Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng và cận lâm sàng của bệnh nhân chửa ngoài tử cung được điều trị tại Bệnh viện Hữu nghị Lạc Việt

Ectopic pregnancy, a condition where a fertilized ovum implants outside the uterine cavity, represents a critical obstetric emergency globally and in Vietnam. Its incidence is on the rise, posing significant risks of severe complications, including rupture and life-threatening hemorrhage, if not diagnosed and managed promptly. While advancements in diagnostic tools and treatment modalities, such as medical management and minimally invasive surgery, have improved outcomes, understanding the specific clinical and paraclinical characteristics of affected patients is paramount for optimizing early detection and intervention. This study aims to describe these key features among patients treated at Lac Viet Friendship Hospital, providing valuable insights into local epidemiology and patient profiles.

Medical professionals, gynecologists, public health practitioners, and researchers focusing on obstetric emergencies and reproductive health, especially in Vietnam or similar developing contexts.

This cross-sectional descriptive study investigated the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of 140 patients diagnosed with and treated for ectopic pregnancy at Lac Viet Friendship Hospital, a provincial-level facility in Vietnam. The research systematically collected and analyzed demographic data, obstetric-gynecologic history, clinical symptoms, and paraclinical results to offer a comprehensive profile of this patient group. Key findings reveal that the average patient age was 32.1 ± 6.8 years, with a majority (57.1%) falling within the 31-40 age bracket, and factory workers constituting the largest occupational group (62.9%). Common risk factors identified included a history of abdominal surgery (42.1%), gynecological infections (20%), and previous ectopic pregnancy (17.9%). Clinically, patients frequently presented with abdominal pain (77.9%), abnormal vaginal bleeding (46.4%), and a painful adnexal mass (66.4%), with 9.3% admitted in a state of shock, underscoring the severity in some cases. Paraclinical indicators like median β-hCG (1232 IU/L) and ultrasound findings of an empty uterus (96.4%) and adnexal mass (90%) confirmed diagnoses. Although a significant portion of cases showed favorable early diagnostic indicators, a notable number still presented late with critical complications such as rupture and internal bleeding. This highlights a dual need: strengthening early screening, particularly for high-risk groups like factory workers, and enhancing emergency response capabilities at the local level to improve patient safety and outcomes.