Xây dựng và đánh giá thang đo kiến thức, thái độ, nhận thức kiểm soát hành vi tiêm ngừa sốt xuất cho trẻ của phụ huynh

Dengue fever remains a pressing global and national public health challenge, with substantial annual outbreaks and a high burden of severe illness, particularly among children. In Vietnam, where over 369,000 cases were recorded in 2023, the disease presents a significant public health threat. The recent approval of a dengue vaccine in Vietnam offers a crucial new tool for disease prevention. However, effective implementation relies heavily on understanding parental perceptions, as the vaccine is not yet integrated into the routine Expanded Immunization Program. This study aims to construct and rigorously assess a valid and reliable scale for measuring parents' knowledge, attitudes, and perceived behavioral control towards dengue vaccination for their children, laying the groundwork for targeted public health interventions.

Public health researchers, epidemiologists, healthcare professionals, and policymakers interested in vaccine uptake, health behavior, and scale development in infectious disease prevention.

This study aimed to construct and rigorously evaluate a scale designed to measure parents' knowledge, attitudes, and perceived behavioral control regarding dengue vaccination for their children. Conducted as a cross-sectional study in Ho Chi Minh City in 2025, the research involved 253 parents of primary school children. The questionnaire, structured into three subscales, was meticulously developed based on established health behavior theories. The methodological rigor included assessing content validity through Item- and Scale-level Content Validity Index (I-CVI, S-CVI) and Cohen's Kappa (K), internal consistency using Cronbach's Alpha, and construct validity via exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Key findings revealed that a substantial proportion (65.4%) of participants expressed an intention to vaccinate their children against dengue. All developed subscales demonstrated satisfactory content validity and high reliability, with Cronbach's Alpha values ranging from 0.70 to 0.89, affirming their internal consistency. Exploratory factor analysis further confirmed adequate sampling adequacy (KMO ≥ 0.69) and distinct factor structures: knowledge accounted for 23.6% of variance, attitude for 58.4%, and perceived behavioral control for 44.6%, with robust factor loadings from 0.36 to 0.84. Significantly, higher scores across all three domains—knowledge, attitude, and perceived behavioral control—were positively associated with a stronger intention to vaccinate (p < 0.05). In conclusion, this reliable and valid scale offers a valuable tool for community-based studies. It is instrumental in identifying the critical factors influencing parents' intention to vaccinate their children against dengue fever, providing a robust foundation for developing targeted public health interventions and communication strategies to enhance vaccine uptake in Vietnam. Future work should involve a larger, more diverse sample and confirmatory factor analysis for further validation.