# InDesign CS5 Bible- P13

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## InDesign CS5 Bible- P13

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InDesign CS5 Bible- P13: InDesign is a powerful tool that serves as the standard program for professional layout and design. The latest version boasts a variety of updates and enhancements. Packed with real-world examples and written by industry expert Galen Gruman, this in-depth resource clearly explains how InDesign CS5 allows for better typography and transparency features, speedier performance, and more user control than any other layout program.

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## Nội dung Text: InDesign CS5 Bible- P13

1. Chapter 23: Using Special Characters Character Mac Shortcut Windows Shortcut Measurement Foot (') Control+' Ctrl+' Inch (") Control+Shift+' Ctrl+Alt+' Mathematics One-half fraction (½) Not supported Ctrl+Alt+6 or Alt+0189 One-quarter fraction (¼) Not supported Ctrl+Alt+7 or Alt+0188 Three-quarters fraction (¾) Not supported Ctrl+Alt+8 or Alt+0190 Infinity (∞) Option+5 Not supported Division (÷) Option+/ Alt+0247 Root (√) Option+V Not supported Greater than or equal to (≥) Option+> Not supported Less than or equal to (≤) Option+< Not supported Inequality ( ≠ ) Option+= Not supported Rough equivalence (≈) Option+X Not supported Plus or minus (±) Option+Shift+= Alt+0177 Logical not (¬) Option+L Ctrl+Alt+\ or Alt+0172 Per mil (‰) Option+Shift+R Alt+0137 Degree (°) Option+Shift+8 Alt+0176 Function (ƒ) Option+F Alt+0131 Integral (∫) Option+B Not supported Variation (∂) Option+D Not supported Greek beta (β) Option+S not supported Greek mu (μ) Option+M Alt+0181 Greek Pi (∏) Option+Shift+P Not supported Greek pi (π) Option+P Not supported Greek Sigma (∑) Option+W Not supported Greek Omega (Ω) Option+Z Not supported Miscellaneous Apple logo (Ú) Option+Shift+K Not supported Light (¤) Not supported Ctrl+Alt+4 or Alt+0164 Open diamond (◊) Option+Shift+V Not supported Cross-Reference When you’re searching and replacing text via the Find/Change dialog box, InDesign uses codes to indicate spe- cial symbols and lets you paste the symbol into its Find What and Change To fields. Chapter 19 covers this in more detail. n 555
3. Chapter 23: Using Special Characters Cross-Reference The spaces, dashes, and quotation marks characters are covered in this chapter. The hyphen and Indent to Here characters are covered in Chapter 21. The break characters are covered in Chapter 19. The End Nested Style Here character is covered in Chapter 21. Automatic page and section markers are covered in Chapter 7. Footnotes are covered in Chapter 27. Tabs are covered in Chapter 25. n Using the Glyphs panel Inspired by Microsoft Word’s Symbol dialog box (choose Edit ➪ Insert Symbol), InDesign’s cre- ators have created a flexible panel, the Glyphs panel, to access special symbols and characters in any font. To open the panel, choose Type ➪ Glyphs or press Option+Shift+F11 or Alt+Shift+F11. The Glyphs panel, shown in Figure 23.1, displays. By default, the panel shows available characters for the current font, but you can change the font using the Font Family and Font Style popup menus at the bottom of the panel. FIGURE 23.1 The Glyphs panel and its flyout menu (left). The panel and its Show popup menu (right). Zoom in Zoom out It’s unlikely that the Glyphs panel will show all available characters in its window, so use the scroll bar at right to move through all the characters. To show a subset of the font’s characters, choose an option such as Entire Font or Currency from the Show popup menu (the options depend on how the font file is organized internally); Figure 23.1 shows an example Show popup menu. You can also make the characters larger or smaller by clicking the Zoom Out or Zoom In iconic buttons at the panel’s bottom right. 557
5. Chapter 23: Using Special Characters FIGURE 23.2 Editing a glyph set Note InDesign automatically creates a glyph set called Recent Glyphs, which are glyphs you’ve selected recently. You can edit and otherwise work with this automatic set just as you can with any other set. n To access a glyph set, simply click the desired glyph set from the Show popup menu in the Glyph panel. Make sure the Type tool is active and that the text cursor (text-insertion point) is active in a text frame or path. Double-click the desired glyph in the Glyphs panel; InDesign inserts it at the text cursor location. Sharing glyph sets You can share glyph sets with other users. When you create a glyph set, InDesign creates a file in the Glyph Sets folder within the Presets folder that in turn resides within the folder contain- ing the InDesign application. Just copy these files to other users’ Glyph Sets folders to give them access to them. Using Other Tools to Access Special Characters Besides using the built-in InDesign tools for special characters, you can also use utility programs. You might do this because you want to use the same consistent tool for all your applications. Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard and Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard each come with two tools (shown in Figure 23.3) that are like a simple version of InDesign’s Glyphs panel: the Keyboard Viewer and Character Viewer (called the Character Palette in Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard). Both are available 559
8. Part V: Text Fundamentals Fixed-width spaces Fixed-width spaces keep their size intact no matter how much InDesign adjusts regular spaces elsewhere in your text as part of its text-flow and composition decisions. The three most common fixed-width spaces are the em space (the width of a capital M, which also happens to be the same width as the type size), the en space (the width of a capital N, which hap- pens to be half the width of an em space), and the thin space (the width of a lowercase t, which happens to be a quarter the width of an em space). But InDesign’s creators are control freaks, so they offer a lot more fixed-width space options than just the common em, en, and thin spaces, as Table 23.2 shows. l A punctuation space is the width of a comma or period, useful in aligning text in tables. l A figure space is the width of a standard (tabular lining) numeral, also useful in aligning text in tables. l A flush space is used to fill out a line between an end-of-story character and the text on the rest of line, but it works only if the paragraph is set to Full Justify. Frankly, it’s easier to use a right tab character (press Shift+Tab), which does the same thing no matter what justification is applied to your paragraph. l A hair space is essentially half a thin space and is typically used instead of kerning to nudge slightly overlapping characters away from each other. l The other spaces — third space, quarter space, and sixth space — are the specified frac- tions of an em space’s width. The non-joiner character is a zero-width space character that you’ll hardly use because it’s really designed for languages such as Arabic and Devanagari, in which letterforms get joined in some cir- cumstances but not others. The non-joiner prevents the characters from being joined, overriding any automatic font options. In English, you might use this character to manually prevent automatic ligatures (the only circumstance in which characters are joined together in English). Using dashes Many people confuse the two types of dashes used in typography: the em dash and en dash. All about em dashes An em dash (so called because it is the width of a capital M) is the most common dash and is used to indicate a break in sentence flow, either for an inserted phrase (sort of a supersize parenthesis) or to indicate a complete change in thought (which typically occurs in transcribed text). 562
9. Chapter 23: Using Special Characters TABLE 23.2 Shortcuts for Spaces, Dashes, Hyphens, and Quotes Character Mac Shortcut Windows Shortcut Em space ( ) Shift+Ô+M Ctrl+Shift+M En space ( ) Shift+Ô+N Ctrl+Shift+N Thin space ( ) Option+Shift+Ô+M Ctrl+Alt+Shift+M Nonbreaking space Option+Ô+X Ctrl+Alt+X Em dash (—) Option+Shift+– Alt+Shift+– or Alt+0151 En dash (–) Option+– Alt+– or Alt+0150 Nonbreaking hyphen Option+Ô+– Ctrl+Alt+– Discretionary hyphen Shift+Ô+– Ctrl+Shift+– “ (open double quote) Option+[ Shift+Alt+[ ” (closed double quote) Shift+Option+[ Shift+Alt+] ‘ (open single quote) Option+] Alt+[ ’ (closed single quote) Shift+Option+] Alt+] " (keyboard double quote) Option+shift+' Ctrl+Alt+' ' (keyboard single quote/apostrophe) Ô+' Ctrl+'  (keyboard open single quote)   When you import text from a word processor, InDesign converts two consecutive hyphens — the way you indicate a dash in a typewriter — to a real em dash. InDesign doesn’t do this when you type, however, so you must specify the em dash through the torturous menu command Type ➪ Insert Special Character ➪ Hyphens and Dashes ➪ Em Dash or know its keyboard shortcut (Option+Shift+– or Alt+Shift+–). Platform Difference Note that most Windows programs don’t use the Alt+Shift+– shortcut for an em dash; if they don’t have their own shortcut, you can use the universal Windows shortcut Alt+0151 (be sure to type the numbers from the numeric keypad, not from the keyboard). By the way, the universal Windows shortcut for an en dash is Alt+0150. n Caution Microsoft Word has a default setting that converts two hyphens to an en dash (–) rather than an em dash (—), which is simply wrong typographically. Chapter 17 explains how to handle this. n 563
10. Part V: Text Fundamentals Spacing Em Dashes — or Not Typographers are divided over whether you should put spaces around em dashes — like this — or not—like this. Traditionally, there is no space, but having space lets the publishing program treat the dash as a word, thereby creating an even amount of space around all words in a line. Not having a space around dashes means that the publishing program sees the two words connected by the em dash as one big word. So the spacing added to justify a line between all other words on the line may be awkwardly large because the program doesn’t know how to break a line after or before an em dash that doesn’t have space on either side. Still, whether to surround a dash with space is a decision in which personal preferences should prevail. All about en dashes The en dash, so called because it is the width of a capital N, is traditionally used to: l Separate numerals, as in a range of values or dates (pages 41–63) l Label a figure (Figure 23–1), although publishers are divided on whether to do this (some just use a regular hyphen) l Indicate a negative value (–45) as a minus sign l Indicate an interrupted hyphenation (first– and business-class passengers) l Indicate a multiple-word hyphenation (Civil War–era rifle) Of course, many people don’t use an en dash at all — or incorrectly use it as an em dash. Although desktop publishing has made it easy for almost anyone to produce good-looking documents, most people have no clue about the use of special characters that typographers and copy editors have traditionally applied to final documents. Using quotation marks and apostrophes By default, InDesign replaces the keyboard’s typewriter-style, straight quotation marks (" and ') and apostrophe (') with the typographic, curly quotation marks (‘ ’ “ ”). That’s because the Use Typographer’s Quotes is enabled by default in the Type pane of the Preferences dialog box (choose InDesign ➪ Preferences ➪ Type or press Ô+K on the Mac, or choose Edit ➪ Preferences ➪ Type or press Ctrl+K in Windows). The Use Typographer’s Quote setting applies both to quotation marks in imported text and quotation marks you type in InDesign. Tip You can change the quotation marks that InDesign uses in the Dictionary pane of the Preferences dialog box, as Chapter 19 explains. n 564
12. Part V: Text Fundamentals characters such as the German ß, the Icelandic Þ, the French «, and the Spanish ¡. For Western European languages, the majority of Roman-based fonts include these extra characters — but not all do, so do check before relying on a specific font. Fewer Roman-based fonts have the special accented letters common in Eastern European and Turkish languages such as the Ł and Ţ — so chances are you need to buy fonts designed specifically for these languages; and for languages with non-Roman scripts — such as Arabic, Chinese, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Thai, and Vietnamese — it’s a sure bet you need to get language-specific fonts. Cross-Reference InDesign comes with spelling and hyphenation dictionaries for the 27 languages it supports. Chapter 19 covers how to work with these dictionaries in more detail, as well as how to let InDesign know what language specific text is in, so that it knows what dictionaries to use with it. n Although most American publishers don’t produce work in other languages, they may still use accents in their work. (Canadian publishers, of course, often publish in English and French.) And, of course, many publishers do publish in other languages, such as Spanish, French, German, and Portuguese, because they do business with customers in multiple countries. Even all-English pub- lishers may choose to use accents in foreign words such as café to help pronunciation and show a bit of international flair. See Table 23.3 for foreign-language characters used in Western European languages — the ones that most North American publishers are apt to use occasionally, without resorting to fonts designed for these languages. Note that Windows shortcuts involving four numerals (such as Alt+0157) should be entered from the numeric keypad while pressing and holding Alt. Tip If your font doesn’t have the accented characters you need, you may be able to create them by kerning accent marks over the letters. See Chapter 20 for detailed information on kerning. n TABLE 23.3 Shortcuts for Western European Accents and Foreign Characters Character Mac Shortcut Windows Shortcut acute (´)* Option+E letter ' letter cedilla (¸)* see Ç and ç ' letter circumflex (ˆ)* Option+I letter ^ letter grave ()* Option+ letter  letter tilde (~)* Option+N letter ~ letter trema (¨)* Option+U letter " letter umlaut (¨)* Option+U letter " letter Á Option+E A ' A or Alt+0193 á Option+E a ' a or Alt+0225 566
13. Chapter 23: Using Special Characters Character Mac Shortcut Windows Shortcut À Option+ A  A or Alt+0192 à Option+ a  a or Alt+0224 Ä Option+U A " A or Alt+0196 ä Option+U a " a or Alt+0228 Ã Option+N A ~ A or Alt+0195 ã Option+N a ~ a or Alt+0227 Â Option+I A ^ A or Alt+0194 â Option+I a ^ a or Alt+0226 Å Option+Shift+A Alt+0197 å Option+A Alt+0229 Æ Option+Shift+ Alt+0198 æ Option+ Alt+0230 or Ctrl+Alt+Z Ç Option+Shift+C ' C or Alt+0199 ç Option+C ' c or Alt+0231 or Ctrl+Alt+, Ð Not supported Alt+0208 đ Not supported Alt+0240 É Option+E E ' E or Alt+0201 é Option+E e ' e or Alt+0233 È Option+ E  E or Alt+0200 è Option+ e  e or Alt+0232 Ë Option+U E " E or Alt+0203 ë Option+U e " e or Alt+0235 Ê Option+I E ^ E or Alt+0202 ê Option+I e ^ e or Alt+0234 Í Option+E I ' I or Alt+-205 í Option+E i ' i or Alt+0237 Ì Option+  I  I or Alt+0204 ì Option+ i  i or Alt+0236 Ï Option+U I " I or Alt+0207 ï Option+U i " I or Alt+0239 Î Option+I I ^ I or Alt+0206 î Option+I i ^ I or Alt+0238 Ñ Option+N N ~ N or Alt+0209 ñ Option+N n ~ n or Alt+0241 continued 567
14. Part V: Text Fundamentals TABLE 23.3 (continued) Character Mac Shortcut Windows Shortcut Ó Option+E O ' O or Alt+0211 ó Option+E o ' o or Alt+0243 or Ctrl+Alt+O Ò Option+ O  O or Alt+0210 ò Option+ o  o or Alt+0242 Ö Option+U O " O or Alt+0214 ö Option+U o " o or Alt+0246 Õ Option+N O ~ O or Alt+0213 õ Option+N o ~ o or Alt+0245 Ô Option+I O ^ O or Alt+0212 ô Option+I o ^ o or Alt+0244 Ø Option+Shift+O Alt+0216 ø Option+O Alt+0248 or Ctrl+Alt+L Œ Option+Shift+Q Alt+0140 œ Option+Q Alt+0156 Þ Not supported Alt+0222 þ Not supported Alt+0254 ß Option+S Ctrl+Alt+S or Alt+0223 ∫ Option+B Not supported Š Not supported Alt+0138 š Not supported Alt+0154 Ú Option+E U ' U or Alt+0218 ú Option+E u ' u or Alt+0250 or Ctrl+Alt+U Ù Option+ U  U or Alt+0217 ù Option+ u  u or Alt+0249 Ü Option+U U " U or Alt+0220 ü Option+U u " u or Alt+0252 Û Option+I U ^ U or Alt+0219 û Option+I u ^ u or Alt+0251 Ý Not supported ' Y or Alt+0221 ý Not supported ' y or Alt+0253 Ÿ Option+U Y " Y or Alt+0159 ÿ Option+U y " y or Alt+0255 Ž Not supported Alt+0142 ž Not supported Alt+0158 568
15. Chapter 23: Using Special Characters Character Mac Shortcut Windows Shortcut Spanish open exclamation (¡) Option+1 Ctrl+Alt+1 or Alt+-0161 Spanish open question (¿) Option+Shift+/ Ctrl+Alt+/ or Alt+0191 French open double quote («) Option+\ Ctrl+Alt+[ or Alt+0171 French close double quote (») Option+Shift+\ Ctrl+Alt+] or Alt+0187 * On the Mac, enter the shortcut for the accent and then type the letter to be accented. For example, to get é, type Option+E and then the letter e. In Windows, if the keyboard layout is set to United States-International — via the Keyboard icon in the Windows Control Panel — you can enter the accent signifier and then type the letter (for example, type  and then the letter e to get è). To avoid an accent (for example, if you want to begin a quote — such as “A man” rather than have Ä man” — type a space after the accent character — for example, type " and then a space, and then A, instead of typing " and then A. European Languages and Accented Characters Using accents in foreign words is great, but many Americans use them incorrectly, which is embarrass- ing. Although I can’t tell you how to properly spell and accent every foreign word (a good dictionary for that language can!), I can tell you which accented characters are used in European languages. If you’re using a word from one of the languages here and that word uses an accented character not shown for the language, you either have the wrong accent or that word is actually from a different language. I’ve also indicated what countries use the euro currency symbol (€) by including that symbol in their lists, and I’ve indicated special currency symbols for other nations. Many of the characters shown here are not available in standard PostScript and TrueType fonts. Most are available in OpenType fonts, though not in every case. You may need a special font for the specific language to get all the characters. continued 569
16. Part V: Text Fundamentals continued A great source for information on foreign characters and fonts is Vistawide, accessible on the Web at http://www.vistawide.com/languages/foreign_language_fonts.htm. Summary A multitude of special characters is available for your documents. You can access common ones via keyboard shortcuts, less common ones through InDesign’s Type menu, and all available characters through the Glyphs panel. InDesign also automatically converts keyboard quotes into their typographic counterparts, plus it lets you select the quotation mark style to be used so that you can use the right style for the lan- guage you are publishing in. 570
17. Part VI Business Document Fundamentals IN THIS PART Chapter 24 Workgroup Editing Chapter 25 Setting Up Tabs and Tables Chapter 26 Using Automatic and Custom Text Chapter 27 Working with Footnotes, Indexes, and TOCs