả các đồng phân (CTCT ) có CTPT : C3H7Cl, C5H12, C4H10O
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
21
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
22
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
CHƯƠNG 5. HIĐROCACBON NO ANKAN (PARAFIN)
a) propan
b) isobutan
Câu 1. Hãy viết CTCT của các chất sau:
d) 2,3–đimetylbutan
f) 3,3–đietylpentan
c) pentan e) 3–etyl–2–metylheptan
Câu 2. Hãy viết CTCT và gọi tên theo IUPAC các ankan có CTPT sau:
a) C4H10
b) C5H12
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 3. Viết PTHH của các phản ứng sau:
a. Propan tác dụng với clo (theo tỉ lệ mol 1:1) khi chiếu sáng. b. Tách một phân tử hiđro từ phân tử propan. c. Đốt cháy hexan. d. Butan tác dụng với brom tạo dẫn xuất monobrom (sản phẩm chính).
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 4. Xác định CTPT các ankan sau a/ Tỉ khối hơi so với hiđro bằng 36.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
23
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH b/ Ankan có %C = 80%.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. c/ Đốt cháy hoàn toàn 1 ankan A thì thu được 17,6g CO2 và 10,8g H2O
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. d/ Đốt cháy hoàn toàn 0,86g một ankan cần vừa đủ 3,04g O2.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. ~~~***~~~ CHƯƠNG 6. HIĐROCACBON KHÔNG NO
ANKEN (OLEFIN)
Câu 1. Viết CTCT các đồng phân của các anken có CTPT: C4H8 và C5H10
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 2. Hãy viết CTCT các anken sau:
a) pent–2–en
b) 2–metylbut–1–en
c) 2–metylpent–2–en
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 3. Hoàn thành các phương trình phản ứng a/ CH2 = CH2 + HBr →
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. b/ CH2 = CH2 + … → CH3 – CH2OH
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
24
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH d/ CH2=CHCH2CH3 + HCl → ?
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. g/ Trùng hợp CH2=CHCl
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. h/ Trùng hợp CH2=C(CH3)2.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 4. Viết phương trình hóa học của phản ứng xảy ra khi: a. Propilen tác dụng hidro, đun nóng (xúc tác Ni) b. But-2-en tác dụng hidroclorua c. Dẫn khí propilen vào dung dịch brom d. Etilen tác dụng H2O/ H+, t0
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
C4H10 → C2H4→ C2H5Br → C2H5OH → C2H4 → C2H4Br2
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 5. Viết đầy đủ các phương trình phản ứng theo sơ đồ sau:
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 6. Trình bày phương pháp hóa học để phân biệt ba bình đựng ba khí riêng biệt là metan, etilen
và cacbonic. Viết PTHH minh họa.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 7. Xác định CTPT của anken, biết: a/ Anken A có 10 nguyên tử hidro trong phân tử.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
25
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. b/ Đốt cháy hoàn toàn 1,12 lit anken A(đktc) thu được 3,6g nước.
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
ANKAĐIEN
Câu 1. Viết các CTCT của:
1) 2,3-đimetylbuta-1,3-đien
2) 3-metylpenta-1,4-đien
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 2. Viết PTHH (ở dạng CTCT) của các phản ứng xảy ra khi:
a) isopren tác dụng với hiđro (xúc tác Ni) b) buta-1,3-đien tác dụng với brom (trong CCl4),tỉ lệ số mol 1:1; theo kiểu cộng 1,4. c) trùng hợp buta-1,3-đien theo kiểu 1,4.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 3. Oxi hóa hoàn toàn 0,680 gam ankađien X thu được 1,120 lít CO2 (đktc). Tìm CTPT của X
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
ANKIN
Câu 1. Viết CTCT và gọi tên các ankin có CTPT C4H6 và C5H8
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
c/ 2,5–đimetylhex–3–in
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 2. Viết CTCT của các ankin có tên sau: b/3–metylpent–1–in; a/ pent–2–in;
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
26
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH Câu 3. Viết các phương trình phản ứng thực hiện chuỗi chuyển hóa sau
CaCO3 → CaO → CaC2 → C2H2 → C4H4 → C4H6 → caosubuna
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 4. Viết phương trình phản ứng xảy ra giữa propin và các chất sau: a/ H2(xtPd) b/ Br2 (dd) c/ HCl d/ AgNO3 trong dung dịch NH3
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
a) Etan, etilen và axetilen
Câu 5. Bằng phản ứng hóa học, hãy phân biệt các chất trong các nhóm sau:
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
b) But–2–en, propin, butan.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 6. Tìm CTPT của các ankin trong các trường hợp sau: a/ Ankin B có 8 nguyên tử hidro trong phân tử.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. b/ Phân tích ankin X thu được 5,5g khí CO2 và 1,875g H2O
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
27
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. c/ Cho 2,8g ankin (A) d với dung dịch AgNO3 dư trong dd NH3 tạo thành 10,29g kết tủa.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
~~~***~~~
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
CHƯƠNG 7. HIĐRO CACBON THƠM
BENZEN VÀ ĐỒNG ĐẲNG
b) 4–cloetylbenzen
a) Etylbenzen
Câu 1. Viết CTCT của các hợp chất sau:
c) 1,3,5–trimetylbenzen
d/ m-bromtoluen
Câu 2. Viết phương trình phản ứng sau:
a/ benzen + Br2
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
b/ toluen + Br2
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
c/ benzen + Br2 dư
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
d/ toluen + Br2dư
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. e/ benzen + HNO3 đ dư
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
28
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH f/ toluen + HNO3 đ dư
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
a) H2O (xúc tác H2SO4) c) H2 (theo tỉ số mol 1:1, xúc tác Ni)
b) HBr d) dung dịch Br2
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 3. Dùng CTCT viết PTHH của stiren với:
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 4. Trình bày phương pháp hóa học phân biệt các chất:
a) benzen, hex–1–en và toluen.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
b) toluen, benzen, stiren.(1 thuốc thử)
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
~~~***~~~ CHƯƠNG 8. ANCOL – PHENOL
ANCOL
Câu 1. Gọi tên thay thế, tên thông thường (nếu có) và cho biết bậc của các ancol sau:
a) CH3CH2CH2CH2OH b) CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3 c) (CH3)3COH
29
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
d) (CH3)2CHCH2CH2OH e) C6H5CH2OH
Câu 2. Viết công thức cấu tạo của : a. 2-metylpropan-2-ol b. 2,2-đimetylpropan-1-ol c. 3-metylbutan-1-ol.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 3. Viết PTHH của phản ứng giữa etanol với mỗi chất sau: b) CuO, đun nóng. a) Natri kim loại.
c) Axit HBr, có xúc tác
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
a/ CaC2 → C2H2 → C2H6 → C2H5Cl → C2H5OH → CH3CHO
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 4. Viết phương trình phản ứng thực hiện chuỗi chuyển hóa sau:
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
b/ Tinh bột → glucozo → C2H5OH → natri etylat
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 5. Bằng phương pháp h.học, hãy phân biệt các chất: Etanol, glixerol, benzen
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 6. Cho 6g ancol no, đơn chức, mạch hở A tác dụng hết với Na thu được 11,2 lit H2 (đktc). Xác
định CTPT của A.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
30
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 7. Chất A là một ancol no mạch hở. Để đốt cháy hoàn toàn 0,35 mol A phải dùng vừa hết 31,36
lít O2 (lấy ở đkc). Hãy xác định CTPT của A.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. ~~~***~~~
PHENOL
Câu 1. Ghi Đ (đúng) hoặc S (sai) vào ô trống bên cạnh các câu sau:
a) Phenol C6H5–OH là một ancol thơm. b) Phenol tác dụng được với natri hiđroxit tạo thành muối và nước. c) Phenol tham gia phản ứng thế brom và thế nitro dễ hơn benzen. d) Dung dịch phenol làm quỳ tím hóa đỏ do nó là axit. e) Giữa nhóm –OH và vòng benzen trong phân tử phenol có ảnh
hưởng qua lại lẫn nhau.
Câu 2. Hoàn thành các dãy chuyển hóa sau bằng các phương trình hóa học:
Benzen
brombenzen
natri phenolat
phenol
2,4,6–tribromphenol
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
với
1. Na. 2. Dung dịch NaOH. 3. Dung dịch HBr.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 3. Viết phương trình hóa học của phản ứng nếu có khi cho C6H5-OH và C6H5CH2-OH tác dụng
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
31
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH Câu 4. Sục khí cacbonic vào dung dịch natri phenolat ở nhiệt độ thường thấy dung dịch bị vẩn đục, sau đó đun nóng dung dịch thì dung dịch lại trong. Giải thích những hiện tượng vừa nêu và viết phương trình phản ứng (nếu có)
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
(đktc). Tính thành phần phần trăm khối lượng của mỗi chất trong A.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 5. Cho 14,0 gam hỗn hợp A gồm phenol và etanol tác dụng với natri dư thu được 2,24 lít khí hiđro
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
~~~***~~~
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
CHƯƠNG 9: ANDEHIT - AXIT CACBOXYLIC
ANĐEHIT
Câu 1. Viết CTCT các hợp chất sau:
a) Fomanđehit b) andehit axetic c) propanal
Câu 2. Hoàn thành dãy chuyển hóa sau bằng các phương trình hóa học:
CH4 → CH3Cl → CH3OH → HCHO → HCOOH
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 3. Viết pthh của các phản ứng sau:
a. Andehit fomic tác dụng H2, xt Ni, t0 b. Etanal + AgNO3/NH3
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
32
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 4. Trình bày phương pháp hóa học phân biệt các chất lỏng sau: andehit axetic, etanol, benzen
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 5. Cho 50,0 gam dung dịch anđehit axetic tác dụng với dung dịch AgNO3 trong NH3 (đủ) thu
được 21,6 gam Ag kết tủa. Tính nồng độ % của anđehit axetic trong dung dịch đã dùng.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 6. Cho 10,20 g hỗn hợp hai anđehit kế tiếp nhau trong dãy đồng đẳng của anđehit fomic tác dụng với dung dịch AgNO3 trong NH3 (lấy dư) thu được 43,20 g bạc kết tủa. Tìm công thức của hai anđehit
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
~~~***~~~
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
AXIT CACBOXYLIC
Câu 1. Hoàn thành các phương trình hoá học dưới đây (nếu phản ứng có xảy ra):
a. CH3COOH + Na→ b. CH3COOH + NaOH → c. CH3COONa + H2O + CO2 → d. CH3COOH + CaO → e. CH3COOH + Cu →
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 2. Viết PTHH của các phản ứng hoàn thành dãy chuyển hóa sau:
CHCH → CH3CHO → CH3CH2OH → CH3COOH → CH3COOC2H5
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
33
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH Câu 3. Từ etanol và các chất vô cơ cần thiết khác có thể điều chế được axit axetic. Viết PTHH của
phản ứng xảy ra.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
CTPT của X
Câu 4. Đốt cháy hoàn toàn 4,40 g axit hữu cơ đơn chức X thu được 8,80 g CO2 và 3,60 g nước. Lập
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
3,64 lít O2 (lấy ở đkc). Hãy xác định CTPT của chất A.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 5. Chất A là một axit no, đơn chức, mạch hở. Để đốt cháy hoàn toàn 2,55g A phải dùng vừa hết
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
~~~***~~~ ÔN TẬP HK2
A. LÝ THUYẾT DẠNG 1: CHUỖI PHẢN ỨNG 1) (C6H10Ọ)n → C6H12O6 → C2H5OH → CH3CHO → C2H5OH →CH3COOH
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2) CH4 → C2H2 → C2H4 → C2H5Br → C2H5OH → CH3CHO → CH3COOH→ CH3COOC2H5
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
34
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3) CH4 → C2H2 → C6H6 → C6H5Cl → C6H5ONa → C6H5OH
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. DẠNG 2: NHẬN BIẾT Câu 1. Chất lỏng : phenol, axit axetic, anđehit axetic, benzen
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 2. Chất lỏng : axit axetic, ancol metylic, anđehit axetic, phenol.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 3. Chất lỏng : ancol etylic, axit axetic, glixerol, phenol.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 4. : Chất lỏng: axit axetic, ancol etylic, anđehit axetic, glixerol.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
35
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. DẠNG 3: ĐIỀU CHẾ Câu 1. Từ natri axetat, các chất vô cơ và điều kiện có đủ. Viết phương trình điều chế metan
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 2 : Từ glucozo , các chất vô cơ và điều kiện có đủ .Viết phương trình phản ứng điều chế ancol etylic
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 3: Từ ancol etylic viết phương trình điều chế axit axetic.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 4: Từ etanal , các chất vô cơ và điều kiện có đủ .Viết phương trình điều chế kim loại bạc.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 5: Từ axetilen , các chất vô cơ và điều kiện có đủ .Viết phương trình điều chế andehit axetic.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 6: Từ CH3CHO , các chất vô cơ và điều kiện có đủ. Viết phương trình điều chế CH3CH2OH.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
DẠNG 4: Giải thích hiện tượng và viết PTHH 1. Cho Na vào ancol etylic.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2. Dẫn khí CO2 vào dung dịch natri phenolat trong suốt, dung dịch tạo thành có muối NaHCO3.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3. Cho bột NaHCO3 vào dd axit axetic.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 4. Cho nước brom vào phenol.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 5. Đun nhẹ hỗn hợp andehit axetic và dd AgNO3/NH3.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
B. BÀI TOÁN Dạng 1. Toán một phương trình: (Các bài cho H% = 100%). 1. Cho m gam ancol etylic tác dụng đủ với Na thu được 2,24 lit H2 (đkc). Tính m?
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2. Cho 9,4 gam phenol tác dung vừa đủ với 100 ml dd NaOH aM. Tính a?
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
36
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 3. Cho 4,4 gam etanal tác dụng với lượng dư dd AgNO3/NH3, thu được m gam bạc. Tính m ?
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 4. Cho 4,4 gam andehit axetic tác dụng với H2 dư (Ni, to), thu được m gam ancol. Tính m?
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Dạng 2. Xác định CTPT của một chất Câu 1. Đốt cháy hoàn toàn 7,4 g một ancol no, đơn chức, mạch hở thu được CO2 và 9 gam H2O.
Xác định CTPT của ancol.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 2. Đốt cháy hoàn toàn 5,8 gam một andehit no, đơn chức, mạch hở cần dùng hết 8,96 lít
O2(đkc). Xác định CTPT của andehit
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.Xác định CTPT của axit
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 3. Đốt cháy hoàn toàn 6 gam một axit cacboxylic no, đơn chức, mạch hở thu được 8,8 g CO2
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
37
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
dịch NH3, đun nóng , thu được 32,4 gam Ag. Tìm công thức PT của X.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 4. Cho 8,7 gam một anđehit X no, đơn chức, mạch hở phản ứng với lượng dư AgNO3 trong dung
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
định CTPT của A.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 5. Cho 60g ancol A đơn chức, no , mạch hở tác dụng hết với Na thu được 11,2 lit H2 (đkc). Xác
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
NaOH. Tìm công thức của Y.
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 6. Để trung hòa 6,72 gam một axit cacboxylic Y (no, đơn chức, mạch hở), cần dùng 4,48 gam
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 7. Cho 12 gam một axit no, mạch hở đơn chức tác dụng hết với Na thu được 2,24 lit H2
(đktc). Tìm CTPT của axit.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
38
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Bài tập hóa học 11 - XH Dạng 3* Bài toán hỗn hợp . Câu 1. Cho 12,2 gam hỗn hợp X gồm etanol và propan-1-ol tác dụng với natri (dư) thu được 2,8 lít
khí (đktc). Tính thành phần % khối lượng mỗi chất trong hỗn hợp X.
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. Câu 2. Cho 7,28g hỗn hợp gồm ancol etylic, ancol propylic tác dụng hết với kali dư thu 1,568 lít khí (đkc). Tìm % khối lượng mỗi chất trong hỗn hợp đầu, và thể tích O2 (đkc) cần đốt hoàn toàn lượng ancol trên .
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Câu 3. Cho 9,2 gam hỗn hợp A gồm ancol metylic và axit axetic tác dụng với natri (dư) thu được
2,24 lít khi (đktc). Tính thành phần % khối lượng mỗi chất trong hỗn hợp A
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
39
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................