Better Breeding of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) for Small-scale Fish Farmers
(CARD 002/04VI)
Report
Capacity Development Capacity Development
Christopher M Austrin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
June 2007
Acknowledgement
The project team would like to gratefully acknowledgement the funding support by
AusAID.
Many people supported this project and special appreciation is extended to Dr
Nguyen Xuan Ly, Head of Technology and Science department, Ministry of
Fisheries and Dr Le Thanh Luu, Director, RIA1 for their encouragement, provision
of facilities and support in conducting this project.
Deakin University and Charles Darwin University are acknowledged for their
provision of facilities and in kind support for project activities.
The success of the training programs would not be possible without the hard work
and dedication of a number of people. Thus we would also like to extend our
gratitude to Dr Matthew Baranski (formerly with Deakin University now with
Akvaforsk, Mr Mark Schultz (Charles Darwin University), Mr Nguyen Huu Ninh,
Mr Nguyen Xuan Chuc, Mr Ngo Si Van, Mr Le Quang Hung, Ms Nguyen Thi Tan,
Nguyen Thi Ninh, Mr Tran Vu Hung, Mr Le Anh Thuy, Mr Nguyen Thanh Hai
(RIA1) and Mr Nguyen Van Gioi and his staff (Thai Nguyen Aquaculture Center,
Thai Nguyen) for their assistance in relation to the organising of the Thai Nguyen
workshop.
The project team would also like to extend its appreciation to all farmers, hatchery
managers, and community representatives for their cooperation and participation in
the training activities supported by this project.
Lastly we would like to thank Ms Nguyen Thi Khoa and staff of CARD project
office in Hanoi for their ongoing assistance and advice.
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
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Contents
List of Figures............................................................................................................3 List of Tables .............................................................................................................4 1. Intensive training in molecular genetics for aquaculture in Australia ............5 1.1 Aims of training ..............................................................................................5 1.2 Outcomes .........................................................................................................5 1.3 Benefits of training courses............................................................................6 1.4 Young research training course reports .......................................................7 1.4.1 Training course report of Hung and Tan ...................................................7 1.4.2 Training course report of Mr. Khuong.....................................................10 1.4.3 Training course report of Mr. Bon...........................................................13 2. Workshop for young researchers on fish genetics and selective breeding in
Vietnam........................................................................................................16 2.1 Aims of training ............................................................................................17 2.2 Outcomes .......................................................................................................17 2.3 Benefits of training course ...........................................................................20 3. Workshops for farmers and hatchery managers on common carp breeding
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
and broodstock management.....................................................................26 3.1 Aims of training ............................................................................................26 3.2 Outcomes .......................................................................................................27 3.3 Benefits of training........................................................................................28 3.4 Suggestions from fish farmers and hatchery managers ............................28 Appendices...............................................................................................................35
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
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List of Figures
Figure 1.1. Young researchers received training at Charles Darwin University in
2006. From left to right, Mr Dinh Van Khuong and Mr Le Quy Bon............5
Figure 1.2. Young researchers received training at Deakin University in 2005. Mr
Le Quang Hung at Deakin University’s Murry Cod hatchery........................5
Figure 2.1. Participants in the workshop for young researchers...............................16
Figure 2.2. Young researchers practicing molecular genetic techniques .................19
Figure 2.3. Teaching fish morphology and methods of computerised data collection
......................................................................................................................20
Figure 2.4. The four manuals were provided to young researchers participating in
workshop.......................................................................................................21
Figure 2.5. Young researchers visited Biotechnology Center in Hanoi ...................21
Figure 3.1. Training in common carp breeding and broodstock management for
farmers and hatchery managers held in RIA1 in Bac Ninh and National
Broodstrock Center in Hai Duong in 2005. ..................................................26
Figure 3.2. Training in common carp breeding and broodstock management for
farmers was held in Thai Nguyen Aquaculture Center, in Thai Nguyen city
in 2006. .........................................................................................................26
Figure 3.3. Hatchery manager and farmer are shown common carp breeding
techniques in National Broodstock Center in Hai Duong city......................28
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
Figure 3.4. Manual provided for farmer and hatchery manager workshops.............29
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
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List of Tables
Table 2.1. List of paticipants in workshop................................................................22
Table 2.2. Workshop programs.................................................................................23
Table 3.1. List of participants attended training .......................................................30
Table 3.2. Workshop program 2005 .........................................................................31
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
Table 3.3. Workshop programs 2006........................................................................33
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
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1. Intensive training in molecular genetics for aquaculture in
Australia
1.1 Aims of training To increase capacity of young Vietnamese researchers to contribute to research and
development in the field of genetics of brood-stock management, molecular genetics
and analysis of genetic data using various software programs.
1.2 Outcomes Two comprehensive molecular genetic training courses were carried out at Deakin
University in 2005 and in Charles Darwin University in 2006. Four young
Vietnamese researchers received this training: Ms. Nguyen Thi Tan, Mr. Le Quang
Hung from Research Institute For Aquaculture No 1 (RIA1), Bac Ninh, and Mr Le
Quy Bon from Research Institute For Aquaculture No 3 (RIA3), Nha Trang, Khanh
Figure 1.1. Young researchers received training at Charles Darwin University in 2006. From left to right, Mr Dinh Van Khuong and Mr Le Quy Bon.
Figure 1.2. Young researchers received training at Deakin University in 2005. Mr Le Quang Hung at Deakin University’s Murry Cod hatchery.
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
Hoa and Mr Dinh Van Khuong from Nha Trang University, Khanh Hoa.
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
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The young researchers have been trained in advanced genetic techniques and
statistical procedures. They practiced in the laboratory common genetic techniques
used in aquaculture genetic including genotyping microsatellite, sequencing and
single strain confirmation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. In addition, the
researchers were trained in the use of number of genetic statistical softwares
including CLUSTAL X, DNASP 4.0, PAUP* 4.0b.10, TFPGA, GENPOP, BioEdit
(for more detail see 1.4).
During the training in Warrnambool, the young researchers also visited the
Warrnambool Trout farm and the Murry Cod hatchery production facility, Victoria
and in Darwin they visited the Darwin Aquaculture Center to learn the techniques of
broodstock and hatchery management in relation to barramundis and mud crabs.
1.3 Benefits of training courses The young researchers gained from their intensive training course in Australia
significantly improved knowledge and technical skills in genetics in relation to fish
breeding and population genetic analysis. The knowledge that they gained from the
course was designed to help benefit their professional career development in
aquaculture generally and specifically in molecular genetic in relation to fish
breeding and genetic improvement. After training at Deakin University, Ms Nguyen
Thi Tan was successful in her application for a Masters scholarship for study in
aquaculture genetics in Norway. Mr Le Quang Hung has been carrying out Tilapia
population genetic analysis at RIA1 for development of tilapia suitable for saline
water culture. Mr Le Quy Bon has been involved in the genetic improvement of fish
and shellfish programs at RIA3. Lastly, Mr Dinh Van Khuong has been working at
Nha Trang University as a lecturer in genetics. All have used their increased
knowledge of fish and aquaculture genetic gain thought their training course. This
enhanced knowledge and skill has been directly relevant to Ms Tan, Mr. Bon, Mr
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
Hung and Khuong as they use genetic on a day to day basis.
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1.4 Young research training course reports
1.4.1 Training course report of Hung and Tan
Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Development
Project Name: Better Breeds of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) for Small- scale Fish Farmers (CARD 002/04VI)
Report on the short training course in molecular genetics for aquaculture at Deakin University in Australia from 31/10/2005 to 21/12/ 2005
Ms. Nguyen Thi Tan and Mr. Le Quang Hung Researcher Assistant Research Institute for Aquaculture No.1 Dinh Bang, Tu Son, Bac Ninh Vietnam 84-4-8780614 Fax : 84-4-8273070 E-mail:
1. VISITOR DETAILS Name: Position: Address: Telephone: genetic@fpt.vn 2. VISIT DETAILS Date of Arrival : Date of Departure: Duration of stay: Institutions to be visited:
31 October, 2005 21 December, 2005 50 days School of Ecology and Environment Deakin University P.O. Box 423 Warrnambool, Victoria, 3280 AUSTRALIA
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
3. PURPOSE OF THE VISIT To increase capacity of young researchers and technicians to contribute to research and development in the fields of genetics of broodstock management, molecular genetics and analysis of data using software programs.
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
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Time table
Period ( from …….to) Works
01/11 - 13/12/2005 Extraction of genomic DNA (1200 tissue common carp samples)
10/11 - 17/12/2005 SSCP and DNA Sequencing analyses
06/12 - 10/12/2005 Data analysis of sequence
12/12 - 17/12/2005 Microsatellites
16/12 - 20/12/2005 Analysis of data from interviews and microsatellites
4. OUTCOMES During our study period in Deakin University, we practiced in Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP), Sequencing and DNA fingerprinting (microsatellites) techniques: SSCP and microsatellites techniques including tasks:
1. DNA extraction 2. Running PCR with common carp primers ( approx 225 samples) 3. Preparation of acrylamide gel 4. Preparation, loading and running of PCR samples 5. Silver staining to visualise genotypes 6. Interpretation and scoring bands
DNA direct sequencing including tasks:
1. Isolation of DNA 2. Mix with PCR cocktail 3. Amplification 4. Visualise PCR products 5. Purification 6. Sequencing
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
Data analysis DNA sequences were analysed using CLUSTAL X, DNASP 4.0, PAUP* 4.0b.10, Modeltest software programs for alignment, calculating haplotype, nucleotide diversity, genetic distance, constructing phylogenetic trees of common carp populations. Microsatellites (DNA fingerprinting) analyses used the GENPOP software program. Genetic data analysis included: Estimation of allelic frequencies, genotypic frequencies, test for Hardy-Weinberg proportions, measures of genetic variability, levels of differentiation among populations and cluster analysis. Applications of molecular genetics are used for identifying relationships among individuals or groups, helping to understand the demography of populations. These
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
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genetic markers have been used to analyses population structure, genetic diversity and provide a scientific fundamental for a breeding program. Data collected from 133 interviews with stakeholders growing or breeding carp (including state hatcheries, private hatcheries and farmers) from 21 provinces in Vietnam were summarized and analysed using the SPSS statistical package. We gained from our intensive training course in Australia significantly improved knowledge and technical skills in genetics in relation to fish breeding and population analysis. The knowledge that we gained from the course should benefit professional career and development of aquaculture. Acknowledgements The authors are thankful to Dr. Chris Austin and Thai T.B, Deakin University, for advice and assistance in the molecular techniques. We would also like to thanks Dr. Tuan P.A, Research Institute for Aquaculture No.1 for your kindness help and supports. Thanks to AusAID for financial support. SIGNATURE OF VISITORS …………………………Ms. Nguyen Thi
Tan……………..
…………………………Mr. Le Quang
Hung..……………..
Room 207-208, Building A9, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, No. 2 Ngoc Ha Street, Ba Dinh, Hanoi Địa chỉ mới của Văn phòng Chương trình CARD: Phòng 207-208, Nhà A9, Bộ Nông nghiệp và PTNT, Số 2 Ngọc Hà, Ba Đình, Hà Nội
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
1.4.2 Training course report of Mr. Khuong
10 ________________________________________________________________
Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Development
Project Name: Better Breeds of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) for Small- scale Fish Farmers (CARD 002/04VI)
Report on the short training course in molecular genetics for aquaculture at Charles Darwin University in Australia from 01/07/2006 to 28/8/2006
Mr. Dinh Van Khuong Lecturer University of Fisheries No 2, Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street Nha Trang, Vietnam 84-58-831149 (ext. 171)
1. VISITOR DETAILS Name: Position: Address: Telephone: Fax : 84-4-831147 E-mail: khuongaquatic@yahoo.com 2. VISIT DETAILS Date of Arrival : Date of Departure: Duration of stay: Institutions to be visited:
02 July, 2006 28 August, 2006 58 days - School of Science and Primary Industry Charles Darwin University - Arafura Timor Research Facility (ATRF) P.O. Box 41775, Casuarina Darwin, NT, 0811 AUSTRALIA
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
3. PURPOSE OF THE VISIT
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To increase research capacity of young scientists to contribute to research and development in the fields of genetics of broodstock management, molecular genetics and analysis of data using software programs. Time table
Period ( from …….to) Works
01/07 - 02/07/2006 Fly from Vietnam to Darwin
03/07 - 03/07/2006
Visiting Charles Darwin University Learning laboratory safety
04/07 - 17/07/2006
Molecular genetic concept Methodologies for DNA-based techniques DNA extraction (about a hundred samples)
18/07-08/08/06
PCR Sequencing
09/08-28/08/06
SSCP techniques Phylogenetic analysis (PAUP) Genetic population analysis (TFPGA, Genpop 3.2)
4. OUTCOMES During our study period in Charles Darwin University, we practiced in Sequencing and Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP): DNA direct sequencing including tasks:
7. Isolation of DNA 8. Mix with PCR cocktail 9. Amplification 10.Visualise PCR products 11.Purification 12.Sequencing in ABI 3130 SSCP technique including tasks:
7. DNA extraction 8. Running PCR with common carp primers (approx 100 samples) 9. Preparation of acrylamide gel 10. Preparation, loading and running of PCR samples 11. Silver staining to visualise genotypes 12. Interpretation and scoring bands
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
Data analysis DNA sequences were analysed using CLUSTAL X, DNASP 4.0, PAUP* 4.0b.10, TFPGA. Modeltest software programs for alignment, calculating haplotype,
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
12 ________________________________________________________________
nucleotide diversity, genetic distance, constructing phylogenetic trees of common carp populations. Applications of molecular genetics are used for identifying relationships among individuals or groups, helping to understand the demography of populations. These genetic markers have been used to analyses population structure, genetic diversity and provide a scientific fundamental for a breeding programs. We gained from our intensive training course in Australia significantly improved knowledge and technical skills in genetics in relation to fish breeding and population analysis. The knowledge that we gained from the course should benefit professional career and development of aquaculture. Acknowledgements I am thankful to Dr. Chris Austin and Thai T.B, Charles Darwin University, for advice and assistance in the molecular techniques. We would also like to thank Dr. Tuan P.A, Research Institute for Aquaculture No.1 for your kindness help and supports. Thanks to AusAID for financial support. SIGNATURE OF VISITORS ………………………Mr. Dinh Van
Khuong…………..
Room 207-208, Building A9, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, No. 2 Ngoc Ha Street, Ba Dinh, Hanoi Địa chỉ mới của Văn phòng Chương trình CARD: Phòng 207-208, Nhà A9, Bộ Nông nghiệp và PTNT, Số 2 Ngọc Hà, Ba Đình, Hà Nội
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
1.4.3 Training course report of Mr. Bon
13 ________________________________________________________________
Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Development Project Name: Better Breeds of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) for Small-
scale Fish Farmers (CARD 002/04VI)
Report on the short training course in molecular genetics for
aquaculture at Charles Darwin University in Australia from
01/07/2006 to 28/8/2006
1. VISITOR DETAILS Name:
Mr. Le Quy Bon
Position: Researcher
Address: Research Institute for Aquaculture No.3
No 33, Dang Tat Street, Nha Trang, Vietnam
Telephone: 84-58-831137 - 831138
Fax : 84-58-831846
E-mail: le.quybon@yahoo.com
2. VISIT DETAILS Date of arrival : 02 July, 2006
Date of Departure: 28 August, 2006
Duration of stay: 58 days
Institutions to be visited: - School of Science and Primary Industry
Charles Darwin University
- Arafura Timor Research Facility (ATRF)
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
P.O. Box 41775, Casuarina
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
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Darwin, NT, 0811, AUSTRALIA
3. PURPOSE OF THE VISIT To increase research capacity of young scientists to contribute to research and
development in the fields of genetics of broodstock management, molecular
genetics and analysis of data using software programs.
Time table
Period ( from …….to) Works
01/07 - 02/07/2006 Fly from Vietnam to Darwin
03/07 - 03/07/2006
Visiting Charles Darwin University Learning laboratory safety
04/07 - 17/07/2006
Molecular genetic concept Methodologies for DNA-based techniques PCR base
18/07-08/08/06
Sequencing Single strand confirmation polymophism (SSCP) technique
09/08-28/08/06
Phylogenetic analysis (PAUP) Genetic population analysis (TFPGA, Genpop 3.2)
4. OUTCOMES During our study period in Charles Darwin University, we practiced in Sequencing and Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP): DNA direct sequencing including tasks:
13.Isolation of DNA 14.Mix with PCR cocktail 15.Amplification 16.Visualise PCR products 17.Purification 18.Sequencing in ABI 3130 SSCP technique including tasks:
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
13. DNA extraction 14. Running PCR with common carp primers (approx 100 samples) 15. Preparation of acrylamide gel 16. Preparation, loading and running of PCR samples
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
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17. Silver staining to visualise genotypes 18. Interpretation and scoring bands
Data analysis DNA sequences were analysed using CLUSTAL X, DNASP 4.0, PAUP* 4.0b.10, TFPGA. Modeltest software programs for alignment, calculating haplotype, nucleotide diversity, genetic distance, constructing phylogenetic trees of common carp populations. Applications of molecular genetics are used for identifying relationships among individuals or groups, helping to understand the demography of populations. These genetic markers have been used to analyses population structure, genetic diversity and provide a scientific fundamental for fish breeding programs. I gained from my intensive training course in Australia significantly improved knowledge and technical skills in genetics in relation to fish breeding and population analysis. The knowledge that we gained from the course should benefit professional career and development of aquaculture. Acknowledgements I am thankful to Prof. Chris Austin and Thai T.B, Charles Darwin University, for advice and assistance in the molecular techniques. I would also like to thank Dr. Tuan P.A, Research Institute for Aquaculture No.1 for your kindness help and supports. Thanks to AusAID for financial support. SIGNATURE OF VISITORS …………………………Mr. Le Quy Bon…………..
Room 207-208, Building A9, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, No. 2 Ngoc Ha Street, Ba Dinh, Hanoi Địa chỉ mới của Văn phòng Chương trình CARD: Phòng 207-208, Nhà A9, Bộ Nông nghiệp và PTNT, Số 2 Ngọc Hà, Ba Đình, Hà Nội
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
16 ________________________________________________________________
2. Workshop for young researchers on fish genetics and
selective breeding in Vietnam
To improve skills and knowledge of young researchers in genetic principles and
techniques applied in aquaculture, a workshop in fish genetics and selective
breeding was organised at the Research Institute for Aquaculture No 1 (RIA1), Dinh
Figure 2.1. Participants in the workshop for young researchers
Bang, Tu Son, Bac Ninh and in National Broodstook Center in Hai Duong city, Hai Duong from 4th to 9th of May in 2005.
This workshop was an important component of a research and development
program to help develop and deliver better breeds of common carp to small scale
fish farmers in Vietnam sustainably into the future. The successful implementation
of this workshop program was the result of a long and productive collaboration
between researcher and teachers from the Research Institute for Aquaculture No. 1
and Deakin University, Australia. Financial support for this program was provided
by the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) together with
in-kind support from Research Institute for Aquaculture No. 1 and Deakin
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
University.
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2.1 Aims of training This workshop was designed to provide high level technical and research training in
several fields relating to the development of better breeds of fish.
Specifically this workshop aimed to achieve the following:
Introduce the AusAID program “Better Breeds of Common Carp for •
Small Scale Fish Farmers”
• Provide a background in genetic concepts and demonstrate techniques
used in fish breeding, fish genetics and genetic improvement
These aims were achieved through a series of lectures, practical sessions and
discussions as outlined in the scheduled (Table 2.1).
2.2 Outcomes On behalf of the Research Institute for Aquaculture No. 1 (RIA1), Dr. Le Thanh
Luu, director of RIA1 opened the workshop and welcomed the participants. He gave
a presentation on aquaculture development in Vietnam and the importance of on
going contributions by young researchers to aquaculture research. He encouraged
young scientists to study new aquaculture techniques for the benefit of their own
career development and for the benefit of the country.
On behalf of the Ministry of Fisheries (MOFI), Dr. Nguyen Xuan Ly, Head of
Technology and Science Department highlighted the benefit of the biotechnological
techniques for aquaculture in Viet Nam. He recognized the significant advantages of
training in fish genetic and breeding techniques for young researchers. He also
expressed thanks to AusAID (Australian Government) for funding and RIA1 and
Deakin University for their collaborations.
A total of 24 young researchers from 7 universities (Nha Trang Fisheries University,
Can Tho University, Thai Nguyen Univeristy, Hue Univeristy, Agriculture
Univeristy, Vinh University, Nong Lam University), from 5 institutions and sub-
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
institutions (Research Institute for Aquaculture No. 1, Research Institute for
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
18 ________________________________________________________________
Aquaculture No. 2, Research Institute for Aquaculture No 3, Marine Institute Hai
Phong, Sub-institute for Aquaculture), from College of Fisheries and from National
Broodstook Center attended the workshop. Highly experience staff in molecular
genetics, selective breeding, and morphological technique from Deakin University
and the Research Institute for Aquaculture No. 1 gave lectures and supervised
practical activities as part of the workshop program (Fig 2.1 & Table 2.1).
The lectures series included presentations on the following topics:
• Genetic concepts and principles of selective breeding
• Fish genetics and broodstock management
• Applications of molecular markers and genotyping in aquaculture and
fish breeding
• PCR & Sequencing
• Microsatellite methods and QTLs
• Single Strand Confirmation Polymorphisms (SSCP)
• Common carp molecular genetic and breeding
• Common carp selective breeding programs in Vietnam
• Morphometric procedures relevant to taxonomy and fish strain
characterisation.
The young researchers also undertook practical activities in the RIA 1 laboratories
(Fig 2.2; 2.3 & Table 2.2):
• Taxonomic/morphometric practical: using Vietnamese, Indonesian and
Hungary common carp samples
• Fish tissue sampling for molecular genetic studies
Introduction to DNA procedures, including DNA extraction, PCR set •
up and running and staining an agarose gel
Introduction to the procedures used to obtained genotypic data from •
fish using the SSCP method
• Data analysis using microsatellite and SSCP data
• Genetic simulation and analysis exercises using software (TPPGA, XL
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
Gene, GenBank BLAST).
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Four manuals were provided for this workshop to support the lectures and practical
sessions and to act as reference material. These manuals contain the workshop
program outline and information relating to the practical sessions including a
session on genetic data analysis. One manual contains molecular genetic protocols
that are most commonly used for obtaining molecular genetic data and which
supports the laboratory activities undertaken in this workshop and was designed to
be a useful reference manual for any of the young researchers with an opportunity to
undertake molecular genetic analyses subsequent to the workshop. In addition, two
other manuals were provided which provided notes on genetic and morphometric
principles that support the subject matter and activities of the workshop and are also
sufficiently detailed to provide reference material for use into the future. Hard
copies of manuals workshop have been sent to CARD office in Ha Noi (Fig 2.4;
Appendix 1; 2; 3 & 4).
Young researchers also had visited the Biotechnology Center in Hanoi. Dr. Nong
Van Hai, Vice director of Biotechnology Center, outlined presented research
activities at the Biotechnology Center and gave a tour the facilities and equipments
Figure 2.2. Young researchers practicing molecular genetic techniques
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
(Fig 2.5).
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
Figure 2.3. Teaching fish morphology and methods of computerised data collection
20 ________________________________________________________________
2.3 Benefits of training course The comprehensive workshop in RIA1 provided with significantly improved
knowledge and technical skills in genetics in relation to fish breeding and
population analysis for young researchers from research institutions and universities.
After training, 6 of 24 participants have been successful in applying for scholarship
for master and PhD studies in molecular genetic and Aquaculture (Le Van Khoi,
Duong Thuy Yen, Nguyen Thi Tan, Ho Thi Ha, Pham Van Sao). Six of 24
participants have been working in Universities as lectures in genetics. Other young
researchers have been working in common carp selective breeding programs
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
including Nguyen Huu Ninh, and Ngo Phu Thoa.
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
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Figure 2.4. The four manuals were provided to young researchers participating in workshop
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
Figure 2.5. Young researchers visited Biotechnology Center in Hanoi
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
22 ________________________________________________________________
Table 2.1. List of paticipants in workshop
N
Name
Address
Phone number
lienha09@yahoo.com
8.8251806
1 Bui Thi Lien Ha
2 Nguyen Dien
913729936
nguyendien1412@yahoo.co m
Research Institute For Aquaculture No 2, Ho Chi Minh city (RIA 2) Research Institute For Aquaculture No 2, Ho Chi Minh city (RIA 2)
3 Nguyen Thi Thuy Nha Trang Fishries University, Khanh
HOVAN24@yahoo.com
914252975
vanha7200@yahoo.com
4 Ho Thi Ha
Hoa Research Institute For Aquaculture No 2, Ho Chi Minh city (RIA 3), Khanh Hoa
071-830246
thuyyen@yahoo.com
5 Duong Thuy Yen Can Tho University, 2/3 street, Can Tho
city
071-831542
nvtrieu@yahoo.com
6 Nguyen Van Trieu Can Tho University, 2/3 street, Can Tho
7 Pham Van Sao
8 Phan Van Hai
909556764
PH-dungly@yahoo.com
city National Broodstock Center, Hai Duong city Vinh University, 182 Le Duan street, Vinh city
ngochoa27@yahoo.com
9 Bui Thi Ngoc Hoa Thai Nguyen University, Thai Nguyen
10 Truong Thi Hoa
054-821940
trhoa77@yahoo.com
11 Le Van Khoi
city Hue Agriculture and Forestry University, 24 Phung Hung street, Hue city Su-institute aquaculture, Nghe An
912313136
levankhoi@yahoo.com
12 Trinh Dinh Khuyen Agriculture University No 1, Gia Lam ,
Khuyen-hau1@yahoo.com
989659734
Hanoi
04-8769506
98.998397
dmthu1981@yahoo.com
13 Dang Thi Minh
Thu
14 Do Van Son
Marine Research Institure, 170 Le Lai, Ngo Quyen, Hai Phong city College of Fisheries, Tu Son, Bac Ninh
989533637
Banglai81@yahoo.com
912734459
npthoa-ait@yahoo.com
15 Ngo Phu Thoa
National Broodstock Center, Hai Duong city
16 Nguyen Huu Ninh National Broodstock Center, Hai Duong
genetic@fpt.vn
912519944
city
4.8780614
17 Pham Van Sao
912366778
18 Le Quang Hung
genetic@fpt.vn
National Broodstock Center, Hai Duong city Research Institute For Aquaculture No 1, Bac Ninh
4.8780614
19 Nguyen Thi Tan
4.8780614
ntan-ria1@yahoo.com
Research Institute For Aquaculture No 1, Bac Ninh
20 Nguyen Thi Thuy Research Institute For Aquaculture No 1,
4.8780614
nguyengiathuy0109@yaho o.com
21 Dang Thuy Binh
22 Mai Duy Minh
23 Phan Thi Ngoc
Thuy
24 Le Thi Binh
25 Ngo Si Van
91250570
svanvieni@yahoo.com
Bac Ninh Nha Trang Fisheries University, Khanh Hoa Research Institute For Aquaculture No 3, Khanh Hoa Nong Lam University, Thu Duc dis, Ho Chi Minh city Nong Lam University, Thu Duc dis, Ho Chi Minh city Research Institute For Aquaculture No 1, Bac Ninh
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
Table 2.2. Workshop programs
23 ________________________________________________________________
Wednesday 4 May 2005
0830 - 0930 Registration of participants
0930 - 0945 Welcome address (Dr Le Thanh Luu, Dr. Nguyen Xuan Ly)
0945 - 1000 Address by Guest of Honour (Ministry of Fisheries)
1000 - 1030 Overview of project (Dr Chris Austin)
1030 - 1100 Morning Tea Break & Group photo session
1100 - 1200 Scope of workshop and introductory discussions (Dr Chris
Austin)
1200 - 1400 Lunch Break
1400 - 1530 Genetic concepts and principles of selective breeding (Dr Chris
Austin)
1530 - 1600 Afternoon Tea Break
1600 - 1700 Fish genetics and broodstock management (Dr Chris Austin)
Thursday 5 May 2005
0830 - 1000 Applications of molecular markers and genotyping in
aquaculture and fish breeding (Dr Chris Austin)
1000 - 1030 Morning Tea Break
1030 - 1200 PCR & Sequencing (Mr Matt Baranski)
1200 - 1400 Lunch Break
1400 - 1530 Microsatellite methods and QTLs (Mr Matt Baranski)
1530 - 1600 Afternoon Tea Break
1600 - 1700 Single Strand Confirmation Polymorphisms (SSCP)(Mr Binh
Thai)
Friday 6 May 2005
0830 - 1000 Carp taxonomy and morphometric (phenotypic) analyses
analysis (Mr Van and Mr Mark Schultz)
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
1000 - 1030 Morning Tea Break
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
24 ________________________________________________________________
1030 - 1200 (1) Common carp molecular genetic and breeding (Mr Binh
Thai)
(2) Common carp selective breeding programs in Vietnam (Mr
Ninh)
1200 - 1400 Lunch Break
1400 – 1700 Visit Biotechnology Center, Hanoi
Saturday 7 May 2005
0830 - 1000 Taxonomic/morphometric practical (Mr Binh Thai, Mr Van &
Mr Mark Schultz)
1000 - 1030 Morning Tea Break
1030 - 1200 (A) Sample collecting (Mr Ninh)
(B) DNA Procedures (Mr Mark Schultz & Mr Matt Baranski)
(C) SSCPs (Mr Binh Thai)
1200 - 1400 Lunch Break
1400 - 1530 (A) DNA procedures (Mr Mark Schultz & Mr Matt Baranski)
(B) SSCPs (Mr Binh Thai)
(C) Sample collecting (Mr Ninh)
1530 - 1600 Afternoon Tea Break
1600 - 1730 SSCPs (Mr Binh Thai)
Sample collecting (Mr Ninh)
(C) DNA Procedures (Mr Mark Schultz & Mr Matt Baranski)
Sunday 8 May 2005
0830 – 1000 (A) Data analysis – Microsatellites/ SSCP (Mr Binh Thai & Mr
Matt Baranski)
(B) Genetic simulation (XLGene) (Dr Chris Austin)
Data analysis – Morphometrics (Mr Mark Schultz and Mr Van)
1000 - 1200 (A) Genetic simulation (XLGene) (Dr Chris Austin)
(B) Data analysis – Morphometrics (Mr Mark Schultz and Mr
Van)
(C) Data analysis – Microsatellites/ SSCP (Mr Binh Thai & Mr
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
Matt Baranski)
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
25 ________________________________________________________________
1200 - 1400 Lunch Break
1400 - 1530 (A) Data analysis – Morphometrics (Mr Mark Schultz and Mr
Van)
(B) Data analysis – Microsatellites/ SSCP (Mr Binh Thai & Mr
Matt Baranski)
(C) Genetic simulation (XLGene) (Dr Chris Austin)
1530 - 1600 Afternoon Tea Break
1600 - 1700 Morphological/Socio-Economic data collecting & General
Discussion
(Dr Chris Austin & Mr Binh Thai)
Monday 9 May 2005
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
0830- 1000 Close
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
26 ________________________________________________________________
3. Workshops for farmers and hatchery managers on common
carp breeding and broodstock management
3.1 Aims of training This workshop provided training in modern breeding techniques of common carp
and genetic improvement and selective breeding of common carp at a level suitable
for farmers and hatchery managers. Two workshops were held, one at RIA1, Bac
Ninh and the National Broodstock Center, Hai Duong in 2005 and the other in the
Figure 3.1. Training in common carp breeding and broodstock management for farmers and hatchery managers held in RIA1 in Bac Ninh and National Broodstrock Center in Hai Duong in 2005.
Figure 3.2. Training in common carp breeding and broodstock management for farmers was held in Thai Nguyen Aquaculture Center, in Thai Nguyen city in 2006.
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
Thai Nguyen Aquaculture Center, Thai Nguyen city 2006.
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
27 ________________________________________________________________
3.2 Outcomes Sixty five participants from 21 provinces attended the workshops (Fig 3.1; 3.2 and
Table 3.1). The programs of the training are presented in Tables 3.2 and 3.3.
A number of lectures, practical sessions and discussion groups were held. The topic
and training activities included:
• Overview of common carp culture in the world
• Common carp genetic improvement and selective breeding program at RIA
1
• Principles of good fish breeding
• Breeding techniques of common carp, including traditional and modern
methods
• General discussion sessions with farmers and hatchery mangers on
broodstock selection, management and fry/fingerling quality and sources
• Demonstration of common carp breeding at the National Broodstock Center
(NBC), Hai Duong
During the first workshop the hatchery managers and farmers were taken on a tour
of the modern fish hatchery, and environmental and disease departments at
RIA1.The participants also spent one and half day at NBC to see demonstration of
common carp breeding techniques such as broodstock selection, hormone injection,
fertilization, and incubation (Fig 3.3).
The training manual provided to workshop participants is shown in (Fig 3.4 &
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
Appendix 5).
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
Figure 3.3. Hatchery manager and farmer are shown common carp breeding techniques in National Broodstock Center in Hai Duong city.
28 ________________________________________________________________
3.3 Benefits of training Two comprehensive workshops brought many benefit for farmers and hatchery
managers. The farmers not only had a good chance to learn about modern common
carp breeding techniques, which many had not seen before, but also had the
opportunity to share experiences of carp culture with each other.
After the workshop some fish hatcheries are starting to apply or introduce modern
fish breeding techniques for common carp such as Me Linh hatchery, Van Chan
hatchery, Cu Van hatchery, Thanh Liet hatchery. The farmers demonstrated that
they have collectively a significant wealth of knowledge the can be better used to
advance common carp breeding. Farmers are also now more prepared to buy
genetically improve fingerlings and broodstocks how they have a better
understanding of the problems of inbreeding and the benefits of using genetically
improved stocks. Another important outcome was the agreement of forty farmers to
collaborate with researchers from RIA1 to set up on-farm experiments as part of the
last phase of this project. This is clear evidence of positive outcomes from the
workshop.
3.4 Suggestions from fish farmers and hatchery managers The suggestions of farmer and hatchery managers from workshop discussions:
• Quality of broodstock and seed of common carp should continue to be
improved
Improved access to genetically improved common carp stocks needs to be •
provided
• More training in fish breeding and cultured techniques for farmers and the
opportunity to provide feed back to researchers and policy markers
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
• Research on the reduction of common carp seed cost
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
Figure 3.4. Manual provided for farmer and hatchery manager workshops
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
29 ________________________________________________________________
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30 ________________________________________________________________
Table 3.1. List of participants attended training
Name Address
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
N 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Nguyen Nghiem Luat Mau Thi Ha Mau Minh Sang Tran Nhu Ke Nguyen the Vinh Duong Thanh Phuong Ngo thi Le Mau thi Sang Mau thi Lieu Mau Thi Dien Nguyen The Que Mau Thi Nhung Phan Van Truong Mau Minh Tung Nguyen Duc Canh Trinh Van Luc Vu Quang Trung Duong Dinh Lap Ngo Thai Hung Nguyen Xuan Truong Hoang Tien Nhinh Hoang Van Lien Hoang Ninh Lo Van Hom Can Ngoc Hoan LO Van Phong Me Van Hien Bui Kinh Chung Hoang Van Muoi Vu Tien Quan Doan Trong Chin Nguyen Ngoc Nhan Dinh Van Ly Phung Van Sinh Do Duc Thuan Hoang Thi Chung Tran Trong Thong Nguyen Tat Thang Nguyen Tuan Minh Luong Thi Tho Na Com, Tich Luong, Thai Nguyen Na Com, Tich Luong, Thai Nguyen Na Com, Tich Luong, Thai Nguyen Na Com, Tich Luong, Thai Nguyen Na Com, Tich Luong, Thai Nguyen Na Com, Tich Luong, Thai Nguyen Na Com, Tich Luong, Thai Nguyen Na Com, Tich Luong, Thai Nguyen Na Com, Tich Luong, Thai Nguyen Na Com, Tich Luong, Thai Nguyen Na Com, Tich Luong, Thai Nguyen Na Com, Tich Luong, Thai Nguyen Na Com, Tich Luong, Thai Nguyen Na Com, Tich Luong, Thai Nguyen Cu Van, Dai Tu, Thai Nguyen Cu Van, Dai Tu, Thai Nguyen Cu Van, Dai Tu, Thai Nguyen Cu Van, Dai Tu, Thai Nguyen Cu Van, Dai Tu, Thai Nguyen Cu Van, Dai Tu, Thai Nguyen Tan An, Nghia Lo, Yen Bai Tan An, Nghia Lo, Yen Bai Tan An, Nghia Lo, Yen Bai Tan An, Nghia Lo, Yen Bai Tan An, Nghia Lo, Yen Bai Tan An, Nghia Lo, Yen Bai Phu Trang, Nghia Lo, Yen Bai Phu Trang, Nghia Lo, Yen Bai Phu Trang, Nghia Lo, Yen Bai Tan An, Nghia Lo, Yen Bai Dai Dong, Yen Binh, Yen Bai Yen Binh town, Yen Bai Yen Binh town, Yen Bai Yen Binh town, Yen Bai Yen Binh town, Yen Bai Yen Binh town, Yen Bai Thinh Hung, Yen Binh, Yen Bai Thanh Binh, Phuc Thinh, Yen Bai Yen Binh, Yen Bai Phu Thinh, Yen Bai
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
Table 3.2. Workshop program 2005 Tuesday
31 ________________________________________________________________
Wednesday 0830 - 0900 0900 - 1030
1030-1100 1100 - 1200
1200-1400 1400 - 1500
1500 - 1530 1530 - 1700 Thursday 0830 - 1000
1000 - 1030 1030 - 1200
1200 - 1400 1400 - 1700
Friday 0830 - 1000
1000 - 1030 1030 - 1200
1200 - 1400 1400 - 1700
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
10 May 2005 Arrival and Registration of participants (Mrs. Ninh) 11 May 2005 Welcome address (Vice Director Tuan Anh Pham) Overview of project and scope of workshop (Dr. Chris Austin) Morning Tea break & Group photo session Overview of common carp culture in the world (Mr. Binh Thanh Thai) Lunch break Common carp genetic improvement and selective breeding program at RIA 1 (Mr. Ninh Huu Nguyen) Afternoon Tea break RIA 1 Tour (Mrs. Tan Thi Nguyen) 12 May 2005 Principles of good fish breeding (Dr Chris Austin) Breeding techniques of common carp (Mr. Binh Thanh Thai) (A) Traditional methods (B) Modern methods Morning Tea Break General discussion with farmers and hatchery managers on common carp culture and breeding methods (Binh and Ninh) Lunch Break General discussion with farmers and hatchery mangers on broodstock selection, management and fry/fingerling quality and sources (Binh and Ninh) 13 May 2005 Socio-economic survey of common carp culture and broodstock management being practiced by farmers and hatchery managers attending workshop (Binh and Ninh) Morning Tea Break Question and Answer session about Breeding carp (Binh Thanh Thai and Ninh Huu Nguyen) Lunch Break Visit National Broodstocks Centre in Hai Duong province Demonstration of practical common carp breeding 14 May 2005 Practical common carp Breeding: cont. (Binh and Ninh) Morning Tea Break Practical common carp Breeding: cont. (Binh and Ninh) Saturday 0830 - 1000 1000 - 1030 1030 - 1200
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
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Lunch Break Return RIA1 and workshop closing 15 May 2005 Participants depart
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
1200 - 1400 1400 - 1700 Sunday
Better breeding of common carp for small scale fish farmers
Table 3.3. Workshop programs 2006 Thursday
33 ________________________________________________________________
6 April 2006
1200-1700 Arrival and Registration of participants (Mrs. Ninh)
Friday 7 April 2006
0830 - 0900 Welcome address (Vice Director Tuan Anh Pham)
& Head of Thai Nguyen Aquaculture Center (Mr. Nguyen Van Gioi)
0900 - 1030 Overview of project and scope of workshop (Prof Chris Austin)
1030-1100 Morning Tea break & Group photo session
1100 - 1200 Overview of common carp culture in the world (Binh Thanh Thai)
1200-1400 Lunch break
1400 - 1500 Common carp genetic improvement and selective breeding program at
RIA 1 (Le Quang Hung)
1500 - 1530 Afternoon Tea break
1530 - 1700 Fish gene conservation programs and Seed Distribution Network of
RIA 1, Vietnam (Ninh)
Saturday 8 April 2006
0830 - 1000 Principles of good fish breeding (Dr Chris Austin)
Breeding techniques of common carp (Mr. Binh Thanh Thai)
(A) Traditional methods
(B) Modern methods
1000 - 1030 Morning Tea Break
1030 - 1200 General discussion with farmers and hatchery managers on common
carp culture and breeding methods (Binh and Ninh)
1200 - 1400 Lunch Break
1400 - 1700 Question and Answer session about Breeding carp(Binh Thanh Thai
and Ninh Huu Nguyen)sources (Binh and Hung)
Sunday 9 April 2006
0830 - 1200 Visiting National Broodstock Center (Mr Ninh)
Demonstration of practical common carp breeding
1200 - 1400 Morning Tea Break
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
1400 - 1430 Design and carrying out experiments in Farm (Le Quang Hung or Tran
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Vu Hung or Nguyen Van Hai)
1430 - 1500 Lunch Break
1500 – 1600 Survey Farmers evaluate workshop (Prof Chris Austin)
1600-1700 Workshop closing
Vice Director of RIA1 & Head of Thai Nguyen Aquaculture Center
Monday 10 April 2006
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
Participants depart
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35 ________________________________________________________________
Appendices
Appendix 1: Workshop programs (see CD and separate hard copy)
Appendix 2: Genetic workshop notes (see CD and separate hard copy)
Appendix 3: Genetic laboratory notes (see CD and separate hard copy)
Appendix 4: Morphometry and taxonomy of common carp notes (see CD and
separate hard copy)
Appendix 5: Workshop program note (see CD and separate hard copy)
Christopher M Austin, Tuan Anh Pham, Binh Thanh Thai
Appendix 6: Digital images and movies from workshop program (see CD)
