Yếu tố liên quan đến tăng huyết áp ở người cao tuổi dân tộc Khmer tại huyện Châu Thành, tỉnh Trà Vinh

Hypertension represents a critical global health challenge, significantly contributing to cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and premature mortality. In Vietnam, the burden of hypertension is notably increasing, particularly within the elderly demographic, where age-related physiological changes, lifestyle shifts, and co-morbidities exacerbate its prevalence. For the Khmer ethnic population, additional barriers in healthcare access and disease management can lead to higher risks and poorer control. Understanding the specific risk factors associated with this condition is therefore paramount for developing effective public health interventions. This study aims to analyze these factors associated with hypertension among elderly Khmer people residing in Chau Thanh District, Tra Vinh Province, in 2024, to inform targeted strategies.

Public health researchers, epidemiologists, healthcare practitioners, and policymakers focused on non-communicable diseases, geriatric health, and ethnic minority health in Vietnam.

This cross-sectional analytical study investigated the factors associated with hypertension among 400 elderly Khmer individuals in Chau Thanh District, Tra Vinh Province. Utilizing a structured questionnaire, the research identified several significant risk factors influencing the prevalence of hypertension within this specific ethnic group. Key findings revealed that both non-modifiable aspects such as increasing age and certain pre-retirement occupations, as well as modifiable behavioral and physiological factors, are strongly associated with the condition. Specifically, central obesity, high salt intake, frequent consumption of animal fat, alcohol abuse, and insufficient physical activity were identified as critical determinants. The study also highlighted the influence of specific dietary habits prevalent among the Khmer community, characterized by salty and fatty foods, which contribute to a higher risk. Interestingly, while health insurance coverage showed a statistical association, this was interpreted as potentially indicating increased healthcare access and detection rather than a direct causative risk factor. The results underscore that the prevalence of hypertension among the elderly Khmer in the study area is multifaceted, driven by a combination of demographic, lifestyle, and cultural elements. These insights are vital for guiding public health initiatives and developing culturally sensitive, effective interventions to control hypertension and improve the quality of life for this vulnerable population. Further localized studies are recommended to fully elucidate these associations and refine intervention strategies.