ADJECTIVE IN COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE

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1. short A/Adv: Add “er” after them: shorter, longer, higher,…. Some exceptions: end with “y” change into “I” then add “er”: lovelier, prettier, happier, … end by consonant preceded with vowel, double consonant : thinner, fatter, slimmer,…. end with “w, er, t” add only “er” : slower, cleverer, quieter, smarter, …..

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Nội dung Text: ADJECTIVE IN COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE

ADJECTIVE • * SOME RULES FOR FORMING COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE
A. Comparative: • 1. short A/Adv: • Add “er” after them: shorter, longer, higher,…. • Some exceptions: • end with “y” change into “I” then add “er”: lovelier, prettier, happier, … • end by consonant preceded with vowel, double consonant : thinner, fatter, slimmer,…. • end with “w, er, t” add only “er” : slower, cleverer, quieter, smarter, …..
2. long A/ Adv: more + A/ Adv Ex: more intelligent, more beautiful, …
B. Superlative: 1. short A/Adv: • Add “the A+est” after them: the shortest, longest, highest,…. • Some exceptions: • end with “y” change into “I” then add “est”: the loveliest, prettiest, happiest, … • end by consonant preceded with vowel, double consonant : the thinnest, fattest, slimmer, • end with “w, er, t” add only “er” : slower, cleverer, quieter, smarter, …..
• 2. long A/ Adv: more + A/ Adv • Ex: the most intelligent, the most beautiful, ……….
Some irregular As: compariso Comparative Superlative n Adjectives Good Better The best Bad Worse The worst Far Farther The farthest little less The least
SOME OTHER KINDS OF COMPARISON: 1. Double comparative: + short A: [the short A + er] Ex: the higher the sun, the shorter the shadow. + long A: [the more A, the more/ A+ er] Ex: the more modest you are, the more successful you can get.
+ V: [the more S+ V] Ex: The more he works, the thinner he will be. + N: the more N , the more N/ A+ er Ex: The more money I got, the more industrious I am.
There are 8 kinds of A: 1. Proper: describe a thing Ex: Chinese language, Italian Watch,… 2. Descriptive: show what quality, in which state of a thing or a person Ex: a good man, an old book, an ill person,… 3. Quantitative: show an amount or number of sth Ex: much, some, few, little,… 4. Demonstrative: show which or what thing is meant Ex: this, that these, those, such, same,…
5. Interrogative: used for asking questions Ex: whose, what, which, when,… 6. Distributive: show a person or thing are taken singly or separate lots (every, each, either, neither…) 7. Possessive: show possession (my, her, his, its, their, your, our) 8. Limiting or Articles: the, a, an (a man, the cat, an orange…)
Position of A: • + often in front of N, pronoun
+ Some exceptions: + Modified by a phrase, the A as common thing. ex: He’s a prison worthy of death. Qualifying the compound of some, any, no (one/ thing/ body) Ex: Is there anything new today? When it’s formed by prefix “a” Ex: I saw a boy asleep in his room. Used in a complement of O to a V (make, keep, urge,….) Ex: U made me happy.
- Used as a Subjective complement after V understood. Ex: All people (that were) present was astonished by his coming late. I booked the most expensive seat (that was) available. - Denoting measure or age Ex: she is 10 years old. + This table is 1 meter long and a half of meter wide.
ORDER OF ADJ NUMBER Ex: a small black plastic bag QUALITY SIZE SHAPE AGE COLOR ORIGIN MATERIAL NOUN Ex: an old Korean song
note SIZE AND LENGHT SHAPE AND WIDTH EX: a tall thin man a short fat woman
note Two or more A of colour, use AND EX: a pink and yellow scarf a red , blue and white flag
Some examples of adjective order Opinio Materia Purpos Size Age Shape Colour Origin n l e youn Englis a silly man g h a huge round metal bowl smal sleepin a red bag l g
Exercise 1: Choose the best answer: 1. Which is the correct order? • a small Canadian thin lady • a Canadian small thin lady • a small thin Canadian lady • a thin small Canadian lady •
2. Which is the correct order? • a carving steel new knife • a new steel carving knife • a steel new carving knife • a new carving steel knife
3. Which is the correct order? • a beautiful blue sailing boat • a blue beautiful sailing boat • a sailing beautiful blue boat • a blue sailing beautiful boat

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