Add and Delete Records Using Bound Controls

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1,5 Thêm và Xóa Records Sử dụng Bound Controls Bên cạnh đó dữ liệu chỉnh sửa, bổ sung thêm hồ sơ mới và xoá các bản ghi trong bảng là các tính năng rõ ràng là quan trọng.

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Nội dung Text: Add and Delete Records Using Bound Controls

1.5 Add and Delete Records Using Bound Controls Besides editing data, adding new records and deleting records in a table are obviously important features. This How-To shows you just that, taking advantage of the BinderContext class. Besides being able to edit current records that already exist, users need to be able to add and delete records as well. How do you add and delete records using bound controls? Technique To create the Add New Record feature, you will add a button called btnAddNew that has code behind it. You will use the BindingContext object again to add a new record by using the AddNew method. A module variable will be added to the form to keep track of whether a record is being added or edited. If a new record is being added, then when the update is performed, the application needs to reload the data in the list box in case the new record's CompanyName data falls into the chosen list limit that is specified in the txtCustLimit text box. To create the Delete Record feature, you will add a button called btnDelete. This button will have code behind it that will use the RemoveAt method of the ContextBinding object to remove the record from the dataset. The data will then be posted back to the server. Steps Open the solution for the chapter called "VB .NET How-To Chapter 1," and run the application. From the main form, click on the command button labeled How-To 1.5. Click the Load List button. Click the button labeled New. Enter the text ALF for Customer ID and Alfred's Fried Foods in the Company Name. Then click the button labeled Save, and see the record you just entered added to the list. After the record has been entered, you can test the delete feature by clicking on the button named Delete. The record goes away, and the list is rebuilt. 1. Add a new command button under btnEdit, and then set the Name property to btnNew and the Caption property to &Save. 2. Add a new module-level variable called mbAddNew, which is a Boolean variable to keep track of whether you are adding a new record. This variable will be placed outside of your routines, just under the forms code. You can see this in Figure 1.9.
Figure 1.9. By placing this variable just underneath Windows Form Designer Generated Code and declaring it Private, routines inside the Class can see it, but those outside cannot. Tip You can collapse and expand routines that you are working on within modules. This makes it handy when you are working on new routines (which can be expanded) and don't want to mess with old routines (which can be collapsed). 3. Add the following code to the Click event of the new command button btnNew. This code first sets the Boolean variable called mbAddNew to True. It then uses the AddNew method of the form's BindingContext object to add a new record to the dsCustomerIndividual dataset. Finally, the code calls the ActiveEditing routine to enable the text boxes. Listing 1.11 frmHowTo1_5.vb: Adding a New Record to the dsCustomerIndividual Dataset and Toggling Text Boxes Private Sub btnNew_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, _ ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles btnNew.Click
mbAddNew = True '- Using the BindingContext class add a new record Me.BindingContext(Me.dsCustomerIndividual, "Customers").AddNew() ActivateEditing(True) End Sub 4. Modify the Click event of the btnSave to test whether the mbAddNew flag has been set to True, meaning that a new record is being added. If True, then after saving the record by calling the SaveRecord and ActivateEditing routines, the LoadList and RefreshIndividual are called to load the new record's data. Note that the SaveRecord, ActiveEditing, and RefreshIndividual routines have not changed from How-To 1.4. The mbAddNew variable is then set to False. Listing 1.12 frmHowTo1_5.vb: Saving the Changed Data, Toggling Text Boxes, and Reloading the List Box and First Record in the List Private Sub btnSave_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles btnSave.Click '- Save the information SaveRecord() '- Disable the text boxes ActivateEditing(False) If mbAddNew Then LoadList() RefreshIndividual() mbAddNew = False End If End Sub 5. Modify the Click event for the btnCancel button to reset the mbAddNew variable to False, as seen in Listing 1.13. Listing 1.13 frmHowTo1_5.vb: Canceling the Edit and Resetting the mbAddNew Variable
Private Sub btnCancel_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, _ ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles btnCancel.Click '- Use the BindingContext class to cancel the current editing. Me.BindingContext(Me.dsCustomerIndividual, "Customers").CancelCurrentEdit() ActivateEditing(False) mbAddNew = False End Sub 6. Now it is time to add the delete functionality. To do this, add the following code to the Click event of the new button called btnDelete. The first line of the code you added begins by introducing a new method called RemoveAt and a new property called Position, both used with the BindingContext object. You will work from the inside out. The Position property tracks the current position in the dataset, in this case dsCustomerIndividual. The RemoveAt method marks the record that is at the position passed to it for deletion. Next, the Update method of the odaCustomerIndividual adapter is used to call the DELETE SQL statement command against the dataset, deleting the actual rows in the data set. The AcceptChanges method is called to send the changes to the dataset, a delete in this case, back to the server. Finally, the LoadList, RefreshIndividual, and ActivateEditing subroutines are called to refresh the list, refresh the first record in the list for the text boxes, and toggle the text boxes so that the user knows he can't edit them. Listing 1.14 frmHowTo1_5.vb: Deleting the Selected Record and Reloading the List Box Private Sub btnDelete_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, _ ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles btnDelete.Click '- Mark the row for deletion using the RemoveAt method of the BindingContext Me.BindingContext(Me.dsCustomerIndividual, _ "Customers").RemoveAt(Me.BindingContext(Me.dsCustomerIndividual, "Customers").Position) '- Perform the requested task at the dataset ' level using the data adapter odaCustomerIndividual.Update(dsCustomerIndividual, "Customers")
'- By accepting the changes, the data gets sent back to the server dsCustomerIndividual.AcceptChanges() '- Reload the list LoadList() '- Display the first record RefreshIndividual() '- Disable the text boxes ActivateEditing(False) End Sub How It Works When the user clicks the btnNew button, a flag (mbAddNew) is set to True, the dataset is set for adding a record with the AddNew method of the BindingContext, and the text boxes are enabled for editing. If the user then clicks the btnSave button, the data is updated to the dataset and then back to the server. If the user clicks the btnCancel button, the edits are canceled. In both cases, the mbAddNew variable is set to False and the ActivateEditing routine is called to disable the text boxes and let the user know that the text boxes are not available for editing. Finally, if the btnSave button was clicked and the mbAddNew was set to True, the LoadList and RefreshIndividual routines are called. When the user clicks the btnDelete button, the record is deleted from the recordset and then from the server. The list box is reloaded and the first record in the list is displayed in the text boxes. The text boxes are then disabled. Comments Here you have the basic commands needed to create a full-fledged data entry form. You can add, edit, and delete information from the form. This actually takes less code than if you use Visual Basic 6.0. The BindingContext object really goes a long way to helping you work with bound data.