Bài tập viết lại câu (có đáp án)

SENTENCE TRASFORMATION – GRADE 9 REWRITE THE SENTENCES 1 : SO SÁNH HƠN -> SO SÁNH NHẤT

1. No other city in Vietnam is so large as HCM City. >HCM City……………………………………………………………………………………….. 2. Have you got a cheaper carpet than this ? > Is this the …………………………………..………………………………………………….. 3. No one in the group is younger than her. > She is the…………………………………..………………………………………………….. 4. My sister is taller than any other student in the class. > My sister is the……………………………..………………………………………………….. 5. This story is more interesting than any other story that I’ve ever read. > This is the.………………………………….. ………………………………………………….. REWRITE THE SENTENCES 2 : SO SÁNH BẰNG CÓ CHỦ NGỮ : NO (ONE ) -> SO SÁNH NHẤT

ấ ằ No one + so sánh b ng Ss nh t No one in this class is as tall as Jimmy. > Jimmy is the tallest one in this class.

…………… 1. Mary is the fastest typist in her office. No one ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. The Red River is the fastest river in Vietnam. No river …………………………………………………………………………………………… 3. No one plays football as well as Ronaldo. Ronaldo…………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. Miss Lan is the best student in this class. Nobody ………..…………………………………………………………………………………… 5. No workers work as noisily as the ones in this workshop. The workers………………………………………………………………………………………… REWRITE THE SENTENCES 3 ( Hiện tại hòan thành -> Quá khứ đơn) present perfect ( have / has ) +Ved/3 + time > It is + time + since + past simple ( ved /2 )

1. Tom and Mary have been married for five years. > It is five years since Tom and Mary got married. 2. I haven’t seen my father for one month. > It’s one month since I last saw my father. 3. Tom has not had his hair cut for over 3 months. >It is ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. My father hasn’t been to Hanoi for 2 years. It is ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5. I haven’t enjoyed myself so much for years. >It is ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 6. I haven’t eaten this kind of food for 2 years. > It is ……………………………………………………………………………………………… REWRITE THE SENTENCES 4 present perfect ( have / has) + not + Ved/3 > It is the first time + S + have / has + ved/3 This is the first time

1. I haven’t seen that man before. > It is the first time I have seen that man here. 2. I have never read this book before. > It is the first time I have read this book. 3. My father hasn’t driven a car before. >This is the first time……………………………………………………………………………… 4. I’ve never met such a famous singer before. >It is the first time………………………………………………………………………………… 5. She has never been to the ballet before. >It is the first time…………………………………………………………………………………. REWRITE THE SENTENCES 5 S + have / has + not + Ved/3……since/ for > S + last + ved/2 ……….when + S Ved/2 The last time + S + Ved/2 …. + was….

1. I haven’t heard him since August. > The last time I heard him was in August. 2. I haven’t seen him since I was a student . > I last saw him when I was a student. 3. I haven’t played football since 1970. > The last time …………………………………………………………………………………… 4. We haven’t seen Tom since he moved to Bristol >We last ………………………………………………………………………………………… 5. It hasn’t rained for a fortnight. >The last time …………………………………………………………………………………… 6. Lucy hasn’t worn that dress since Barbara’s wedding. >The last time …………………………………………………………………………………… 7. My father hasn’t been to Vung Tau for two years. >The last time …………………………………………………………………………………… 8. The last time she went out with him was 9 months ago. >It is ………………………………………………………………………………………………

REWRITE THE SENTENCES 6 1. Study hard or you won’t pass the exam. > If ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. Sarah wants to be a model but she is short. > If………………………………………………………………………………………………… >Sarah wishes……………………………………………………………………………………… 3. My father spent half an hour repairing my bike. >It took…………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. It will take you 50 minutes to go there by bike. >You ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 5. It’s twenty years since I visited that town. >I haven’t ………………………………………………………………………………………… > I last …………………………………………………………………………………………… 6. David hasn’t smoked for two months. > It’s …………………………………………………………………………………………….. >David last ……………………………………………………………………………………… 7. I live in a small flat. > I wish…………………………………………………………………………………………… 8. The astronauts orbited the earth in two hours. > It took…………………………………………………………………………….……………. 9. Nobody likes her, ………………………………………………? (tag question) 10. Do you know the boy ? He’s playing the guitar. >Do you know ……………………………….. …………………………………………… ? REWRITE THE SENTENCES 7 1. Did your brother work here? >Your brother ………………………………….., …………………………..? 2. They last played soccer in1990. >They haven’t …………………………………………………………………………………… 3. It’s ten days since he came here. >He last …………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. I lent you the book. Where is it ? > Where is ………………………………………………………………………………………? 5.We are going to London. It’s the capital of Britain. >………………………………………………………………………………… (relative clause) 6. Don’t be careless, ………………………………………………………………? (tag question) 7. When she grows up she wants to work for that company. >She wishes ………………………………………………………………………… in the future. 8. It took them 80 days to travel around the world. >They ………………………………………………………….. 9. He spends an hour teaching his son Math a day. >It ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10.Your father and sister will come to visit you , ……………………………… ? (tag question) REWRITE THE SENTENCES 8 1. I’m writing a letter to Anna. Her father worked with me. > …………………………………………………….. …………………………(relative clause) 2. The house is for sale. It belongs to my uncle. > ………………………………………………… ………………………… (relative clause) 3. Your house was built ten years ago, …………………………………………..? (tag question) 4. Nothing is wrong, …………………………………………………………? (tag question) 5. I spend thirty minutes a day watering the garden. > It ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 6. It took him four days to finish the report. >He ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 7. David doesn’t speak English well so he can’t find a good job. >If ………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8.“Let’s hold a party next Sunday.” My sister said. > My sister suggested …………………………………………………………………………… 9.“ Don’t copy David’s test, Smith.” The teacher said >The teacher……………………………………………………………………………………… 10. I don’t want to go out when it’s hot. > If ………………………………………………………………………………………………… REWRITE THE SENTENCES 9 1.“My sister will visit me tomorrow.” Huy said. > ……………………………………………………………………………… (reported speech ) 2.“ Na, what are you doing?” her mother asked. > ……………………………………………...……………………………… (reported speech ) 3. They had breakfast in a restaurant, .................................? (tag question) 4. I am right, ................................................ ………………………….? (tag question) 5. Slow down or you will have an accident. >If ..................................................................................................................................................... 6.The sea is rough, so we can’t go swimming. >If .................................................................................................................................................... 7. She hasn’t eaten meat since last year. > It’s ................................................................................................................................................. > She last ......................................................................................................................................... 8. The dictionary is on the table. My mother bought it to me yesterday. >............................................................................................................................. (relative clause) 9. David is going to repair the faucet. He is a plumber. > ............................................................................................................................(relative clause) 10. My son wants to go for a picnic but he doesn’t have time. > If ................................................................................................................................................... REWRITE THE SENTENCES 10 1.It’s a pity I can’t play the guitar well . >I wish …………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. My mother spent three hours making a dress . >It took …………………………………………………………………………… 3. We haven’t been to the concert for over a year . >The last time …………………………………………………………………………………… 4.We last saw our grandfather two years ago . >We haven’t ……………………………………………………………………………………… 5. I have never read such a romantic story . >This is ………………………………………………………………………………………… 6.It’s nearly twenty years since my father saw my uncle. >My father ………………………………………………………………………………………… 7. It’s pity I don’t have a computer . >I wish …………………………………………………………………………………………… 8. They are going to build a supermarket in my neighborhood. >A supermarket ………………………………………………………………………………… 9. The last time we went to the cinema was two years ago . >We haven’t ……………………………………………………………………………………… 10. He hasn’t been back to his village for over 20 years . >It’s ……………………………………………………………………………………………… REWRITE THE SENTENCES 11 1. I’m sorry I’m not able to go with you . >I wish …………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. Spending the weekend in the countryside is very exciting. > It’s ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 3. Why don’t we go to the countryside? > I suggested……………………………………………………………………………………… 4. Practice speaking English every day or you can’t improve your English . > If ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 5. The boy is sorry he doesn’t have his teacher’s address . > The boy wishes………………………………………………………………………………… 6. “ Where do you live ? ” the interviewer said to me . > The interviewer………………………………………………………………………………… 7. “ I’m very busy . I’ll ring you tomorrow ,” Susan said to me . > Susan …………………………………………………………………………………………… 8. “ Can you speak any foreign languages ?” Henry said to me . > Henry…………………………………………………………………………………………… 9. “ Don’t shout ,” I said to Jim. > I………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10. The last time we saw him was on Monday . > We……………………………………………………………………………………………… REWRITE THE SENTENCES 12 1. “ Can you speak Vietnamese , Maryam ?” Nga asked. >Nga asked………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. Why don’t we go to the countryside this weekend ? > Minh suggested………………………………………………………………………………… 3. We like to lie on the beach all day . > We enjoy………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. Do you fancy going for a walk ? > Would you like………………………………………………………………………………… 5. My brother spends three hours surfing the Net every night. > It takes…………………………………………………………………………………………. 6. It’s a pity I don’t know many people here. > I wish……………………………………………………………………………………………. 7. People should use bicycles for short journeys. > Bicycles…………………………………………………………………………………………. 8. Some fashion designers have printed lines of poetry on the ao dai. > Lines of poetry………………………………………………………………………………… 9. Do you enjoy surfing the web? > Are you……………………………………………………………………………..…………… 10. I don’t know how to get access to the Internet. > I wish…………………………………………………………………………….………………. REWRITE THE SENTENCES 13 1. It’s nearly ten years since we saw our uncle. > We………………………………………………………………………………….……………. 2. You practice your English regularly or your English will not improve. > If…………………………………………………………………………………....……………. 3. Temperature is measured by a thermometer . >A thermometer is…………………………………………………………………..…………… 4. The last time I saw David was in 1989 . >I………………………………………………………………………….………………………. 5. “ Why don’t you complain to the company , Peter ?” said William. >William suggested……………………………………………………………..………………… 6. You forgot to switch on the washing machine , didn’t you ? >You didn’t…………………………………………………………….………………………… 7. Laura painted a picture , and it’s being shown in an exhibition. > The picture……………………………………………………………………………………… 8. The last time Thuy met her old friends was when they left school. >Thuy hasn’t……………………………………………………………………………………… 9.The earthquake hit the city at two in the morning. >The city…………………………………………………………………………….…………… 10. Tokyo and Yokohama were struck by a disastrous earthquake in 1923. ( relative clause ) >The cities…………………………………………………………………………..…………… REWRITE THE SENTENCES 14 1. This is the best computer I have ever used . > I have never …………………………………………………………………………………….. 2. Minh began to collect stamps in 2000. > Minh has ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 3. I will call the police if you don’t leave me alone. > Unless …………………………………………………………………………………………. 4. She knows a lot more about it than I do. > I don’t know …………………………………………………………………………………….. 5. This is the best essay I have ever written. > I have …………………………………………………………………………………………… 6. They never made us do anything we didn’t want to do. > We ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 7. They made him wait for two hours. > He was ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8. During dinner , the phone rang. > While I ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 9. I haven’t been to the dentist for two years. > It’s ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 10. I’ve never heard a more amusing story than this one. > This is …………………………………………………………………………………………… REWRITE THE SENTENCES 15 1. I’d like to have more time to study , but I haven’t. > I wish …………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. Tom is the best football player in his club. > No one …………………………………………………………………………………………. 3. I have never seen a more beautiful house than this. > This is …………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. Your hair is long. You’d better have it cut. > Your hair ………………………………………………………………………………………... 5. I haven’t seen my old school friend for 2 years. > The last …………………………………………………………………………………………. 6. It was my first visit to North America. > I have …………………………………………………………………………………………… 7. Let’s go abroad for our holiday this year. > Why ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 8. You’re the worst guitarist in the world. > No one ………………………………………………………………………………………….

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1. She knows a lot more about it than I do. > I don't know .................................................................................................................................... 2. Tom is the best football player in his club. > No one........................................................................................................................................... 3. I have never seen a more beautiful house than this. > This................................................................................................................................................ 4. I don’t have a bigger problem than Listening. > My ................................................................................................................................................ 5. It was my first visit to North America. > I .................................................................................................................................................... 6.“ I think you should go by train, Peter” ,she said. > She advised.................................................................................................................................... 7. Thank you for your help! > It was ............................................................................................................................................. 8. I lent you a book. It was written by a friend of mine. She lives in France. > The book I …………………………………………………………………………………………… 9. I used to own a dog. People came to the door. The dog never barked at them. > The dog………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10. I bought my car from a woman. She lives in a house. You can see the house over there. > The woman I … ……………………………………………………………………………………… REWRITE THE SENTENCES 20 1. Studying hard is the secret to pass your exams. > If ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2. We spent our childhood in that beautiful village and we always remember it. > We always remember ………………………………………………………………………………… 3. They understand more than I do. > We don’t ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. A train leaves at 8 o’clock every morning. > There is ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 5. Although Bill took a taxi , he still arrived late for the concert. > In spite ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 6. She wasn’t allowed to go out. > She wasn’t let ………………………………………………………………………………………. 7. You remembered to post the letter for me , didn’t you ? > You didn’t …………………………………………………………………………………………….. 8. He has to give up smoking or he’ll die. > If …………………………………………………............ 9. My English friend finds using chopsticks difficult. > My English friend isn't ………………………………………………………………………………... 10. Mrs Taylor does not like living in such a small house. > Mrs Taylor wishes …………………………………………………………………………………….. KEY

9. We started living here fifteen years ago . > We have ………………………………………………………………………………………… 10. He has never played a computer game before. > This is …………………………………………………………………………………………… REWRITE THE SENTENCES 16 1. Nga is pleased to meet her aunt again soon. > Nga is looking ………………………………………………………………………………… 2. Shall we go to the sports centre this weekend ? > Why ……………………………………………………………………………………………. 3. “ Let’s use fewer plastic bags.”, he said. > He suggested ………………………………………………………………………………….. 4. Does your brother use the Internet everyday ? ( tag question ) > Your brother …………………………………………………………………………………… 5. I’ve been working for this company for ten years. > I began …………………………………………………………………………………………. 6. My friend , Bill has decided to buy a motorbike . His car was stolen last week. > My friend Bill , ………………………………………………………………………………… 7. I bought a new car . It cost me a lot of money. ( Use a relative pronoun ) > …………………………………………………………………………………………………. 8. It is two months since I last saw her. > I haven’t ………………………………………………………………………………………… 9. They started to collect stamps three years ago. > They have ……………………………………………………………………………………… 10. We knew each other when we were students. > We have ………………………………………………………………………………………… REWRITE THE SENTENCES 17 1. He has never damaged the computer before. > This is the first time …………………………………………………………………………… 2. Nobody answers the question correctly. > The question …………………………………………………………………………………… 3. I started learning English three months ago. > I have …………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. They have lived here for ten years. > They started …………………………………………………………………………………… 5. The birds began building this net last week. > The birds have ………………………………………………………………………………… 6. How long have you lived in Vung Tau City ? > How long ago …………………………………………………………………………………… 7. Walking in the rain gives my brother pleasure. > My brother enjoys ……………………………………………………………………………… 8. “ Why don’t we stop eating chicken to avoid being infected with bird flu ?” > Ba suggested that chicken shouldn’t …………………………………………………………. 9. The children are excited about going to the circus. > The children are looking ……………………………………………………………………… 10. When did you start learning English ? > How long …………………………………………………………………………………….. REWRITE THE SENTENCES 18 1. The teacher said , “ Let us elect Ha Long Bay to be one of the World Wonders “ > The teacher suggested that Ha Long Bay …………………………………………………….. 2. I am not you. I can’t tell the police about the accident. > If ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 3. Peter is the tallest boy in his class. > No one …………………………………………………………………………………………. 4. Try to recycle things and we will save natural resources. > If we …………………………………………………………………………………………… 5. My friend Bill has decided to buy a motorbike. His car was stolen last week. > My friend Bill, … ........................................................................................................................ 6. I bought a new car. It cost me a lot of money. > The new … 7. I would like you to help me put the chairs a way.  Do you mind................................................................................................................................. 8. Please don’t make any noise; I'm very tired.  I'd rather............................................................................................................................................ 9. This is the best computer I have ever used.  I have never........................................................................................................................................ 10. He hasn’t chatted with his classmates through the internet for ages. It's ages................................................................................................................................................... 11. We haven't seen her since we left university.  The last time............................................................................................................................................ 12. He is on the fifteenth page of the report he's typing. > So far he .................................................................................................................................................. REWRITE THE SENTENCES 19

REWRITE THE SENTENCES 1 : SO SÁNH HƠN -> SO SÁNH NHẤT 1. HCM City is the largest city in Vietnam./ No city in VN is larger than HCM City. 2. Is this the cheapest carpet you have got ? 3. She is the youngest girl / person in the group. 4. My sister is the tallest student in the class. 5. This is the most interesting story I’ve ever read. REWRITE THE SENTENCES 2 : SO SÁNH BẰNG CÓ CHỦ NGỮ : NO (ONE ) -> SO SÁNH NHẤT 1. No one in Mary’s office types as fast as Mary does. No one in Mary’s office types faster than she does . 2. No river in Vietnam is as fast as the Red River / No river in Vietnam is faster than the Red River. 3. Ronaldo is the best football player. 4. Nobody in this class is as/so good as Miss Lan ./ Nobody in this class is better than Lan. 5. The workers in this workshop are the noisiest ones. The workers in this workshop work the most noisily. REWRITE THE SENTENCES 3 ( Hiện tại hòan thành -> Quá khứ đơn) 1. It is five years since Tom and Mary got married. 2. It’s one month since I last saw my father. 3. It is over three months since Tom last had his hair cut. 4. It is 2 years since my father last went to / was in Hanoi. 5. It is years since I enjoyed myself so much. 6. It is two years since I last ate this kind of food. REWRITE THE SENTENCES 4 1. It is the first time I have seen that man here. 2. It is the first time I have read this book. 3. This is the first time my father has driven a car. 4. It is the first time I’ve met such a famous singer. 5. It is the first time she has been to the ballet. REWRITE THE SENTENCES 5 5.The last time it rained was a fortnight ago. 6. The last time Lucy wore that dress was at Barbara’s wedding 7. The last time my father went to VT was 2 years ago. 8. It is 9 months since she last went out with him. 1. The last time I heard him was in August. 2. I last saw him when I was a student. 3. The last time I played football was in 1970. 4. We last saw Tom before he moved to Bristol. REWRITE THE SENTENCES 6

> I last visited that town twenty years ago. 6. David hasn’t smoked for two months. > It’s two months since David last smoked. >David last smoked two months ago. 7. I wish I didn’t live in a small flat. 8. It took the astronauts two hours to orbit the earth . 9. Nobody likes her, do they ? 10. Do you know the boy who’s playing the guitar ? REWRITE THE SENTENCES 7 7. She wishes she would work for that company in the future. 8. They spent 80 days travelling around the world. 9. It takes him an hour to teach his son Maths a day. 10.Your father and sister will come to visit you , won’t they ?

6. He spent four days finishing the report. 7. If David spoke English well , he could find a good job. 8. My sister suggested holding a party the following Sunday. 9. The teacher asked Smith not to copy David’s test . 10. If it were not hot , I want to go out .

6. If the sea were not rough , we could go swimming. 7. It’s one year since she last ate meat . / She last ate meat one year ago. 8. The dictionary which my mother bought to me yesterday is on the table. 9. David ,who is going to repair the faucet , is a plumber. 10. If my son had time , he would go for a picnic .

6. My father hasn’t seen my uncle for nearly twenty years . 7. I wish I had a computer . 8. A supermarket is going to be built in my neighborhood. 9. We haven’t gone to the cinema for two years. 10. It’s over 20 years since he last came back to his village . 6. I wish I knew many people here. 7. Bicycles should be used for short journeys. 8. Lines of poetry have been printed on the ao dai by some fashion designers 9. Are you interested in surfing the web? 10. I wish I knew how to get access to the Internet.

1. If you don’t study hard , you won’t pass the exam. 2. Sarah wants to be a model but she is short. > If Sarah were taller , she would be a model . >Sarah wishes she were taller and she were a model. 3. It took my father spent half an hour to repair my bike. 4. You will go there by bike in 50 minutes . 5. It’s twenty years since I last visited that town. >I haven’t visited that town for twenty years. 1. Your brother worked here , didn’t he ? 2. They haven’t played soccer since 1990. 3. He last came here ten days ago. 4. Where is the book which I lent you ? 5.We are going to London , which is the capital of Britain. 6. Don’t be careless, will you ? REWRITE THE SENTENCES 8 1. I’m writing a letter to Anna whose father worked with me. 2. The house which belongs to my uncle is for sale. 3. Your house was built ten years ago, wasn’t it ? 4. Nothing is wrong, is it ? 5. It takes me thirty minutes a day to water the garden. REWRITE THE SENTENCES 9 1.Huy said that his sister would visit him the following day. 2. Na’s mother asked what she was doing. 3. They had breakfast in a restaurant, didn’t they ? 4. I am right, aren’t I ? 5. If you don’t slow down , you will have an accident. REWRITE THE SENTENCES 10 1. I wish I could play the guitar well . 2. It took my mother three hours to make a dress . 3. The last time we went to the concert was over a year ago. 4. We haven’t seen our grandfather for two years. 5. This is the first time I’ve read such a romantic story . REWRITE THE SENTENCES 11 1.I wish I were able to go with you. 2. It’s very interesting to spending the weekend in the countryside . 3. I suggested going to the countryside .( we should go to the countryside ) 4. If you don’t practice speaking English every day , you can’t improve your English . 5. The boy wishes he had his teacher’s address . 6. The interviewer asked me where I lived. 7. Susan told me that she was very busy and she would ring me the following day. 8. Henry asked me if I could speak any foreign languages 9. I told Jim not to shout. 10. We haven’t seen him since Monday.

REWRITE THE SENTENCES 13 1. We haven’t seen our uncle for nearly ten years . 2. If you don’t practice your English regularly your English will not improve. 3. A thermometer is used to measure temperature 4. I haven’t seen David since 1989 . 5. William suggested ( that ) Peter should complain to the company. 6. You didn’t switch on the washing machine . 7. The picture which is being shown in an exhibition was painted by Laura. 8. Thuy hasn’t met her old friends since they left school. 9.The city was hit by the earthquake at two in the morning. 10. The cities which were struck by a disastrous earthquake in 1923 were Tokyo and Yokohama REWRITE THE SENTENCES 12 1. Nga asked if I could speak Vietnamese. 2. Minh suggested going / we should go to the countryside this weekend . 3. We enjoy lying on the beach all day . 4. Would you like to go for a walk ? 5. It takes my brother three hours to spend surfing the Net every night.

REWRITE THE SENTENCES 14 6. We are never made to do anything we didn’t want to do. 7. He was made to wait for two hours. 8. While I was having dinner , the phone rang. 9. It’s two years since I last went to the dentist. 10. This is the most amusing story I’ve ever heard. 6. I have never visited North America before. 7. Why don’t we go abroad for our holiday this year? 8. No one in the world plays the guitar as badly as you do. 9. We have lived here for fifteen years . 10. This is the first time he has played a computer game . REWRITE THE SENTENCES 16 6. My friend Bill, whose car was stolen last week, has decided to buy a motorbike . 7. I bought a new car which cost me a lot of money. 8. I haven’t seen her for two months . 9. They have collected stamps for three years . 10. We have known each other since we were students. 1. I have never used a better computer than this one. 2. Minh has collected stamps since 2000. 3. I will call the police unless you leave me alone. 4. I don’t know as much about it as she does. 5. I have never written a better essay than this one. REWRITE THE SENTENCES 15 1. I wish I had more time to study . 2. No one in his club plays football as well as Tom does./ No one in his club plays football better than Tom does. 3. This is the most beautiful house I’ve ever seen. 4. Your hair needs cutting / to be cut. 5. The last time I saw my old school friend was 2 years ago. 1. Nga is looking to meeting her aunt again . 2. Why don’t we go to the sports centre this weekend ? 3. He suggested using fewer plastic bags. 4. Your brother uses the Internet everyday , doesn’t he ? 5. I began working for this company ten years ago.. REWRITE THE SENTENCES 17

ON THI TS 10 - VTTN

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ể ả ỏ ữ ỏ what, when gì c nên đó là câu h iyes/no. Cũng nên chú ý ki u vi ế “said my mother “ t ẽ ặ ừ ướ ủ ừ ư c ch t ) mà đôi khi các em s g p trong quá trình làm bài. ơ t ng ấ ườ me i nghe là ở ử my => ng i nghe: th y có s h u ổ ộ ừ said thành asked vì là câu h i)ỏ ầ ổ ầ ng: ổ ừ ặ ườ ằ ộ ng b ng cách đem đ ng t đ c bi t ệ have ra sau ch tủ ừ you: ả ả ộ i: ổ ươ ứ ườ you => I , your => my ng ng thành ng i nghe (tôi): ầ ầ ặ ố ớ Ứ Ộ ề ắ ườ ẽ ậ ấ ủ ế ở ế ủ ờ ườ ắ ầ ừ ộ ơ ả ng thu t c p đ c b n, b t đ u t cách bi n hóa c a l ườ ữ ộ t gi a 2 c p đ này ch y u bài 5 này các em s làm quen v i d ng câu t i t ng thu t. N u nh ộ ờ ế ề ằ ệ ấ ữ i ch 3 đ ng t ỉ ườ ậ ấ ườ ườ i đây là các d ng th i nói. L n l t d ớ ạ ậ ng thu t ư ở ấ ộ ơ ả ủ c p đ c b n các em ch ể ậ ừ ườ ộ t đây các em ph i s d ng r t nhi u đ ng t ng thu t khác nh m đ ộ ậ ấ ạ ng thu t c p đ nâng cao: ả ử ụ ặ ủ ng g p c a câu t ườ ạ 6. How long ago did you live in Vung Tau City 7. My brother enjoys walking in the rain . 8. Ba suggested that chicken shouldn’t be eaten to avoid being infected with bird flu . 9. The children are looking forward to going to the circus. 10. How long have you learnt English ? => The man told me to tell him the way to the post office 3) “ Have you revised your lessons? “, said my mother. “Have you revised your lessons? “, said my mother. ấ ỏ Nhìn s qua th y là câu h i nh ng không có ch h i ượ ộ ế c đ ng t ( vi lên tr ặ ầ Ph n ngoài ngo c: ườ Tìm ng My mother asked me …. (Đ i đ ng t ặ Ph n trong ngo c: ườ Đ i thành câu th ặ Ph n trong ngo c ta đ i thành câu th You have revised your lessons Gi m thì: Chữ have (c t 1 )gi m xu ng thành c t 2 (had) ố ộ You had revised your lessons ổ ề ườ Thay đ i v ng You và your cũng đ i t I had revised my lessons Thêm if / whether đ u câu: if I had revised my lessons Cu i cùng ráp v i ph n ngoài ngo c bên trên ta có: My mother asked me if I had revised my lessons. BÀI 5 M C Đ NÂNG CAO Qua 4 bài trên các em đã n m v ng v câu t ở ấ ự ộ c p đ nâng cao. S khác bi ế ử ụ ẩ ạ y u s d ng quanh đi qu n l ố ủ ấ ể ệ th hi n cao nh t ý mu n c a ng 1) D ng 1: S + V + ng ừ tell, ask, và say thì gi ầ ượ ướ i + (not) TO Inf. ượ ử ạ ừ ườ th ng đ c s dùng trong d ng này là : ệ ả ố ộ Các đ ng t ờ invite (m i ), ask, tell, warn ( c nh báo ), order ( ra l nh ), beg ( van xin ), urge ( thúc h i) .... Ví dụ : "Would you like to go out with me." Said the man. => The man invited me to go out with him. ả ế ặ NOT tr cướ to inf . ệ ứ ứ ỡ ườ ắ + Ving / N ấ ớ ừ i t c s dùng trong d ng này là : ạ ừ ườ th ng đ ộ ộ ụ ề i + gi ượ ử ạ i ai v ....)Ví d : you've stolen my bicycle! ườ ứ ậ ổ ổ i: Trong các sách văn ph m ng i ta th ộ ộ ạ ủ ắ N u b o ai không làm chuy n gì, thì đ t ừ Don't stay up late ( đ ng th c khuya nhé ) > she reminded me not to stay up late ( cô y nh c nh tôi không th c khuya ) 2) D ng 2: S + V + ng ộ Các đ ng t Accuse sb of (bu c t > He accused me of having stolen his bicycle ( anh ta bu c t i tôi đã ăn c p xe đ p c a anh ta ) ứ ấ ể ạ ấ ấ ườ ề ứ ừ ả ạ ả ệ ế ỉ ầ ầ ấ ố ở ớ ự ủ đây h t, mà các em ch c n nh “câu th n chú” này là đ : ph phàng” đó chúng ta th ng nh t không dùng khái ni m “ngôi” ngi c gì NG NG I can't let you use the phone ạ ừ ệ ồ ệ ổ B NẠ đ i thành t c các đ i t ữ TÔI trong đó, bao g m:ồ I: tôi (ch t ), ủ ừ my: c a ủ t có ch ệ ẹ ạ ừ ậ ƯỜ ị nào mà d ch ra ti ng vi ạ ồ you: b n (ch t ), ch ề ệ I NÓI ể các em ph i hi u là bao g m t ng t ườ ủ ạ you: b n (túc t ). ừ ừ ạ ừ ứ ư ả ổ ế I NGHE ế ủ ừ your: c a b n, ặ ạ ch không l p l ấ ả ự ữ B NẠ cũng v y, bao g m: ườ i nghe hay ng ạ i tên hay danh t i nói thì các em ph i dùng đ i t nhé. ừ ề ệ i ai v vi c gì ) i gì cho ai ) ả ổ ạ ừ ụ ữ ườ ư ẹ ổ , vì m tôi là ph n ch t ủ ừ nên đ i thành she ư ề ẫ not said to me “I will give you a present.” ể ậ my mother nh ng không đ v y mà ph i đ i thành đ i t i nghe: ố said to me she would give me a present. ừ ả ơ ạ ừ ơ tomorrow => the next day / the following day ể ờ next => the next ờ ể => the + th i đi m before Ago => before Last + th i đi m ố ượ ử ề ạ ậ ị Prevent sb from (ngăn không cho ai làm gì ) Ví d :ụ > My mother prevented me from using the phone ( M tôi không cho tôi dùng đi n tho i ) Congratulate sb on ( chúc m ng ai v vi c gì ) ổ ỗ Blame sb for ( đ l ổ ộ Blame sth on sb ( đ t ả Warn sb against ( c nh báo ai không nên làm đi u gì ) l u ý m u này không dùng Don't swim too far ! He warned me against swimming too far. ( anh ta c nh báo tôi đ ng b i quá xa ) = He warned me not to swim too far Thank sb for ( cám n ai v vi c gì ) Criticize sb for ( phê bình ai vi c gì ) ạ 3) D ng 3: ừ ườ ộ Các đ ng t th ề ệ ệ S + V + VING ng đ c s dùng trong d ng này là : Advise ( khuyên ) , suggest ( đ ngh ), Admit ( thú nh n ), deny (ch i) ố .... 1. This is the first time he has damaged the computer . 2. The question isn’t answered correctly. 3. I have learnt English for three months . 4. They started living here ten years ago. 5. The birds have built this net since last week. REWRITE THE SENTENCES 18 1. The teacher suggested that Ha Long Bay should be elected as one of the World Wonders . 2. If I were you , I could tell the police about the accident. 3. No one in Peter’s class is as / so tall as him ./ No one in Peter’s class is taller than him. 4. If we try to recycle things , we will save natural resources. If we recycle things , we will save natural resources. 5. My friend Bill, whose car was stolen last week, has decided to buy a motorbike. 6. The new car I bought cost me a lot of money. 7. Do you mind helping me put the chairs away? 8. I'd rather you didn’t make any noise because I am tired. 9. I have never used such a good computer/ I have never used a better computer than this. 10. It's ages since he last chatted with his classmates through the internet. 11. The last time we saw her was when we left school. 12. So far he has typed fifteen pages of the report. REWRITE THE SENTENCES 19 1. I don’t know about it as/so much as she (does) 2. No one in Tom’s football club is a better football player than him. 3. This is the most beautiful house I have ever seen. 4. My biggest problem is Listening / Listening is my biggest problem 5. I have never been to North America before. 6. She advised Peter to go by train 7. It was very kind of you to help me. 8. The book I lent you was written by a friend of mine who lives in France. 9. The dog I used to own never barked at people who came to the door. 10. The woman I bought my car from lives in the house you can see over there. If you study hard , you will pass your exams. REWRITE THE SENTENCES 20 1. If you study hard , you will pass your exams. 2. We always remember ( spending our childhood in that beautiful village ) 3. We don’t ( understand as much as they do ) 4. There is ( an eight o’clock – train every morning ) 5. In spite ( of taking a taxi , Bill still arrived late for the concert. ) 6. She wasn’t let ( to go out ) 7. You didn’t ( forget to post the letter for me , did you ? 8. If ( he doesn’t give up smoking , he’ll die.) 9. My English friend isn't ( used to using chopsticks ) 10. Mrs Taylor wishes ( she didn’t live in such a small house / to live in a larger house ) BÀI 1 ổ ề ộ Các thay đ i v n i dung ổ ề ườ ng nói : ngôi th nh t thì đ i thành gì, ngôi th hai thì đ i thành gì …. Th t tình Thay đ i v ng ứ ấ mà nói trong quá trình gi ng d y tôi th y r t nhi u em hoàn toàn không hi u khái ni m “ ngôi th nh t” “ ngôi th hai” là gì c ! T “th c ế ủ t ƯỜ ổ TÔI đ i thành ả đâyở TÔI ươ tôi, me: tôi (túc t ). T L u ý là khi đ i thành ng ụ Ví d : My mother i nói: I: tôi => ng ườ ạ You: b n => ng me Cu i cùng ta có: My mother ả Các em xem b ng đ i t nhé. ổ ề ờ Thay đ i v th i gian: Now => then Yesterday => the day before / the previous day ổ ề ơ Thay đ i v n i ch n: Here => there this => that ụ ( chúng ta cùng đi b i nhé ) ậ ặ ế ứ ặ ở ậ ạ ờ These => those ừ ườ ộ t i l ả ả gi m thì. i nói trong ngo c ta ph i ng thu t bên ngoài d u ngo c ị ơ ấ ơ ề ọ ớ ả ụ ư ổ ề ườ ệ ạ ẽ ả c d y là thì gì thì ph i gi m thành thì gì, ví d nh thì hi n t ụ ứ ả ọ ư ể quá kh thì khi thu t l ả ẽ ả ng trên l p h c và trong sách các em s đ ạ i s gi m thành thì quá ế ọ t g i là thì ậ ộ ấ ả ứ ộ ộ ộ ấ ả ả ả ầ ả ủ ừ ừ ấ t tên thì ộ ắ b t qui t c thì thêm g n ch t ộ S + V + to Inf. ạ ng đ c s dùng trong d ng này là : ố ứ ừ ầ ộ ụ ộ ượ ẽ là l y đ ng t ả c)ướ had phía tr ế ẽ ỉ ấ nh t gi m xu ng 1 c t. Ví d c t 1 thì gi m thành c t 2, (không ph i là đ ng t ả ộ c nên ph i thêm ừ ố ề ượ ử ồ ị ( đ ngh giúp ai) , refuse (t threaten ( đe d a),ọ propose ( có ý đ nh ),offer ụ ị ch i) ... => He threatened to kill me if I did not do that. ộ ủ go là went ) She goes => she went ( c t 2 c a ấ ứ ẽ ạ > she promised to visit us ( cô y h a thăm chúng tôi ) ứ ả ừ ầ cướ gone ) ể ả had vào phía tr ủ ừ ấ ấ be ) nh t là will đ gi m thì ch không l y ị ượ ề ộ c giúp tôi m t tay ) ườ Ặ ự ậ ộ g n ch t ả ng h p sau đây không gi m thì: ị ứ Thì quá kh hoàn thành. ượ ế ề ậ Ạ ọ c m t s ki n th c khá v ng v câu t ả ạ ệ ộ ấ ộ ố ế ố ớ ườ ố ứ ữ ị ệ ậ ạ ị ữ ng thu t, n u ch u ấ ng. Tuy nhiên đ i v i nh ng em có ý đ nh thi kh i D thì b y nhiêu t h u h t các d ng bài t p ọ ạ ẫ ề ữ ụ ấ ả ồ ổ i : Trên đây là nh ng thay đ i căn b n mà trong t ề as if, as though, if only, wish, it's high time, would rather, câu đi u ki n lo i 2, 3) ả t c các m u mà các em h c sau này đ u áp d ng ệ ẫ ặ ả ậ ở ườ tr ể t mà các em có th tham kh o thêm. ẽ ổ ạ ậ ệ t 2 lo i thay đ i: ng thu t. Khi làm các em phân bi ạ ỏ ạ ứ ủ ụ ậ ạ ườ ư ề ệ i thì không dùng d ng câu h i mà l i áp d ng công th c c a ng thu t l ổ ở ẽ ọ Là 4 thay đ i ạ bài 1 và bài 2 ộ ố ạ ệ ặ ẫ ế ấ v...v Ví d : Shall we go for a swim? > she suggested going for a swim ( cô y đ ngh đi b i ) Ví d : I know I am wrong > he admitted being wrong ( anh ta thú nh n là mình sai ) ạ 4) D ng 4: ừ ườ th Các đ ng t promise (h a),ứ agree ( đ ng ý ), Ví d : He said, “I will kill you if you don’t do that” We’ll visit you (chúng tôi s thăm b n) let me give you a hand ấ > he offered to give me a hand (anh y đ ngh đ Ệ BÀI 6 CÁC D NG Đ C BI T ầ ơ ả Chào các em , sau khi h c qua 2 ph n c b n và nâng cao các em cũng đã có đ ế ố ầ ể khó luy n t p thì các em có th làm t ư ủ ộ ố ạ đó v n ch a đ . Sau đây là m t s d ng đ c bi ạ advice: 1) Các d ng câu s dùng ỏ ư Có m t s d ng câu nh câu h i, câu đi u ki n … nh ng khi t ừ advise: ớ ộ ệ câu m nh l nh v i đ ng t ứ Khi g p các m u sau thì dùng công th c: S + advise + O + to inf. ậ ể ư ủ ừ ộ , đ ng t ạ ừ ng thu t có th chia làm 4 lo i sau: S + should Why don’t you…. If I were ư , “She didn’t like dogs” ng nh : “I am a student” S + had better you… My mother said,” You’d better go to school early” ạ ỉ ầ ố ớ ổ ơ ả mà thôi. ụ nh ngữ Thay đ i c b n (cid:240) ườ Đ i v i lo i câu này ta ch c n áp d ng Mary said:” I will study in this school next year” (cid:240) ầ ạ ệ ệ ệ ườ ậ i khác làm gì đó, cách nh n d ng câu m nh l nh là: ầ Could you Would you Would you mind ạ suggest: ạ Là lo i câu yêu c u ng ẫ nguyên m u. Can you ể ở ố ứ ặ ẫ ứ Ví d :ụ My mother advised me to go to school early. “Why don’t you go to school early? ”, said my mother. My mother advised me to go to school early. My friend said to me, “ If I were you, I would met him” => My friend advised me to meet him. ẽ 2) Các d ng câu s dùng Khi g p các m u sau thì dùng công th c: S + suggest + Ving (not) to inf. cu i câu) Áp d ng công th c sau: i nghe Let’s… Shall we… Why don’t we… How about ….. ầ ấ ả ế ế ề ệ ườ ườ ộ ấ t: t ph i có ng i nghe cho nên vi c tìm ng i nghe cũng là m t v n đ mà các em c n bi My friend said to me,” Let’s go out for a drink” ườ ử ụ ỉ ệ ấ ẵ ch vi c l y đó mà s d ng. ố ớ ướ c tìm ng ữ ố said to Tom:”……” ẩ ấ ả ữ ướ ườ ỉ ệ ượ ể ở ố ử ụ c ng c đ i nghe): i nghe đ cu i câu: (ph i có d u ph y tr ta ch vi c đem lên mà s d ng: ẽ ạ ặ ẫ ứ Ví d :ụ => My friend suggested going out for a drink. My friend said,” Why don’t we go out for a drink? ” => My friend suggested going out for a drink. 3) Các d ng câu s dùng invite: S + invite + O + to inf. ợ ườ ở ử ả ổ ừ ư ả s h u + mother / ng h p đó là các ch : “Give me the book, Mary “said the man. ữ mum, dad thì ph i đ i thành ườ => The man told Mary to give him the book. father .Các danh t nh : boy, girl...Vv. thì ph i thêm thephía Khi g p các m u sau thì dùng công th c: Would you like ….? Ví d :ụ “Would you like to come to my party “ => He invited me to come to “Please give me some money, Mum “said the boy. ấ ặ ố ớ ư ề ặ ỉ ườ ợ ng ch có 1 câu, nh ng đôi khi các em cũng g p các câu đ cho 2 câu. Đ i v i các tr ng h p này các em => The man told the boys not to stay there. ở ố ắ ế ố ớ ở ử ườ ướ ườ ặ cu i câu cũng không nh c đ n thì ta xem tr i nói có s h u gì i nghe c ng ừ ể ố ề ng các câu đ cho th đ n i chúng l ng dùng là : ừ ườ th bên ngoài ngo c và ườ ế ì nghe. ả ế ế his party. ạ 4) Các d ng câu kép (có 2 câu nói trong 1 d u ngo c kép): ườ ườ Thông th ạ i; các liên t ph i dùng liên t ả ủ N u 2 câu là nguyên nhân, k t qu c a nhau thì theo nghĩa mà dùng: ườ ấ i nghe là anh y: ấ him) “Don’t tell me to do that. I don’t like it “ ườ ư ẫ i nghe. ườ me (tôi) làm ng ầ i nghe thì ta dùng ợ ộ ườ ệ ừ ặ ặ ỏ ộ ng h p xem xét c 3 cách trên mà v n ch a tìm ra ng đ c bi ừ do, does, did đ u câu. t ho c tr đ ng t ỉ ả ề ế ế ườ ng ể ế t đ u câu thì chuy n ra sau ch t ủ ừ . ỏ ộ ợ ộ ở ạ ừ ế ầ ừ do, does, did đ u câu thì b (đ ng t chia thì tr l i) ủ ậ ườ ế ẫ ộ ng thu t riêng c a câu sau. ng sau đó thêm and và đ ng t ệ ụ ể ệ ầ ạ ạ ể ầ ạ ạ ỏ ụ ổ ườ ằ ng b ng cách đem are ra sau ch t :ủ ừ ố ớ ạ ả ộ ố ậ exclaim (kêu lên , th t lên) Dùng đ ng t ng thu t ữ ỏ ầ ỏ ỏ ư HOW, WHAT, WHEN…… đ u câu ừ ể ộ ạ Because/ So Ví d :ụ => He asked me not to tell him to do that because he did not like it. N u 2 câu đó không có liên quan v nhân qu mà ch là 2 câu nói liên ti p nhau thì dùng: And added that (và nói thêm r ng)ằ Ví d : “ụ I miss my mother. I will visit her tomorrow.” => She said that she missed her mother and added that she would visit her the next day. ầ ừ ườ ạ N u 2 câu khác d ng nhau thì tùy câu đ u v n làm bình th t Ví d : “This is my book. Don’t take it away.” ( câu đ u d ng phát bi u, câu sau d ng m nh l nh) She said that was her book and told me not to take it away. “Tomorrow is my birthday. Do you remember that?” ( câu đ u d ng phát bi u, câu sau d ng câu h i) => She said that the next day was her birthday and asked me if I remembered that. 5) Đ i v i d ng câu câu c m: S + exclaim with + danh t tr ng thái bi u l that ẫ ừ ườ th ng dùng trong m u này là: ườ ng ướ ưở ừ ườ t Các danh t Delight ( thích thú, vui s ng) Admiration ( ng ng m ộ ) ố ư ỏ YES / NO nh ng không thêm if / whether ụ what time do you go to school?” ợ ả ạ Horror ( s h i) Surprise ( ng c nhiên) ố ấ ọ Satisfaction (hài lòng) ế Regret (ti c nu i) Disappointment (th t v ng) Pain (đau đ n)ớ ……. ơ ồ ụ ậ ấ ầ ẹ “What a lovely dress!” (Ôi, cái áo đ m đ p quá ng thu t c p đ c b n ế ộ ơ ả ườ ộ ơ ả ậ ấ ớ ấ ướ ể ể ề ơ ọ ng thu t c p đ c b n. Đ các em hi u rõ h n bài h c tr ộ c khi làm quen v i c p đ ộ ố ồ Ố ị ứ ị ứ ớ ằ ờ ờ L i chào dùng: i, tôi b đ t tay r i!) ằ greet thank L i chúc: wish ữ ế ể ẽ ề ả ạ ồ She said to me “hello!” ơ Cám n dùng: => She greeted me. ổ ơ ả ả ỉ ủ ừ ấ ừ ứ ạ ả nh t nên ph i gi m thì: ầ đ ng g n ch t i nghe ( Tom) là nam => ổ him Ử Ụ Ộ Ữ his Ỉ ư ạ i khác hoàn toàn PREFERvà WOULD i nghe ( Tom) là nam => ấ ắ ed => wanted ử ụ WOULD RATHER l ộ ộ ộ ẫ (to inf), m tộ danh đ ng t ừ (Ving) hay danh từ (noun); theo ộ did Ộ Ả THEO SAU WOULD RATHER PH I LÀ M T ố ườ Ộ ể Ta xét hai tr Ở Ẫ Ừ Ạ Ệ THÌ HI N T I ẫ ườ ườ ế ầ t ngay là câu m nh l nh, nên áp d ng theo công th c : i nói told/ asked ng ứ ng i nghe + to inf. would you please đ u câu là ta bi ư ườ ừ ừ ẳ ộ ụ said => told / asked : ệ ệ ả ổ t thì ph i đ i i nghe đã có s n, nh ng đ ng t ế ạ ế ừ ễ ườ ữ ế ấ ả ộ ấ Thay đ i v thì: N u đ ng t ẽ ượ ạ Thông th ặ ứ ộ kh .... Tuy nhiên cách này có h n ch là ph i h c thu c công th c thì gì s gi m thành thì gì, ch a k khi g p các câu không bi ế gì thì các em s ....bí! Sau đây Cô s ch cho các em cách gi m thì theo m t công th c duy nh t, không c n bi Gi m thì ộ ed), c t 2 thì gi m thành c t 3 (riêng c t 3 không đ ng 1 mình đ Ví d :ụ she is => she was ộ She went => she had gone ( vì gone là c t 3 nên ph i thêm ỉ ầ ấ She will be => she would be ( ch c n l y 1 đ ng t ợ ư Các tr L u ý: Chân lý, s th t. Trong câu có năm xác đ nh. Câu thu c c u trúc đã gi m thì r i (Sau: Tóm l BÀI 3 ườ Trong bài này các em s h c cách làm các d ng câu t ổ ơ ả ở Thay đ i c b n: trên. ổ ấ Thay đ i c u trúc: ổ Là các thay đ i liên quan đ n c u trúc câu nh ch t Ở ứ ộ ườ ả m c đ căn b n, câu t 1) Câu phát bi u:ể ạ Là lo i câu nói bình th Cách làm: Ví d :ụ => Mary said she would study in that school the following year. ệ 2) Câu m nh l nh: ừ ộ Đ u câu là: Đ ng t Don’t Please (please có th ụ Cách làm: ườ ườ asked / told + ng Ng i nói N u cóế don’t thì ta dùng not ệ ư ệ L u ý là đ i v i câu m nh l nh, nh t thi ư ừ ễ ế ườ i nghe t d đ n khó nh sau: Các b ề Đ i nh ng câu mà đ bài ng i ta cho s n: ụ Ví d : Mary ố ớ Đ i v i nh ng câu ng Ví d :ụ Trong tr cướ tr Ví d :ụ The boy told his mother to give him some money. “Don’t stay here, boys” the man said. ở Đ i v i các câu không có ng ấ ở ử không, n u có thì ta l y s h u đó làm ng Ví d :ụ His mother said "..." ẹ ủ ở ử his (m c a anh y => ng ấ Th y có s h u => His mother told him... ợ ả Tr ạ ỏ 3) Câu h i YES / NO: Là d ng câu h i có đ ng t ổ Cách làm: Đ i sang câu th ệ ầ ừ ặ ộ N u câu có đ ng t đ c bi “Can he go?” => He can go N u là tr đ ng t “Does he go?” => He goes ầ Thêm IF/ WHETHER đ u câu you a student?” Ví d : Mary asked Tom:”Are => đ i sang câu th "You are a student" => Mary asked Tom if / whether he was a student. 4) Câu h i WH: Là câu h i có các ch h i nh Cách làm: ổ Đ i sang câu th ư Gi ng nh câu h i Ví d : She said to me:” She asked me what time I went to school. ắ t sau đây: Các em xem s đ tóm t ườ Ứ BÀI 4 ng d ng câu t ắ Qua 3 bài trên, các em đã n m v lý thuy t câu t ậ nâng cao, chúng ta cùng nhau làm m t s bài t p sau nhé: 1) Mary said to Tom “I want to tell you that I don’t like your brother” Mary said to Tom “I want to tell you that I don’t like your brother” ổ ề ấ Đây là d ng câu phát bi u, các em s không ph i thay đ i v c u trúc mà ch chú ý đ n các thay đ i c b n; các ch màu h ng đ u có ữ ộ ả ổ nghĩa là “tôi’ “b n” nên ph i đ i; các ch màu xanh là đ ng t ụ ữ ườ ủ ừ i nói ( Mary) là ph n => đ i thành I: tôi ( ch t ) = ng she ườ ừ ạ You: b n (túc t ) = ng ở ử ủ ạ ườ Your: c a b n ( s h u ) = ng ộ ả ộ Want là c t 1 gi m thành c t 2, không có b t qui t c nên thêm ả ộ Do là c t 1 gi m thành c t 2 => Cu i cùng ta có: Mary said to Tom she wanted to tell him that she didn’t like his brother” 2) The man said to me,” would you please tell me the way to the post office? “ Th y cóấ ườ Ng i nói và ng => The man told me…. Ti p theo là ta ph i tìm đ ng t him, các ch khác vi , d dàng th y là i thì “me” => tell, ng i h t: t l Ví d :ụ She exclaimed with delight that the dress was lovely. “Oh! I’ve cut myself” said the little boy. ( The little boy exclaimed with pain that he had cut himself. (Th ng bé kêu lên đau đ n r ng nó b đ t tay) ộ ố ạ 6) M t s d ng khác: Ví d :ụ “Thank you very much for your help” => She thanked me for my help. “Happy new year!” => She wished me a happy new year. Ủ S D NG WOULD RATHER KHI TRONG CÂU CH CÓ M T CH NG Cùng mang nghĩa như PREFER và WOULD PREFER nh ng cách s d ng ừ nguyên m u có "to" ể ế PREFER có th là m t đ ng t PREFER. N u theo sau ư sau WOULD PREFER là m tộ "to inf"hay danh từ (Cũng có th là Ving nh ng ít dùng) thì ợ Đ NG T NGUYÊN M U KHÔNG "TO" (Bare inf). ng h p sau: * TH1: S + WOULD RATHER + Bare inf(Vo, nguyên m u không "to"). S + WOULD RATHER DO something THAN (DO) something. Ví d :ụ I WOULD RATHER drink coffee.

ON THI TS 10 - VTTN

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ở ể ỏ ế ố ậ ế ấ ệ t : ặ Ở Ễ Ứ Ế ổ ố ạ ả ế ứ ỉ c nên chúng ta n u có mong mu n thay đ i thì cũng ch ố ể ả ị Ứ THÌ QUÁ KH . ệ ể ệ ướ c mu n ch không th hi n th c hóa đ ị ộ ộ ở ộ ệ ệ ạ ể ễ ế ồ ể ệ ẽ ế ự ộ ộ ả ề đang c t 1(thì hi n t ế ứ ở ộ ẽ ư đang ủ ị ừ ộ ướ ứ have/has/had tr ứ ừ ở ộ ừ c V3/ed. ườ đang ỉ ừ ừ ợ ộ ứ ộ ố ể ọ ẽ c t 2 (V2/ed); do đây là mong mu n không th x y ra trong quá kh nên ta s lùi nguyên ộ ng đ ng t ướ c có "Would" nên trong 3 tr đ ng t ể ả ta ch có th ch n "have" (sau "would" là đ ng t ộ ẫ ạ ừ ứ ứ ớ ề ủ ữ ố ủ ữ ố ố “I, he, she, it” thì đi v i “was”. ạ ừ ớ “You, we, they” đi v i “were”. ờ ộ ộ ạ ả ể i m t th i đi m c th nào đó : ấ ụ ể ấ ờ ố t i qua) ố ạ ệ ề ề ứ ự ậ ấ ế ệ t : ộ ạ ạ ệ ế ự ả ủ ẽ ự ố i qua), at … o’clock yesterday ể ế ề ệ Ử Ụ ở ờ ố ố ờ ầ ứ quá kh , whe hôm qua), all day yesterday ( su t ngày hôm qua), all last week = during last week (trong su t tu n) + th i gian Đ NH TRÁI V I TH C T ở ờ ộ ứ quá kh . Ủ Ớ ớ Ữ Ự Ế Ở Ệ hi n t Ứ ố ể ể ệ ư ộ Ả Ị ố ủ ả ị ở ộ ườ ừ ở ệ ạ hi n t ể ắ i nói không th ch c ch n đ ườ ng Ạ HI N T I ự ế ở ệ ạ i. Do ng ộ ậ đ nh (không có th t), và lùi thì. Đ ng t i bình th ể ắ ượ c chúng có th ề ộ ể ẽ c t 1 ta s chuy n v c t ị ụ ả ị ạ i dùng V2/ed (bought) vì đây là câu gi ư i nh ng ta l ở ệ ạ hi n t đ nh) ủ ị ủ ị ẽ ủ ị

ấ ả ộ t c các ngôi. ộ ộ ễ ể ứ ề ộ c hành đ ng khác trong quá kh : ạ ướ ọ ạ ị ể ồ i, tôi đã d n s ch bình hoa b b r i) ế ẹ c khi m quay l ậ ệ t : Ự Ế Ứ Đ NH TRÁI V I TH C T TRONG QUÁ KH . ứ Ả Ị ẽ ừ ấ ợ ộ ở ộ ườ ứ ừ ể ả ắ ộ ộ Ớ c t th 2 ta s chuy n sang c t th 3 trong b ng đ ng t b t quy t c và thêm tr đ ng t ợ "had" (tr ng đang c khi) ứ quá kh bình th ứ quá kh ). ướ Ơ NG LAI Đ N (SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE) : ị

Ử Ụ Ầ Ế ự ườ ệ ề ệ ấ ộ ố ộ ộ ị ị i nghe thì ể ử ụ ấ ộ ẽ ả ở ươ t ng lai : ừ ộ ể nguyên th không"to"). ưở ẽ ở ng thành) ộ ượ ế ị ề ộ ạ ậ ưở ấ ồ ng gì không?) ộ ẽ ậ ấ ế ệ t : ố ộ ẳ ữ i ữ I WOULD RATHER drink coffee than (drink) trà đá."drink" hai v gi ng nhau có th b ). * TH2: ể ể ổ ượ ế N u các b n đ ý thì vi c trong quá kh là đã x y ra r i do đó không th thay đ i đ ế ỉ ự ộ ượ ứ c. Trong ti ng Anh đ di n ta m t đi u không th thành hi n th c đ nh", ch là th hi n là "gi ẽ ẽ ừ ắ ừ ấ ộ i) ta s b t quy t c): n u đ ng t chúng ta s làm đ ng tác lùi thì. Lùi thì có nghĩa là ta s ti n m t c t(b ng đ ng t ộ ả ư ộ ư đ a lên c t 2(thì quá kh ). N u đ ng t c t 2 (thì quá kh ) ta s đ a lên c t 3(các thì hoàn thành). L u ý là các thì hoàn thành ta ph i ợ ộ thêm tr đ ng t ở quá kh nên bình th Chúng ta đang xét ừ ộ ứ m t thì t c là đ ng t V2/ed => V3/ed; Phía tr m u không "to"). Do đó công th c WOULD RATHER trong quá kh là: S + WOULD RATHER + HAVE + V3/ed. Ví d :ụ I WOULD RATHER I have met you last week. ệ ạ ẽ ấ ấ *N u đ ý các b n s th y c u trúc trên gi ng h t v bên ph i c a câu đi u ki n lo i 3 (câu đi u ki n không có th c trong quá kh ). Vì câu ệ đi u ki n lo i 2, 3 cũng thu c lo i câu không có th c nên ta s th c hi n lùi thì. S D NG WOULD RATHER KHI TRONG CÂU CÓ HAI CH NG KHÁC NHAU * DÙNG WOULD RATHER TRONG CÂU GI Dùng WOULD RATHER đ th hi n mong mu n c a mình trái v i th c t ả x y ra hay không nên ta xem nh m t tình hu ng gi 2: S1 + WOULD RATHER + S2 + V2/ED Ví d : I WOULD RATHER you bought me a cup of coffee tonight. (Câu nói ế ế N u là câu ph đ nh ta s ph đ nh v sau: Ví d :ụ I WOULD RATHER you DIDN'T call me tonight. (OK) I WOULDN'T RATHER you call me tonight. (SAI) *L u ýư :Ta dùng đ ng t "tobe"là were cho t ừ Ví d :ụ I WOULD RATHER he weren't late tonight. * DÙNG WOULD RATHER TRONG CÂU GI ừ ộ Đ ng t ừ ở ộ đ ng t S1 + WOULD RATHER + S2 HAD + V3/ed. Ví d :ụ I WOULD RATHER you HAD CALLED me last night. ủ ị Ph đ nh: I WOULD RATHER you HADN'T CALLED me last night. (OK) I WOULDN'T RATHER you HADN'T CALLED me last night. (SAI) * S D NG WOULD RATHER TRONG CÂU C U KHI N Khi chúng ta mu n đ ngh ai đó làm vi c gì m t cách l ch s không mang tính ch t ép bu c, vi c làm hay không tùy thu c vào ng ta có th s d ng c u trúc sau: S1+WOULD RATHER THAT+S2+Bare Inf(Vo,đ ng t Ví d :ụ I WOULD RATHER THAT he stay at home. I WOULD RATHER THAT they buy this house. I WOULD RATHER THAT she sign the contract. ủ ị I WOULD RATHER THAT he not go out. (Ph đ nh) (Đôi khi ch THAT cũng có th đ ể ượ ỏ c b ) Ầ ƯƠ NG LAI G N (NEAR FUTURE) : ị ủ ị ế Ạ Ơ

ả ạ ầ ng l i g n : ủ ị ố ạ ả ự ắ ả ị ề ệ ạ ơ ở ẵ i : Ế ờ ắ Ễ ư ồ NG LAI TI P DI N (FUTURE CONTINUOUS) : ớ ấ ạ ừ ớ ấ ề “He, she, it” thì đi v i “V(s/es)”, “is” và “does” trong câu nghi v n. ạ ừ “You, we, they” đi v i “Vinf”, “are” và “do” trong câu nghi v n. ị ấ “I” đi v i “Vinf”, “am” và “do” trong câu nghi v n. ừ : ủ ị ế ổ ế ụ ướ c Y là ph âm thì đ i Y thành I + ES, còn n u nguyên âm thì thêm S). ộ ừ ậ t n cùng là : O, S, X, CH, SH, Y (n u tr ườ ạ ề i đ u thêm S. ộ ợ ng h p còn l ộ ặ ặ ặ ề ầ m t hành đ ng l p đi l p lai nhi u l n ho c 1 thói quen: ụ ể ễ ể ộ ộ ờ ng lai vào m t th i đi m c th : ậ ớ ắ ờ này tháng sau, ba tôi đang ghé vào nhà Tr ng. ễ ả ộ ự ậ : ườ ổ m t s th t hi n nhiên ƯƠ NG LAI HOÀN THÀNH (FUTURE PERFECT TENSE) : ặ ở phía tây. ế t : ế ỉ ả ườ ườ ng), sometimes ( th nh tho ng), rarely/barely/seldom ( hi m khi), never ng xuyên), often/occasionally( th ủ ị ạ ừ ư ừ ứ ướ ộ c đ ng t ứ trên đ ng tr ộ ủ i) to be. ờ ố t ườ Ễ Ế Ạ ươ ướ ễ ể ộ ộ ộ ờ ng lai. ồ ấ ượ ế c 10 năm r i đ y) ừ ạ và tr ng t ủ ị Ằ :ừ ớ ủ ữ ố ạ ừ ” He, she, it” thì đi v i “is”. ớ ” You, we, they” thì đi v i “are”. ằ ớ ủ ữ ố ạ ừ ư ừ : ộ ằ ế ữ ỏ ữ ồ ớ t n cùng b ng m t ch E: chúng ta b ch E đó đi r i m i thêm ing. ằ ầ ộ ế ừ ế ở ố ướ ụ ụ ấ ộ ồ ớ 1 âm ti ụ cu i có ph âm, và tr t c ph âm mà có m t nguyên âm thì g p đôi ph âm r i m i thêm ING. ể ơ ứ ủ ị ứ ủ ư ằ ườ ườ ạ i thêm ing bình th ợ ng h p còn l ng. ủ ị ư ế ế ạ ả ẫ ọ ể ậ ấ ỏ ằ ườ ấ ơ ủ i anh c a mình) i b ng m y ng ễ ể ắ ặ ả ộ ộ ờ ả ậ ề ừ ắ ạ hay tr ng t ng n : ề ộ ộ ng lai đã đ ặ ộ ữ ệ ứ ch c m t b a ti c tùng th 7 này) ừ ượ ọ ừ ắ ỉ ạ và tr ng t ế t đ ệ ấ ậ t : ấ ạ ờ c g i là ng n khi ch có 1 âm ti ơ ấ ỉ ơ Ạ ọ ướ ủ ơ ủ ạ c c a tôi dài h n c a b n) ừ ừ ạ và tr ng t ừ ượ ọ ế ở ừ ỉ c g i là dài khi ch có 2 âm ti ạ và tr ng t ủ ị ủ t tr lên ắ ơ ơ ủ ẩ ậ ậ ạ ừ ừ ắ ạ hay tr ng t ng n : “He, she, it” thì đi v i “has”. ớ ạ ừ ủ ữ ố ủ ữ ố ố ề ớ “I, you, we, they” đi v i “have”. ừ ắ ỉ c g i là ng n khi ch có 1 âm ti đ ứ ể ộ ờ ị ấ ớ ườ ế t i cao nh t l p) ừ ạ và tr ng t dài : ứ ề ừ ượ ọ ế ở ừ ỉ c g i là dài khi ch có 2 âm ti ạ và tr ng t t tr lên. đ quá kh và đang ti p t c ọ ồ ấ ủ ừ ệ ạ ộ ớ ờ ế ụ ở ệ ạ ế ệ ạ ể i th i đi m hi n t hi n t i : ượ c 5 năm r i) ng dùng tr ng t ever ): i (th ườ ạ ấ ả ỏ i b n thân c u tôi, Nathan ch i viôlông gi ấ i nh t) Ứ Ơ ứ ơ ả ể ị ộ ộ ủ ị ủ ộ ị ộ câu ch đ ng thành câu b đ ng : c chuy n t ủ ộ ướ ị ị ả ể ụ ừ ế ậ ằ ộ ộ ả ấ ụ ướ m t âm ti t mà t n cùng b ng m t nguyên âm + m t ph âm (tr h, w, x, y), chúng ta ph i g p đôi ph âm tr c khi thêm –ed: ứ ụ ế ậ ằ ấ ộ ộ ừ t th 2 và t n cùng b ng m t nguyên âm + m t ph âm(tr h, w, x, y) , chúng ta cũng ề ế ướ ấ ơ t có d u nh n r i vào âm ti c khi thêm –ed: Ể Ả ƯƠ Ạ Ệ NG LAI) ụ ộ ổ ồ t n cùng b ng m t ph âm + y, đ i “y” thành “i” r i thêm ed ủ ữ ể ố ề ệ ặ ứ ạ ả ấ ộ ể ặ ả ộ ờ ộ ờ ị hành đ ng x y ra và ch m d t t ứ i m t th i đi m ho c m t kho ng th i gian xác đ nh trong quá kh : ơ ớ ế ộ 1. Các thì trong ti ng Anh Ệ A . THÌ HI N T I Đ N ( SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE) : Công th c :ứ ị ẳ – Câu kh ng đ nh : S + V(s/es) …. S am/is/are …. Câu ph đ nh : S + do/does + not + V …. S + am/is/are + not ….. Câu nghi v n ấ : Do/Does + S + V ….? Am/Is/Are + S …..? ủ ữ ố * Ch ng s ít và đ i t ủ ữ ố ố Ch ng s s nhi u và đ i t ớ ạ ừ Đ i t Cách thêm “s” và “es” cho đ ng t Thêm “es” sau các đ ng t Các tr Cách dùng: ễ ả ộ Di n t Ex : Mary often gets up early in the morning. ng d y s m vào bu i sáng) (Mary th ể Di n t Ex: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. ặ ờ ọ ở M t tr i m c phía đông và l n ậ ệ ấ D u hi u nh n bi Always(luôn luôn), usually( th ( không bao gi ).ờ ừ ườ L u ý : các tr ng t th ng và đ ng sau đ ng t ườ ấ ng xuyên đi ng lúc 10 gi Ex: He usually goes to bed at 10 p.m. ( Anh y th ễ ọ ấ He is often late for class. ( Anh y th ng đi h c tr ) Ệ B. THÌ HI N T I TI P DI N ( PRESENT CONTINUOUS) : Công th c :ứ ị ẳ Câu kh ng đ nh : S + am/ is/ are + Ving… Câu ph đ nh : S + am/ is/ are + not + Ving… Câu nghi v n :ấ Am/ Is/ Are + S + Ving…? ạ ừ * Ch ng s ít và đ i t ề Ch ng s nhi u và đ i t Đ i t “I” thì đi v i “am”. Các thêm ing: ừ ậ ư N u nh đông t Ex: Ride –> Riding N u đ ng t Ex: run –> running Các tr Cách dùng : ề Nói v hành đ ng đang di n ra có th là ngay kho nh kh c nói ho c trong m t kho ng th i gian nào đó : Ex: I am doing my homework. ( Tôi đang làm bài t p v nhà) ọ ạ ọ My son is studying at university ( Con trai tôi đang h c đ i h c) ượ ế ươ Nói v m t hành đ ng trong t c lên k ho ch : ẽ ổ ứ Ex: I am having a party this Saturday. ( Tôi s t ế D u hi u nh n bi ờ Now( ngay bây gi ), at the moment(ngay lúc này), at the present(ngay bây gi ), today( ngày hôm nay). Ệ C. THI HI N T I HOÀN THÀNH ( PRESENT PERFECT TENSE) : Công th c:ứ ị ẳ Câu kh ng đ nh : S + have/ has + V3/Ved… Câu ph đ nh : S + have/ has not + V3/Ved… Câu nghi v n :ấ Have/ has + S + V3/Ved…? * Ch ng s ít và đ i t Ch ng s s nhi u và đ i t Cách dùng : ả ề ộ Nói v m t hành đ ng x y ra trong quá kh không xác đ nh rõ th i đi m : Ex: Have you had breakfast? (Em ăn sáng ch a?)ư ạ ư ạ – No, I haven’t. ( d ch a ) ắ ầ ở ộ Nói v hành đ ng b t đ u Ex: I have leant English for 5 years. ( Tôi h c ti ng Anh đ ườ Nói vè m t kinh nghi m cho t Ex:This is the biggest surprise that I’ve ever had. D. THÌ QUÁ KH Đ N (SIMPLE PAST TENSE) : Công th c :ứ ẳ Câu kh ng đ nh : S + V2 / Ved … ủ ị Câu ph đ nh : S + didn’t + Vinf… Câu nghi v n :ấ Did + S + Vinf …..? Cách thêm ed : ừ ộ ộ Các đ ng t Ex: fit –> fitted ấ ừ ộ có 2 m ti Các đ ng t ụ ả ấ ph i g p đôi ph âm tr Ex: per’mit –> permitted ằ ừ ậ ộ Các đ ng t Ex: Study –> Studied Cách dùng: ễ ả Di n t Ex: I bought a bunch of flowers yesterday. ( Tôi đã mua m t bó bông ngày hôm qua) D u hi u nh n bi ứ Yesterday (ngày hôm qua), … ago (cách đây …), last (night, week, month, year..) ho c in + năm trong quá kh . E. THÌ QUÁ KH TI P DI N ( PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE ): Công th c:ứ ẳ Câu kh ng đ nh : S + were / was + Ving ……. Câu ph đ nh : S + were / was + not + Ving …… Câu nghi v n :ấ Were / Was + S + Ving ……? * Ch ng s ít và đ i t Ch ng s s nhi u và đ i t Cách dùng : ề ộ Nói v m t hành đ ng x y ra t Ex: She was cooking dinner at 7 0’clock last night. (Cô y đang n u ăn vào 7 gi D u hi u nh n bi At that moment ( vào lúc đó), at that time ( vào lúc đó), at this time yesterday/ last night ( vào lúc này hôm qua/ t ( vào … gi whole of….(toàn b ) + th i gian F. THÌ QUÁ KH HOÀN THÀNH (PAST PERFECT TENSE) : Công th c :ứ ẳ Câu kh ng đ nh : S + had + V3 / Ved … Câu ph đ nh : S + had + not + V3 / Ved … Câu nghi v n:ấ Had + S + V3 / Ved …. ? Cách dùng : ướ Đ nói v m t hành đ ng di n ra tr Before/ By the time my mother came back, I had cleaned up the broken vase. (Tr ấ D u hi u nh n bi Before / by the time ( tr ƯƠ G. THÌ T Công th c :ứ ẳ Câu kh ng đ nh : S + will + Vinf… ủ ị Câu ph đ nh : S + will + NOT + Vinf… Câu nghi v n :ấ Will + S + Vinf…? Cách dùng : ề ộ Nói v m t hành đ ng s x y ra Ex: I will become a doctor when I grow up. (Tôi s tr thành bác sĩ khi tôi tr Nói v m t hành đ ng đ c quy t đ nh lúc nói : Ex: – Tomorrow is her birthday, do you have any idea for the present? ( Mai là sinh nh t cô y r i, b n có ý t ấ – I will buy her a birthday cake. ( Tôi s mua cho cô y m t cái bánh kem) D u hi u nh n bi Tomorrow (ngày mai), next (week, month, year..), someday / one day (m t ngày nào đó), in the future, soon (ch ng bao lâu n a), tonight ( t nay(, in a few day’s time (trong vài ngày). H. THÌ T Công th c :ứ ẳ Câu kh ng đ nh: S + am/is/are going to + Vinf…. Câu ph đ nh: S + am/is/are not going to + Vinf…. Câu nghi v n:ấ Am/Is/Are + S + going to + Vinf….? Cách dùng: ươ ộ ề Nói v hành đ ng x y ra trong t Ex: I am going to do some shopping. Do you want to come with me? ( Tôi đ nh đi mua s m đây, b n mu n đi cùng không?) ệ Nói v kh năng x y ra vi c gì đó d a trên c s s n có hi n t Ex: Look at the dark clouds! It’s going to rain. ( Nhìn đám mây đen kìa!Tr i s p m a r i) ƯƠ I. THÌ T Công th c :ứ ẳ Câu kh ng đ nh: S + will be + Ving… Câu ph đ nh : S + will not be + Ving… Câu nghi v n:ấ Will + S be + Ving…? Cách dùng : ở ươ ề ộ Nói v m t hành đ ng đang di n ra t Ex: By this time next month, my father will be visiting the White House. (Vào gi J. THÌ T Công th c:ứ ị ẳ Câu kh ng đ nh : S + will have + V3/Ved…. Câu ph đ nh : S + will have not + V3/Ved.... Câu nghi v n:ấ Will + S have + V3/Ved…? Cách dùng: ề ộ Nói v m t hành đ ng di n ra tr c m t hành đ ng khác/ th i đi m trong t Ex: By the end of this year, I will have worked for our company for 10 years. ệ (H t năm nay là tôi đã làm vi c cho công ty đ ừ ứ 2. Các hình th c so sánh tính t A. SO SÁNH B NG : Công th c :ứ Tính t S1 + be/ linking Verbs + as ADJ as + S2 …. * Linking verbs : feel, smell, taste, look, sound, get, become, turn. Ex: Julia is as tall as Hoja. ( Julia cao b ng Hoja) This song sounds as good as that song. ( Bài này nghe hay nh bài kia) ạ Tr ng t S1 + V + as ADV as + S2 ….. Ex: I can swim as fast as the teacher. ( Mình có th b i nhanh b ng th y đó) * Hình th c ph đ nh c a so sánh b ng có công th c nh sau : S1 + be/ V + not so ADJ/ADV as S2 ….. Trong d ng ph đ nh chúng ta ph i dùng “so”, v n có th dùng “as” nh ng n u đó là trong văn nói giao ti p không trang tr ng. Ex: He doesn’t play soccer so well as his brothers. ( C u y không ch i đá banh gi B. SO SÁNH H N :Ơ Công th c :ứ ừ Tính t S1 + be/V + ADJ/ADV + er than + S2 … * Tính t Ex : He is/runs faster than me/I. ( Anh y ch y nhanh h n tôi) I study harder than her/she. ( Tôi h c chăm ch h n cô y) My ruler is longer than yours. ( Th Tính t dài : S1 + be/V + more ADJ/ADV + than + S2 … * Tính t đ Ex: My car is more expensive than your car. ( Xe c a tôi m c h n xe c a anh) He drives more careful than I/me. (C u ta lái xe c n th n h n mình) C. SO SÁNH NH T :Ấ Công th c :ứ ừ Tính t S1 + be/V + ADJ/ADV + est … ừ ượ ọ ạ * Tính t và tr ng t Ex: I am the tallest student in my class. ( Em là ng ừ Tính t S1 + be/V + the most ADJ/ADV … * Tính t Ex: Susan is the most intelligent daughter of Mr Han. ( Susan là cô con gái thông minh nh t c a ông Han) ơ Among my best friends, Nathan plays the violin the best. ( Trong m y ng 3. The passive voice ắ Công th c c b n b t bu c c a th b đ ng : S1 + BE + V3/VED + (BY STH/SB)…. ể ừ Các b Xác đ nh S, V, O trong câu ch đ ng ủ Xác đ nh thì c a câu. ủ ữ Đem O làm ch ng còn S đ o ra sau by. Chuy n V chính thành V3Ved sau BE Ex: My father(S) hunted(V) a deer(O). —> A deer(O) was hunted(V) by my father(S) I(S) am feeding(V) a rabbit(O). —> A rabbit(O) is being fed(V) by me(S). ệ 4. Câu đi u ki n Ề Ự Ệ Ề A. ĐI U KI N LO I 1 ( NÓI V S VI C CÓ TH X Y RA TRONG T Công th c :ứ If + S + V(present), S + will + Vinf …. *Ch ng S trong câu đi u ki n trên có th gi ng nhau ho c khác nhau. Ex: If I have free time, I will go out with you. ẽ (N u anh rãnh, anh s đi ch i v i em) If he says “I love you”, she will feel extremely happy.

ON THI TS 10 - VTTN

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ạ ế ấ ự ấ ẽ ả Ệ Ạ Ạ Ề Ự Ệ Ậ Ở Ệ HI N T I) ủ ữ ồ ộ ẩ ạ ế ử hình tên t i ph m đó r i) ờ ậ ế Ệ ở nhà bây gi Ạ ố ề ớ ấ ậ ậ ứ ẽ ả ờ ẹ gi h n hò v i tôi n u tôi h a s làm h t bài t p giùm anh y) ặ ệ ể ố ủ ữ Ổ Ừ ế Ư ấ ẽ Ộ ỏ ấ ế ố ử ệ ớ i r i) ấ v i cô y thì cô y đã không b tôi l ị ấ ể ế ế ứ ạ ạ ế ề ệ ể ậ ở ế ợ ể ử ụ ả quá kh và k t qu hi n t ậ ở ệ ạ i ỗ ờ ọ ư ứ ị ng thu t (Reported Speech) ườ ộ ng dùng trong câu t ậ said, told, thought, announced. ề ườ ườ ậ ầ ư ng thu t : ng thu t c n l u ý 3 đi u sau: ế ế ắ ầ t báo báo cách đây 2 ti ng) ớ ớ ấ ệ ệ ả ể ế ụ ủ ữ ừ i thi u s n ph m m i) trong câu. Ộ Ư nguyên trong câu. ẽ ượ ổ c đ i thành ch ng trong câu. ẽ ượ ổ c đ i thành túc t ữ ẽ ượ c gi ả ề ề ứ ỉ ầ ề ộ ệ ạ i chuy n v quá kh ( work–>worked, am/is/are working—>was/were working, has/have worked— ề ể ứ ư ữ nguyên; các modal verb( can—>could, will—>would, shall—>should, may—>might, ấ ố ơ ch th i gian và n i ch n : ấ ự ư ọ ấ ự ế ụ ở ấ ể ỉ ệ đây) ỉ ệ ở đây.) ấ ố ậ ạ ằ ế ượ ậ c nh n.) ề Ệ ệ Ệ ế ế ế ể ướ ể ỗ ừ ứ ẽ ở c và không th thi u vì n u thi u thì câu s tr nên không rõ nghĩa. ấ ử ớ ử ồ ẽ ế ườ i đàn ông đó là ai. Ệ ớ ẫ ề ệ ườ ướ ượ ế Ị ừ ứ ế ụ Ề ổ c ngăn cách v i ng đ đ ng tr c nên dù không có nó, câu văn v n rõ nghĩa. M nh đ này th ố ạ ể i đ mua gì đó u ng.) ằ ệ ể ề ệ ề ệ ượ ệ ề ệ ở ướ ố ắ c) ộ ấ ấ ế ố ớ ỉ ượ c dùng “which”. ế ườ ồ ẩ ữ ng ố ệ ượ ng ớ ấ ợ ư ộ ố ườ iườ ặ ậ v t ho c hi n t ế ả ng h p nêu trên thì không. ơ ặ ệ ụ ể ể i khi …” ớ ” mãi cho t ế t dành cho ti ng Anh l p 10, cùng xem qua ví d đ hi u h n nhé. ạ ề trên đ u có nghĩa là “m c dù”, tuy nhiên l i có cách dùng khác nhau chia theo 2 nhóm : ấ ớ ề ớ i nhà) thì anh y m i v t ộ ệ ặ ậ : at, in, on, up, from, about, of, off, with, without, for, upon, …+ Ving ớ ọ ả ặ ư ể ố ừ : Verb + Ving ừ ặ ộ ừ ừ ho c đ ng t thêm ing. danh t ố ượ ắ ấ ặ ấ c) ệ ớ ừ ộ ộ : stop,remember,involve,imagine,risk,discover,dislike,mind,waste,spend,catch, find, leave,…+ O + Ving ặ ể ế ư ệ ể ổ ườ ợ ng h p sau: ỉ ụ ế ễ ả ụ ể ễ ả ụ ượ ẽ m c đích m c đích chúng ta s dùng TO, SO THAT, IN ORDER THAT, SO AS TO và IN ORDER TO, và đ c chia thành 2 nhóm sau : ủ ừ ộ ề ệ m t m nh đ . trên là ủ ề ỉ ể ữ ủ ệ ể ẹ ệ ể ấ ấ ừ ừ ộ đ ng t trên là ượ ị ườ ư ờ i khuyên cho ai đó và “should” th c d ch là “nên”. ng đ ấ S + should (not) + Vinf …. ộ ố ộ ề ắ ừ ộ Ệ Ứ ể ễ ả ả ự ậ ườ ườ ệ ạ ộ Ừ ộ c m giác, suy nghĩ do m t vi c, s v t hay m t ng i nào đó đem l i cho ng i nói. ườ ố ừ ộ ẫ nguyên m u không TO) ấ Ứ ễ ả ề ộ ự ậ ườ ườ ứ ủ ệ ậ ả ộ Ứ nh n th c, c m giác, suy nghĩ c a ng i nói v m t vi c, s v t hay m t ng i nào đó.

Ừ

ừ ỉ ch giác quan: Feel, Hear, Notice, See, Watch, … + O + V(inf)Ex:+ She feels the rain fall on her face.

ể ọ ồ ấ ậ ể ạ ế ọ ỗ t m i ngày) Ể ể Ộ Ừ Ừ Ộ

ố pretend threaten care grow (up) profess turn out chance guarantee promise venture choose hesitate prove volunteer claim hope refuse wait come hurry remain want consent incline request wish dare learn resolve would like decide manage Ex: I wish to go home right now. ờ ( Tôi mu n v nhà ngay bây gi ) He will agree to pretend to date with me if I promise to do all the home work for him. ế (Anh y s châp nh n gi C. CÁC Đ NG T THEO SAU LÀ GERUND VÀ INFINITY NH NG ÍT THAY Đ I NGHĨA : begin can’t bear can’t stand continue hate like love prefer propose start Ex I started writing / to write the report 2 hours ago. ( Tôi b t đ u vi Let him be, you can continue introducing / to introduce new products. ẩ (K anh y đi, cô có th ti p t c gi Ừ D. CÁC Đ NG T THEO SAU LÀ GERUND VÀ INFINITY NH NG CÓ NGHĨA KHÁC NHAU : FORGET I forgot to pick him up. ấ ồ (Tôi quên đón anh y r i.) I forgot picking him up. ệ (Tôi quên vi c đã đón anh y) GO ON He went on to work on this medical project. ọ ồ ế ụ (Anh y ng ng r i ti p t c làm d án y h c này.) He went on work on this medical project. (Anh y ti p t c làm d án y h c này) QUIT She quit to work here. ỗ (Cô y ngh vi c ch khác đ làm She quit working here. ấ (Cô y ngh vi c REGRET I regret not seeing her off. ễ (Tôi h i h n đã không ti n cô y.) I regret to tell you that we can’t hire you. ả ấ (Tôi l y làm ti c ph i nói r ng b n không đ REMEMBER She remembered to lock the door. (Cô y quên khóa c a.) She remembered locking the door. ấ (Cô y nh là đã khóa c a r i.) STOP I stopped to buy something to drink. ừ (tôi d ng l I stopped driving. ừ (Tôi đã d ng lái xe) TRY I tried to open the tape. (Tôi c g ng m van n I tried putting some sugar in the hotspot. ử ỏ (Tôi th b mi ng đ ng vào n i l u) ể 11. Các đi m ng pháp khác ờ It was not until + (m c th i gian) + that S + V2/ed ….. ữ C u trúc ng pháp trên có nghĩa là ộ ấ Đây là m t c u trúc đ c bi Ex: It was not until midnight/ 12 o’clock that he arrived home. ờ ế ữ (Mãi cho đ n n a đêm / 12 gi 1. GERUND – làm ch ngủ ữ Ex: smoking is harmful ớ ừ – Sau gi i t Ex: she is good at singing ộ ố ộ sau m t s đ ng t admit advise anticipate appreciate avoid complete consider delay,deny detest, discuss dislike enjoy , escape, excuse, fancy, finish forget can’t help hope , imagine, involve, keep, mention mind miss postpone practice quit recall recollect recommend regret remember resent resist risk , save, stop suggest tolerate understand can’t bear can’t stand can’t face feel like ( sau m t só đ ng t EX: I caught him climbing the fence. 2. THE INFINITIVE WITH TO : ( TO V ) Ta dùng Toinfinitive trong các tr ả Ch m c đích k t qu . Ex: I went to the post office to buy some stamps ữ ữ Làm ch ng và tân ng . Ex: To get up early is not easy for me sau BE + V3 + TO V Sau Adj + TO V Ex: It’s harmful to smoke cigarettes. Sau các Question words: What, How, Where, Who, When, … Ex: I don’t know how to speak English fluently. Sau FOR + O + To V , OF + O + To V Ex: It is very kind of you to help me. ừ Sau m t s đ ng t :( Verb + To V) afford, agree, appear, attempt, arrange, ask, bear, begin, beg, care, cease, choose, continue, claim, consent, decide ,demand, deserve, determine, desire, expect, fail, fear, hate, forget, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, long, love, manage , mean, need, neglect, offer, omit, plan, prepare, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, propose, refuse, regret, remember, seem, start, struggle, swear, threaten, volunteer, wait, want, wish, cease, come, strive, tend, use, ought Sau VERB + O + TO V advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, challenge, convince, dare, encourage, expect, force, hire, instruct, invite, need, order, permit, persuade, remind, require, teach, tell, urge, want, warn, wish, help, refuse EX: I allow you to go out 3. THE INFINITIVE WITHOUT TO (đ ng t After: auxiliaries/ modal verb: Can, Could, May, Might, Must, Mustn’t, Needn’t, Shall, Should, Will, Would,… + V(inf) Ex: He can run very fast. Sau : DO, DOES , DID Ex: I don’t know. after the following expressions: Had Better, Would Rather, Would Sooner, Why Not, Why Should We, Why Should We Not + V(inf) Ex: + You had better clean up your room. ộ Sau các đ ng t Sau LET + O + V(inf) Ex: + Sandy let her child go out alone. + Mother let her daughter decide on her own. After MAKE + O + V(inf) Ex: She made Peggy and Samantha clean the room. Let + O +V Busy/worth +V_ing Advise s.o + to_v/ not to_v Need + to_v/ v_ing Songs + be + v_ed/ v_3 Adj + to_v Have s.o + v Too + adj +to_v Instructing + O + IN the use of Be/get/become used + TO +V_ing/ something Stop + v_ing Hate + V_ing Excited + To_V Promise + To_V Adv + To_V Adj + To_V Busy + V_ing Be + too + busy To_V As + Adj +as (not) so + adj/adv + as : b ngằ S + wish + S 2 + were /V_ed\V 2 Used to + V ………: đã t ngừ Be/get used to Be + adv + V_ed ơ ộ Have |a chance +To_V : có c h i | the _ | an opportunity Continue + V_ing S + started + to_V + …………. + s + năm +ago Began + v_ing ( N u anh nói anh yêu em, cô y s c m th y c c kì h nh phúc) Ề B. ĐI U KI N LO I 2 ( NÓI V S VI C KHÔNG CÓ TH T Công th c :ứ If + S + V2/Ved/be(were), S + would + Vinf …. ặ ể ố ệ ề *Ch ng S trong câu đi u ki n trên có th gi ng nhau ho c khác nhau. Ex: If I were the judge, I would sentence that criminal to death ế (N u tôi là th m phán, tôi đã k t án t If I stayed at home now, my mom would force me to do the homework. ẽ ắ ẹ , m tôi s b t tôi làm bài t p) (N u tôi mà đang Ứ Ậ Ề Ự Ệ Ề C. ĐI U KI N LO I 3 (NÓI V S VI C KHÔNG CÓ TH T TRONG QUÁ KH ) Công th c :ứ If + S + had V3/Ved, S + would have + V3/Ved…. ề *Ch ng S trong câu đi u ki n trên có th gi ng nhau ho c khác nhau. Ex: If I hadn’t treated her too badly, She wouldn’t have left me behind. ạ ồ (N u tôi đã không đ i x t If he had come in time for help, she wouldn’t have died. ế ồ ( N u ông y đ n k p đ giúp thì bà đã không ch t r i). ề # Ngoài ra chúng ta còn có th s d ng k t h p câu đi u ki n lo i 2 và lo i 3 đ nói v nguyên nhân không có th t không có th t Ex: If I had studied last night, I wouldn’t have get a big zero now. ế (N u tôi ch u h c bài thì tôi đã không ăn tr ng ng ng nh bây gi ). ậ 5. Câu t ừ ườ ữ th Nh ng đ ng t ế ự ổ Khi đ câu tr c ti p sang câu t Ngôi: ứ Ngôi th 1 s đ ứ Ngôi th 2 s đ ứ Ngôi th 3 s đ Thì: ơ Đ n gi n ch c n lùi v m t thì : hi n t ứ >had worked, has/have been working—>had been working); quá kh chu n v quá kh hoàn thành (worked—>had worked, was/were working—>had been working); quá kh hoàn thành gi must—>had to). ừ ủ ờ ạ Tr ng t today———–> that day tonight———> that night next week ——> the week after tomorrow ——> the day after now————> then ago————> before this————> that these———–> those yesterday ——> the day before last week ——> the week before here ———–> there Ex: He said to me ” I split up with my girlfriend yesterday” —> He told me that he had split up with his girlfriend the day before. ệ 6. M nh đ quan h (Relative clause) Ị Ề A. M NH Đ QUAN H XÁC Đ NH: Dùng đ b nghĩa cho danh t đ ng tr Ex: I’ve just met a man. He cheated John last week. —> I’ve just met the man who/that cheated John last week. *N u thi u c m trên chúng ta s không bi t ng Ệ B. M NH Đ QUAN H KHÔNG XÁC Đ NH: ụ Dùng đ n b nghĩa ph thêm cho danh t ấ m nh đ chính b ng d u “,”. Ex: Tony Stark, who is the Iron man, is the greatest inventor in Marvel. ị c dùng “that”. * Trong m nh đ quan h không xác đ nh, chúng ta không đ ề ệ ả ộ ể ổ # Ngoài ra m nh đ quan h còn có th b nghĩa cho c m t m nh đ khác. Ex: His mother was dead, which was a blow to him. ẹ ệ ( Vi c m anh y ch t là m t cú s c v i anh y). ợ ườ ng h p này, chúng ta ch đ * Trong tr ệ ề ệ # Trong m nh đ quan h : Who thay th choế Which thay th choế ể That có th thay th c “Who” và “That” nh ng trong m t s tr ử ụ 6. Cách s d ng Though, Although, Even though, Despite và In spite of ặ ừ ấ ả T t c 5 t A. THOUGH, ALTHOUGH, EVEN THOUGH : ề Theo sau THOUGH, ALTHOUGH và EVEN THOUGH là m t m nh đ . Ex: Though/ although/ even though I studied over night, I couldn’t pass the exam. ẫ ( M c dù tôi đã h c c đêm nh ng tôi v n không đ u) ề ệ * Nên nh không đ t “but” đ n i 2 m nh đ . B. DESPITE VÀ IN SPITE OF : Khác sau 3 t trên, theo sau DESPITE VÀ IN SPITE OF là Ex : Despite/ In spite of her efforts, she can’t quit smoking. ỏ ẫ ư ( M c dù cô y có công g ng nh ng cô y v n không b thu c đ ể ố ề * Nên nh không đ t “but” đ n i 2 m nh đ . ề ằ ộ # Chúng ta có th bi n đ i m t tí đ sau DESPITE và IN SPITE OF là m nh đ b ng cách nh sau : Despite/ In spite of the fact that she has made a lot of efforts, she can’t quit smoking. 7. Di n t Đ di n t A. SO THAT VÀ IN ORDER THAT : Theo sau 2 t Ex: She has been working hard so that/ in order that she can save enough money to cure her mother’s rare disease. ạ ( Cô y làm vi c chăm ch đ cô y có th dành d m đ ti n ch a căn b nh hi m nghèo c a m mình) B. TO , SO AS TO VÀ IN ORDER TO : ẫ nguyên m u (Vinf). Theo sau 3 t Ex I want to take the IELTS test to/ in order to/ so as to know how well my English is. 8. Cách dùng should Chúng ta dùng “should” khi ta mu nố đ a ra l C u trúc : Ex: You should go on diet now. ( Em nên ăn kiêng đi) You shouldn’t take a shower right after eating too much. ạ ( B n không nên t m ngay sau khi ăn quá nhi u) thái đ (Adjectives of attitude) 9. Tính t Ạ A. HÌNH TH C HI N T I PHÂN T (ING): Đ di n t Ex : The book is thrilling. ể i nói th y quy n sách cu n hút) ( Ng Ừ B. HÌNH TH C QUÁ KH PHÂN T (ED) : Di n t Ex: I am keen on this movie. ộ (Tôi thích b phim này) 10. Gerund and Infinity Ộ A. CÁC Đ NG T THEO SAU LÀ GERUND (VING) : Discontinue finish recommend acknowledge forgive report admit dislike give up (stop) resent advise dispute keep (continue) resist allow dread keep on resume anticipate permit mention risk appreciate picture mind object to shirk avoid endure miss shun be worth enjoy necessitate suggest can’t help escape omit support celebrate postpone tolerate confess explain practice understand consider fancy prevent defend fear warrant delay f feel like recall detest feign recollect Ex: I have finished reading the book. ( Tôi đã đ c xong quy n sách r i) In order to get high scores in the IELTS exam, he practises listening, speaking , reading and writing skills everyday. (đ đ t đi m cao trong kì thi IELTS, anh y t p kĩ năng nghe, nói ,đ c, vi B. CÁC Đ NG T THEO SAU LÀ INFINITY (Đ NG T NGUYÊN TH ): agree demand mean seek appear deserve need seem arrange determine neglect ask elect offer strive attempt endeavor pay struggle beg expect plan swear can/can’t afford fail prepare tend can/can’t wait get

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làmự S + have/has + V 3/V_ed + …………. + for + s + năm ờ S + V_ed/V 2 + ……….(th i gian) ago It’s + (tg) ……. Since + S + V_ed/V 2  It has been + (tg) since + S + V_ed/V 2 Will/should/can/must + V : must = have to It’s + time + since + S + (last) + V_ed/V 2 S + spend/spent/spends + time + V_ing  It + take/took + O +time +To_V S + haven’t/hasn’t + V_ed/V 3 + ……… For time  The last time S + V_ed/V 2 + was …….. time ago Do /wuold + you mind + V_ing :nhờ Do /wuold + you mind if I + V_ed/V 2….. : t Promises + O + will + V It’s + adj + to_o It’s time + S +V_ed/V 2

ỏ đ t câu h i là : To_V

It’s time +To_V Hope + will + V ứ ặ Sau t Go on +V_ing Go on +Adv Make an impression ON somebody Wish to do something = want to do something Wish somebody something Wish somebody +V_ed/V 2 Wish somebody would/would not + V S + promise + S+will/won’t + V S + promise + To_V/ not to _V S + promise + S + would +V + s + would + be + v_ed/V 3 Separate something FROM something Infected +WITH Put on ớ Trái v i take off Because + OF Keen + ON Pray To god/ Saints Pray FOR somebody/ something Correspond WITH somebody Divide something INTO parts Be named AFTER somebody ON the occiasion OF something Be equal TO somebody Consist OF something Take inspiration FROM something Be fond OF something Take pride IN Wear OUT Be selfconfident OF something AT the entrance To something Exchange something FOR something *Reported speech S 1 +said (that) + S +v_ed/V 2 S + asked + O +Question word + S + V_ed/V 2 S + O + IF/weather + S +V_ed/V 2 S + asked/reminded/told + O + To_V/ Not to_V