Part A: theory Degree of comparison of adjectives and adverbs
ằ I. so sánh ngang b ng ( Equal comparison)
ạ ừ 1. S + “be” + as + adj + as + N ( đ i t )
Ex:
ạ ừ He is as tall as his father. Mai is as beautiful as her friend. 2. S + V + as + adv + as + N ( đ i t )
Ex: John sings as well as his sister.
ể ủ ị ữ Notes: * Có th dùng “ So” thay cho “as” trong nh ng câu ph đ nh.
Ex: His job is not so difficult as mine.
ể ượ ư ằ ễ ạ (cid:0) Ý “b ng nhau, nh nhau” có th đ c di n đ t cách khác:
S+ V + the same + (N) + as + N (pronoun).
Ex. My house is as high as his. (cid:0) My house is the same height as his.
Tom is as old as Mary. (cid:0) Tom and Mary are the same age.
ừ * Chúng ta dùng “ the same as” ch không dùng “ the same like” Chú ý các tính t ứ ừ ươ ứ sau và các danh t t
Adj (cid:0)
(cid:0)
(cid:0)
(cid:0)
(cid:0)
(cid:0) ủ ng ng c a chúng. N weight with depth length size age
ơ
colder….
ớ ụ t có câu t o: thì ta g pấ thicker, colder (cid:0) ụ ạ ph âm + nguyên âm + ph âm
Heavy, light wide, narrow deep, shallow long, short big, small old II. So sánh h n. ( Comparatives) 1. So sánh h n ơ ( Comparatives) ế ắ Adj ng n 1 âm ti t + ừ ữ + V i nh ng tính t 1 âm ti ố ồ đôi ph âm cu i r i thêm hotter, big (cid:0) er: Ex. Thick (cid:0) ế er: bigger ụ Ex. Hot (cid:0)
Teacher: Dao Thi Kim Dung – Nguyen Du
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ế ừ 2âm ti t có tân cùng là đuôi: –y, er, ow ,le: thì ta them đuôi
Dirtier, simpler, cleverer, narrower
ữ ằ ừ t khác ta thêm c tính t .
more đ ng tr ằ ừ ướ ừ 3 âm ti t tr lên ta thêm ướ c: more đ ng tr
ữ ớ V i nh ng tính t er: Ex. dirty, simple, clever, narrow (cid:0) ế ạ 2 âm ti i nh ng tính t + Còn l ế ở ữ ớ V i nh ng tính t EX. More beautiful more intelligent more interesting
ạ ừ S + be + short Adj +er + than + N ( đ i t )
More + long Adj
Ex. Today is hotter than yesterday.
This chair is more comfortable than the other.
S + V+ short Adv +er + than + N ( pronouns)
More + long Adv
Ex. She speaks English better than me.
My father sings more beautifully than my brother.
ế ồ 2. So sánh kép ( double comparatives ) a) So sánh đ ng ti n: ( càng……thì càng)
The+ comparative + S + V +(O), the + comparative + S + V +(O)
Ex. The hotter it is, the more terrible I feel. The sooner you leaver, the earlier you will arrive at your destination. The more you study, the smarter you will become.
ừ ắ ừ ế b) So sánh lũy ti n: ( ngày càng…..) Tính t ạ và tr ng t ng n:
S+ V+ more+ and +more + adj/ adv
ấ
ừ ừ Ex. She becomes more and more beautiful. ( Cô y ngày càng xinh.) dài: ạ và tr ng t Tính t
S + V + adj/ adv +er and + adj/ adv +er
Ex. Dung is younger and younger. ( Dung càng ngày càng tr )ẻ
Teacher: Dao Thi Kim Dung – Nguyen Du
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ả ộ ố ươ ấ III. So sánh nh t ( Superlatives ) ừ ấ ắ So sánh nh t b t bu c ph i có t 3 đ i t ở ng tr lên.
S + V + the + short adj/ adv +est +( N )+ ( in/ of ) + N
most + long adj/ adv
ắ ố ơ ư ạ * Các quy t c khác cũng gi ng nh d ng so sánh h n. Ex. Hottest, biggest
ợ (cid:0) Các tr Ex. John is the tallest boy in my class. These shoes are the least expensive of all. ệ t. ng h p adj/ adv bi n đ i đ c bi
ế ờ ồ ổ ặ M t s adj cũng đ ng th i là adv:
ườ ộ ố Early, soon, hard, fast, long
COMPARISON CHART
COMPARATIVE Older, faster, cleaner, longer Wider, nicer SUPERLATIVE The oldest, the fastest, the cleanest, the longest The widest, the nicest
Dirtier, simpler, cleverer, narrower The dirtiest, the simplest, the cleverest, the narrowest
ADJECTIVE One syllable adjective: old, fast, clean, long One syllable adjectives ending in –e: wide, nice Two syllable adjectives ending in –y, er, ow ,le: dirty, simple, clever, narrow Other adjectives with two or more syllables: honest, modern, comfortable Irregular adjectives: good, bad, far, old
More honest, more modern, more comfortable Better, worse, farther/further, older/elder(only with family members) The most honest, the most modern, the most comfortable The best, the worst, the farthest/the furthest, the oldest/the eldest (only with family members)
Part B: EXERCISES
I. Choose the best answer A, B, C, or D to complete each sentence. 1.Ms. Jones isn’t as nice …….. Ms. Smith. B. for C. like D. to A. as
2. The rooms in Graduate Towers are……….. Patterson Hall.
B. larger than that of D. larger than in A. larger than C. larger than those in
3. Although she is very popular, she is not……her sister.
Teacher: Dao Thi Kim Dung – Nguyen Du
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B. as pretty D. most pretty than A. pretty as C. prettier than
4. Tuition at an American university runs……. Six thousand dollars a semester.
B. as high to D. as high than A. so high as C. as high as
5. Everyone looks much………. today than they did yesterday. B. happily A. happy C. more happily D. happier
6. Mr. Brown receives a …….. salary than anyone else in the company.
A. big B. more bigger D. the bigger C. bigger
7. The Boeing 747 is twice…….. the Boeing 707.
B. as bigger as D. more bigger than A. bigger than C. as big as
8. “Do you know that beautiful lady over there?” “ Yes, that’s Wanida. She’s…………. in her group.”
A. more beautiful than any girl C. so beautiful as other girl B. more beautiful than any other girl D. beautiful more than another girl
9. My young brother grew very quickly and soon he was……..my mother.
B. so big than D. too big than A. more big than C. as big as
10.He is not……. tall as his father.
A. the C. than D. more B. as
11. John’s grade……. than his sister’s. B. more high C. more higher D. the highest A. higher
12. Diana is the……..of the three sisters.
A. more short B. shorter D. more short C. shortest
13. She speaks English as……….as her friend does.
A. good C. better D. the best B. well
14. Of three shirts, this one is the………….
A. prettier D. most pretty
B. more prettiest C. prettiest 15. The baby’s illness is……….. than we thought at first. B. worst A. bad D. badly C. worse
16. Today is the……… day of the month.
A. hot C. hottest than D. hottest
A. slow C. most slowly D. slowest
B. hotter 17. He works more ………..than I. B. slowly 18. My book is as……….as yours.
B. well C. better D. the best A. good
19. I love you……….than I can say.
A. much B. many D. the most C. more
20. It’s………….to go by bus than by car.
B. cheapest C. more cheap D. more cheaper A. cheaper
Teacher: Dao Thi Kim Dung – Nguyen Du
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21. That house is ………one on the street.
A. oldest C. old D. older B. the oldest
22. This hotel must be………..than the small one next door.
A. expensive C. the most expensive B. more expensive D. the more expensive
23. An orange is ……… than a plum.
A. more large B. more larger D. the largest
C. larger 24. What is the……….thing you have done ever done?
A. more difficult C. difficulty B. most difficult D. difficult than
25. This river is……… than that river. B. narrowest A. narrow D. most narrow
C. narrower 26. The test is not………difficult……….it was last month. B. so/ as C. more/ as A. as/ as D. A and B
27. Peter usually drives………..Mary.
A. more fast D. B and C B. more fast than C. faster than
28. My brother sang….of all the pupils of the group.
A. more beautifully C. less beautifully B. the most beautifully D. most beautifully
29. At 3,810 meters above sea level in Bolivia stands Lake Titica, ………in the world.
A. the highest large lake C. high largest B. largest high lake D. the high largest lake
30. The hotel was…….any one we had stayed at before.
B. more expensive as D. better expensive than
31.
C. farthest D. further A. more expensive than C. most expensive than A: It’s a long way from Britian, isn’t it? B: Yes, but it isn’t as……….as Hong Kong. A. far
B. farther 32. Of the four dresses, which is ………………..expensive?
A. the best B. the most C. the more D. the greater
33. The larger the apartment, the................... the rent.
A. expensive C. expensively B. more expensive D. most expensive
34. The faster we walk,………….. we will get there.
A. the soonest C. the more soon B. the soon D. the sooner
36. “ Why did you buy these oranges? ” “They were ……….….. I could find. ”
B. cheapest ones D. the most cheapest A. cheapest C. the cheapest ones
37. She plays the piano …………… as she sings.
B. more beautifully A. as beautifully
Teacher: Dao Thi Kim Dung – Nguyen Du
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C. as beautiful D. the most beautifully
38. The streets are getting more and …………… these days.
B. less crowded D. most crowded A. crowded C. more crowded
39. The larger the city, …………… the crime rate.
A. highest B. higher C. the highest D. the higher
40. You must explain your problems …………....
A. as clear as you can C. as clear than you are B. as clearly as you can D. as clearly as you are
41. Pil is ……………… person we know.
A. the happier B. the happiest C. happier D. happiest
42. Which woman are you going to vote for? –I ’m not sure. Everyone says that Joan is………….
A. smarter B. the smarter C. more smarter D. more smart
43. Bill is ……………… A. lazier and lazier C. lazier and more lazy B. more and more lazy D. more lazy and lazier
44. It’s too noisy here. Can we go somewhere …………………? B. more quie A. noisier C. more noisy D. quieter
45. ………………..the time passes, …………….I feel ! The deadline of my thesis is coming, but I have just finished half of it. A. The faster / the nervous C. The fast / the more nervous B. The more fast / the nervous D. The faster / the more nervous
46. China is the country with…………………..population.
A. the larger B. the more large C. the largest D. the most large
47. She sat there quietly, but during all that time she was getting…………….Finally she exploded.
A. more and more angry B. the more angry D. the most angry C. angrier and angrier
48. For ……………….., it is certain that in the future some things will be very different.
A. the better or the worse C. good or bad
B. the good or the bad D. better or worse 49. Her grandfather’s illness was…………………..we thought at first.
A. more seriously as B. as seriously as C. more serious than D. as serious
than 50. My brother was feeling tired last night, so he went to bed…………..usual.
A. more early than B. as early as C more earlier as D. earlier than
51._______ you study for these exams, _______ you will do.
B. The more / the much D. The more hard / the more good
A. The harder / the better C. The hardest / the best 52. His house is _______ mine.
Teacher: Dao Thi Kim Dung – Nguyen Du
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B. as twice big as D. as big as twice
A. twice as big as C. as two times big as 53. A: It’s hot there, isn’t it? B: It’s very………..during the day.
B. hotter C. hottest D. hotter than A. hot
54. ……….apples are grown in Washington State.
A. Best B. The most good D. The better C. The best
55. The test becomes……….and…………
B. difficult/ difficult D. difficulty/ difficulty A. hard/ hard C. harder/ harder
56. His health is getting……….and…………….
A. good/ good C. bad/ bad B. better/ better D. well/ well
57. The more paper we save,…………preserved.
A. more is wood pulp C. wood pulp is B. the more wood pulp is D. the much wood pulp is
58. The more polluted air we breathe,…….we get.
B. the more weak D. weaker more A. the more weaker C. the weaker
59. The more we study, the……we are.
A. more good C. better than D. good B. better
60. The more I tried my best to help her, ……….she became.
A. less lazy C. the more lazy D. lazier B. the lazier
61. The weather becomes………………
A. colder with colder C. colder and more colder B. colder and colder D. more and more cold
62. The more he slept,…………….irritable he became.
A. the most B. the vey more C. much more D. the more
63. ………..he worked, the more he earned. B. The hard A. The more hard D. The hardest C. The harder
64. ………I get to know Jim, the more I like him.
A. For more B. More D. The most C. The more
65. The competition makes the price of goods……….
B. cheaper and cheaper D. cheaper and more cheaper
A. most cheap and cheap C. more cheap and more cheap 66. That factory is producing…….pollution.
D. more and less A. more and more B. better and better C. less and least
67. The ………I read about history, the……..it makes me realize how relevant history is for us today.
A. more/ better B. better/ better D. better/ more C. more/ more
68. The less we study, the………..we are.
Teacher: Dao Thi Kim Dung – Nguyen Du
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B. bad D. good A. worse
C. well 69. ……….the match was, the more spectators it attracted.
B. The best interesting D. The interesting A. The most interesting C. The more interesting
70. The more running water you use,……………
B. will be higher your bill D. the highest your bill will be A. your bill will be higher C. the higher your bill will be
71.……………you study for these exams, ………..you will do.
B. The more / the much
D. The more hard / the more good
B. the less / less
A. The harder/ the better C. The hardest / the best 72. My neighbour is driving me mad! It seems that………….it is at night , …………… he plays his music! A. the less / the more loud B. the more late / the more loudlier D. the later / the louder 73. Thanks to the progress of science and technology, our lives have become…………. A. more and more good
B. better and better D. gooder and gooder
C. the more and more good 74.The Sears Tower is…………..building in Chicago. A. taller B. the more tall C. the tallest D. taller and taller
D. the more intelligent and younger than
B. as many money as
75. Peter is……………John. A. younger and more intelligent than B. more young and intelligent than C. more intelligent and younger than 76.Robert does not have………….Peter does. A. money more than C. more money as D.as much money as
B. the coldest and coldest D. more and more cold
77. It gets…………..when the winter is coming. A. cold and cold C. colder and colder 78. French is a…………language to learn than English is. A. difficult
B. more difficult D. more and more difficult
D. more expensive C. expensive
C. most difficult 79.A car is……………….than a motorbike. A. cheap B. cheaper 80. Thanks to the great effort of doctors and nurses, her health is getting……………. A. worse B. better C. worse and worse D. better and better
Teacher: Dao Thi Kim Dung – Nguyen Du
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II. Choose the underlined part among A, B, C, or D that needs correcting. 1. Richard feels good than several days ago.
A B C D
2. Mary and Daisy are both intelligent students. Mary is so intelligent as Daisy.
A B C D
3. I found the conversation a s most interesting and I was glad to practice my
B C D
D C B
A English. 4. The Caspian Sea, a salt lake, is the largest than any other lakes in the A world. 5. He drives the car more dangerous than his brother does.
A B C D
C D B
6. It was the most biggest building that I had ever seen. A 7. I wish my house were so large as Jone’s. C D A B
D B C
8. The Mekong is one of the longer river in the world. A 9. She can play the piano more good than her sister.
A B C D
10. Many people believe that New York is the most great city in America.
A B C D
11. Jessica is only an amateur, but she sings well than most professionals.
A B C D
12. This house is more spacious as that white house I bought in Rapid City,
A B C
South Dakota last year.
D
13. Lan is the more capable of the three girls who have tried out for the part
A B C
in the play. D 14. This telephone isn’t as cheap the other one, but it work much better.
A B C D
15. Stories are the most good way of teaching moral lessons to young
A B C D
people. 16. The fastest you drive, the greater you get.
A B C D 17. This exercise is much more easier than the others.
Teacher: Dao Thi Kim Dung – Nguyen Du
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A B C D
18. London is much more exciting as I expected. A B C D 19. The large the room is, more people can sit in it. A B C D 20. The suitcase seemed to get heavy and heavier as I carried it along the road.
A B C D
III. Choose one sentence that best rewrites the sentence given:
1. They understand more than we do.
A. We don’t understand as much as they do. B. We don’t understand anything at all. C. They understand everything inside out. D. They are very intelligent.
2. It is much more difficult to speak English than to speak French. A. To speak French is more difficult than to speak English. B. To speak English is more difficult than to speak French. C. Speaking English is more difficult than to speak French. D. Speaking French is not as difficult as to speaking English.
3. My interview lasted longer than yours.
A. Your interview wasn’t as short as mine. B. Your interview was shorter than mine. C. Your interview was as long as mine. D. Your interview was longer than mine.
4. When I was younger, I used to go climbing more than I do now.
A. Now I don’t go climbing anymore. B. I used to go climbing when I younger. C. Now I don’t go climbing as much as I did. D. I don’t like going climbing any more.
5. Your coffee is not as good as mine.
A. Mine is better than yours. B. My coffee is better than your. C. My coffee is better than yours. D. My coffee is more good than yours.
6. I can’t cook as well as my mother does.
A. My mother can cook better than I can. B. My mother can’t cook better than I can. C. My mother can cook well than I can. D. I can cook better than my mother can.
Teacher: Dao Thi Kim Dung – Nguyen Du
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7. Murder is the most serious of all crimes.
A. Murder is very serious. B. No crime is more serious than murder. C. Everyone is very afraid of murder. D. Murder is the dangerous crime.
8. No one in this class as tall as peter.
A. Peter is taller than in this class. B. Peter is the tallest in this class. C. Peter is the most tall in this class. D. Peter is more tall than in this class.
9. This is the best music I have ever heard.
A. I‘ve never heard better music than this. B. I‘ve ever heard such a good music as this. C. I‘ve ever heard so good music as this. D. This is the first time I‘ve heard this good music.
10. This is the most interesting novel I’ve ever read.
A. Knowing that the novel will be interesting, I read it. B. If only I had known the novel was so interesting, I’d have read it earlier. C. I don’t think it is the most interesting novel. D. I have never read a more interesting novel than this.
IV. Rewrite the following sentences, using different kinds of comparison. 1. Bob is younger than Sally. (cid:0)
(cid:0)
Bob isn’t as old as Sally. Sally is older than Bob. 2. This book is less expensive than that one. (cid:0)
(cid:0) This book isn’t as expensive as that one. That book is more expensive than this one.
3. This room is smaller than that room. (cid:0)
(cid:0)
This room isn’t as big as that room. That room is bigger than this one. 4. she is the most beautiful girl in my class. (cid:0)
Noone in my class is as beautiful as her. 5. American coffee is weaker than Spanish coffee. (cid:0)
(cid:0) Spanish coffee is stronger than American coffee. Amirican coffee isn’t as strong as Spanish coffee.
6. Money is less important than health. (cid:0)
(cid:0) Health is more important than money. Money isn’t as important as health.
7. The Nile is the longest river in the world. (cid:0) No river in the world is as long as Nile river.
Teacher: Dao Thi Kim Dung – Nguyen Du
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8. Tom’s pronunciation is worse than Sue’s. (cid:0)
(cid:0)
(cid:0)
(cid:0) Tom’s pronunciation isn’t as good as Sue’s. Sue’s pronunciation is better than Tom’s. 9. This exercise is more difficult than the last one. This exercise isn’t as easy as the last one. The last exercise is easier than this one.
(cid:0) 10. I didn’t spend as much money as you. You spent more money than me
V. Complete the following sentences, using double comparative. 1. It becomes harder and harder to find a job. ( hard ) 2. That hole in your pullover is getting bigger and bigger. ( big ) 3. As I waited for my interview, I became more and more nervous. ( nervous ) 4. As the day went on, the weather got worse and worse. ( bad ) 5. As the conversation went on, he became more and more talkative. ( talkative ) VI. Give the suitable comparion to complete each sentence. 1. The weather today is hotter than it was yesterday. ( hot ) 2. The largest city in Canada is Toronto. ( large ) 3. This story is funnier than that one. ( funny ) 4. I’m taking four classes. My history class is the most interesting of all. ( interesting ) 5. The Pacific is deeper than the Mediterranean Sea. ( deep ) 6. You can write better than I can ( well ) 7. My father drives more carefully than I do. ( carefully ) 8. Indonesia is larger than Japan in population. ( large ) 9. Mt. Everest is the highest mountain in the world. ( high ) 10. I think good health is the most important thing in the life. ( important )
