TRIJONG DHSP TP.HCM
KHOA var L.v cQNc HoA xA nQr cnu Ncni.t vn$r NAM
Ddc ltp- Tu do - Hanh Ohric
of rrrr MON: eUANG pHo NGrryEN Trt
' Ldr : crrINr{AN vAT L.f
Thiri gian lirr biri: 120 phrftt
I. Tuong t6c I.S vi tuong trlcij
X6t tuong tfc giira mQt electron (1) o trpng th6i s c6 momen dQng lugng qu! d4o vir spin
lAn luqt h [v] { vn mQt electron (2) o tqng th6i p c6 momen dQng lugng qu! d3o vd spin lin
.' :
luqtld lrvit s2.D?t S=s1*r2 vit L=h+lz.
1. Tinh dO lon cria S vd ttQ lon cria momen clQng lu-o. ng todn phAn i = L +i . Viiit c6c s5
hang ph6 cia tuong t6c LS giira hai eleckon ndy.
2. Tinh c6c d6 l6n cta momen dQng lugng ctia m6i electron. i --i+ q vd i =6 * t, .
Vi6t c6c sO h4ng ph6 cria tucrng t6c
jj giftahai electron ndy.
II. Tr4ng thr{i co bin cria nguy6n tfr carbon
Vitit c6u hinh diQn tti (electronic configuration) cria nguy€n tri carbon C (c6 6 electron) 6
tr4ng thrli co bin vd c6c pO hAng ph6 tuong ung vdi tuong t6c LS cria nguy€n tir ndy. Dirng quy tic
Hund d€ tim sd h4ng ph6 cta trpng th6i co bdn.
III. Thira sii Land6 trong nguy€n tir c6 hai electron tuong tluong
Xdt hai electron 0 cdu hinh (n)pz .
L Ding m6 hinh vecto d0 chrmg minh ring thta s6 Land6 duoc tfnh boi:
^_.,, J(J +l)+,S(S+1)+Z(Z+l)
"_,_W,
trong d6, J, L, vd S 6n luqt h dO lcrn cia momen dQng lugng todn phAn i = I +,S , cria momen
Cgng luqerg qu! <lgo toan phAn L =T, *e,, vi cia spin todur phan 5 = { * { .
2. Sri dpng c6ng thric trdn t16 tfnh thira sti Land6 cta c6c st5 h4ng ph6 to, vit 3 Pr.
ry. Sii hgng phd vi so tld mrfrc nlng luqng cria nguy€n tfr heli
1. Vitit cdc cAu hinh tliQn tri (electronic configurations) vd crlc sti hang ph6 cria nguy€n tri
heli o trpng th6i co bin vd d trpng th6i kich thfch thri nh6t, trpng th6i kfch thich thri hai.
2. V€ so tt6 cic mirc nlng lugng cria nguy€n tu heli 0 trang thii 1s2p khi c6 tfnh dtin hiQu
ring tuong aOi tintr. - Hf,'r'-
Ghi chri: e Thi sinh khdng duqc sfr d$ng tni hQu.
. C6c cf,u I,II, III, vi IV iIQc lip nhau
o Thi sinh c6 th6 sft dBng k6t qui cria cic cflu trOn A6 tra lli cic cflu duti,i.
L3.g
td +r'g w%