Thực trạng và một số yếu tố liên quan đến mức độ độc lập trong sinh hoạt hằng ngày ở người cao tuổi điều trị nội trú tại Khoa Phục hồi Chức năng Bệnh viện E năm 2024

The global population is undergoing a significant demographic shift towards an aging society, presenting complex challenges, particularly concerning the health and well-being of the elderly. As individuals age, the risk of chronic diseases and functional decline increases, often leading to reduced independence in daily living activities. In Vietnam, this trend is pronounced, with a growing elderly population facing considerable health burdens and a need for long-term care. While the demand for rehabilitation services for elderly inpatients is rising, a systematic understanding of their independence levels and the factors influencing independency remains limited. This study aims to address this gap by evaluating the current status of independence in daily living activities among elderly inpatients at E Hospital's Rehabilitation Department and identifying key determinants of their functional autonomy.

Medical professionals, rehabilitation specialists, gerontologists, public health researchers, and policymakers interested in elderly care and functional independence.

This cross-sectional study investigated the independence in daily living activities among 150 elderly inpatients aged 60 and above at E Hospital's Rehabilitation Department between January and July 2024. Patients with severe cognitive or acute musculoskeletal limitations were excluded. Data were collected from medical records and assessed using standardized ADL scales, specifically the KATZ index for basic activities and the Lawton scale for instrumental activities. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata 11.0, employing univariate and multivariate regression to identify factors influencing independency. The findings revealed that while most patients maintained independence in basic daily living activities (72% according to KATZ), a substantially higher proportion exhibited dependency in advanced daily living activities (79.33% according to Lawton). Key factors significantly increasing the risk of dependency included male gender, history of stroke, hypertension, and the use of mobility aids such as walkers and wheelchairs. Furthermore, comorbid conditions like pneumonia and metabolic disorders were strongly associated with reduced functional autonomy. Multivariate analysis confirmed that the use of mobility aids and pneumonia were particularly strong predictors of dependency. These results underscore the critical need for targeted interventions within rehabilitation departments to support and enhance the independence of elderly inpatients, focusing on managing comorbidities and providing appropriate assistive devices to improve their quality of life and functional outcomes.