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Lecture CCNA Exploration 4.0 (Kỳ 1) - Chapter 3: Application Layer Functionality and Protocols

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This chapter objectives: Describe how the functions of the three upper OSI model layers provide network services to end user applications, describe how the TCP/IP Application Layer protocols provide the services specified by the upper layers of the OSI model, define how people use the Application Layer to communicate across the information network,...

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Nội dung Text: Lecture CCNA Exploration 4.0 (Kỳ 1) - Chapter 3: Application Layer Functionality and Protocols

  1. Chapter 3- Application Layer Functionality and Protocols CCNA Exploration 4.0 1
  2. Objectives • Describe how the functions of the three upper OSI model layers provide network services to end user applications. • Describe how the TCP/IP Application Layer protocols provide the services specified by the upper layers of the OSI model. • Define how people use the Application Layer to communicate across the information network. • Describe the function of well-known TCP/IP applications, such as the World Wide Web and email, and their related services (HTTP, DNS, SMB, DHCP, STMP/POP, and Telnet). • Describe file-sharing processes that use peer-to-peer applications and the Gnutella protocol. • Explain how protocols ensure services running on one kind of device can send to and receive data from many different network devices. • Use network analysis tools to examine and explain how common user applications work. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 2
  3. Applications – The Interface Between the Networks Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 3
  4. OSI and TCP/IP model • The Application layer (Layer 7): The top layer of both the OSI and TCP/IP models. • It provides the interface between the applications we use to communicate and the underlying network over which our messages are transmitted. • Application layer protocols are used to exchange data between programs running on the source and destination hosts. 3.1.1.1 Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 4
  5. OSI and TCP/IP model Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 5
  6. OSI model Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 6
  7. OSI model Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 7
  8. OSI model Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 8
  9. OSI model Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 9
  10. OSI model Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 10
  11. OSI and TCP/IP Model • Functionality of the TCP/IP Application layer protocols fit roughly into the framework of the top three layers of the OSI model: Application, Presentation and Session layers. 3.1.1.2 Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 11
  12. The Presentation layer functions • Coding and conversion of Application layer data to ensure that data from the source device can be interpreted by the appropriate application on the destination device. – An example of a presentation service would be the conversion of an EBCDIC-coded text file to an ASCII-coded file. • Compression of the data in a manner that can be decompressed by the destination device. • Encryption of the data for transmission and the decryption of data upon receipt by the destination. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 12
  13. Example: JPEG format original image 75% image quality Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 13
  14. The Presentation layer functions • Presentation layer implementations are not typically associated with a particular protocol stack Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 14
  15. The Session Layer • Functions at this layer create and maintain dialogs between source and destination applications. • The Session layer handles the exchange of information to initiate dialogs, keep them active, and to restart sessions that are disrupted or idle for a long period of time. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 15
  16. The Session Layer • Most applications, like web browsers or e-mail clients, incorporate functionality of the OSI layers 5, 6 and 7. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 16
  17. Application Layer Protocols • Domain Name Service Protocol (DNS) • Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) • Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) • Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) • Telnet (terminal emulation protocol) • File Transfer Protocol (FTP) 3.1.1.3 Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 17
  18. Application Layer Software • Within the Application layer, there are two forms of software programs or processes that provide access to the network: applications and services. • Network-Aware Applications – They implement the application layer protocols and are able to communicate directly with the lower layers of the protocol stack. Example: IE, Firefox, Outlook ... • Application layer Services – Other programs may need the assistance of Application layer services to use network resources, like file transfer or network print spooling. Example: setup a HTTP server , using IIS. 3.1.2 Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 18
  19. Application Layer Software 3.1.2 Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 19
  20. Application Layer Software • Alg.exe: Application Layer Gateway service is a component of of Windows OS. It is required if you use a 3rd party firewall or Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) to connect to the internet. Do not end this program in task manager - you will lose all internet connectivity until next restart or login. • "lsass.exe" is the Local Security Authentication Server. It verifies the validity of user logons to your PC/Server. It generates the process responsible for authenticating users for the Winlogon service. Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 20
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